Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 1 329 femmes enceintes fumant des cigarettes avant la grossesse, cette étude compare les taux d'abstinence tabagique après utilisation de cigarettes électroniques ou de substituts nicotiniques

Cigarette Smoking Abstinence Among Pregnant Individuals Using E-Cigarettes or Nicotine Replacement Therapy

Wen, Xiaozhong ; Chung, Minseon V. ; Liszewski, Kayla A. ; Todoro, Lauren D. ; Giancarlo, Eve M. ; Zhang, Wenxin ; Berkelhamer, Sara K. ; Goniewicz, Maciej L.

Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy can impair maternal and child health, and pregnant individuals have increasingly used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) for various reasons, including quitting smoking.To assess smoking abstinence rates among pregnant individuals who used e-cigarettes compared with those who used nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).This cohort study is a secondary data analysis of phase 8 of the US Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, conducted between 2016 and [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 99 001 participants de l'essai "the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial" (durée médiane de suivi : 11,7 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une adhésion au régime de réduction du risque de diabète et le risque de cancer de la vessie (761 cas)

Adherence to the Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet and bladder cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian (PLCO) cohort

Chen, Yuanhao ; Zeng, Song ; Jiao, Binbin ; Zhang, He ; Li, Gao ; Zhang, Xin ; Hu, Xiaopeng

Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet (DRRD) and bladder cancer risk in Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian (PLCO) cohort. Methods: Data from 99,001 participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between DRRD score and bladder cancer incidence. [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude met en évidence l'intérêt de BGP-15 (un inhibiteur du stress du réticulum endoplasmique) et de gp130Fc (un inhibiteur du processus inflammatoire) pour prévenir la progression d'une stéatose hépatique non alcoolique vers un carcinome hépatocellulaire

Therapeutic blockade of ER stress and inflammation prevents NASH and progression to HCC

Boslem, Ebru ; Reibe, Saskia ; Carlessi, Rodrigo ; Smeuninx, Benoit ; Tegegne, Surafel ; Egan, Casey L. ; McLennan, Emma ; Terry, Lauren V. ; Nobis, Max ; Mu, Andre ; Nowell, Cameron ; Horadagoda, Neil ; Mellett, Natalie A. ; Timpson, Paul ; Jones, Matthew ; Denisenko, Elena ; Forrest, Alistair R. R. ; Tirnitz-Parker, Janina E. E. ; Meikle, Peter J. ; Rose-John, Stefan ; Karin, Michael ; Febbraio, Mark A.

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rapidly rising largely because of increased obesity leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a known HCC risk factor. There are no approved treatments to treat NASH. Here, we first used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to characterize a mouse model that mimics human NASH–driven HCC, the MUP-uPA mouse fed a high-fat diet. Activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation was observed in a subset of hepatocytes that was [...]

Menée sur la période 2010-2013 auprès de 3 649 patientes non diabétiques atteintes d'un cancer du sein à haut risque de récidive (âge : moins de 75 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet d'une utilisation quotidienne de metformine sur le risque de nouveau cancer invasif (184 cas)

Effect of Metformin Versus Placebo on New Primary Cancers in Canadian Cancer Trials Group MA.32: A Secondary Analysis of a Phase III Randomized Double-Blind Trial in Early Breast Cancer

Pamela J. Goodwin ; Bingshu E. Chen ; Karen A. Gelmon ; Timothy J. Whelan ; Marguerite Ennis ; Julie Lemieux ; Jennifer A. Ligibel ; Dawn L. Hershman ; Ingrid A. Mayer ; Timothy J. Hobday ; Judith M. Bliss ; Priya Rastogi ; Manuela Rabaglio-Poretti ; Alastair M. Thompson ; Daniel W. Rea ; Paul M. Stos ; Lois E. Shepherd ; Vuk Stambolic ; Wendy R. Parulekar

Metformin has been associated with lower cancer risk in epidemiologic and preclinical research. In the MA.32 randomized adjuvant breast cancer trial, metformin (v placebo) did not affect invasive disease-free or overall survival. Here, we report metformin effects on the risk of new cancer. Between 2010 and 2013, 3,649 patients with breast cancer younger than 75 years without diabetes with high-risk T1-3, N0-3 M0 breast cancer (any estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth [...]

Menée au Danemark sur la période 2006-2021 auprès de 968 881 femmes âgées de 17 à 32 ans, cette étude évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la prévalence de lésions malpighiennes intraépithéliales anales de haut grade, du vaccin contre le papillomavirus humain (HPV)

HPV vaccination and anal high-grade precancerous lesions and cancer: a real-world effectiveness study

Baandrup, Louise ; Maltesen, Thomas ; Dehlendorff, Christian ; Kjaer, Susanne K

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has shown high efficacy against anal HPV infection and lesions in clinical trials, and the HPV prevalence and type distribution in anal precancers and cancer predict a high preventable potential for HPV vaccination. However, the real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccination against anal high-grade lesions and cancer is yet to be shown.We investigated HPV vaccine effectiveness against anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse (HSIL+) in a [...]

Menée au Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 20 163 adolescents, cette étude identifie des facteurs sociodémographiques entravant la vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain

Barriers to HPV Vaccine Uptake: Role of State Religiosity and Providers’ Participation in State Vaccine Program

Chandra, Monalisa ; Osaghae, Ikponmwosa ; Talluri, Rajesh ; Shete, Sanjay

Despite the known benefits of preventing HPV-related cancers, HPV vaccine coverage is low in the United States. Grounded in Social Ecological theory, we assessed the macro- (state) and meso-level (organization) factors associated with HPV vaccine initiation and up to date (UTD).Data from NIS-Teen 2020 was used to study a sample of 20,163 U.S. adolescents (ages 13-17). The data was collected from the teen’s parents/guardians and their healthcare providers. Weighted prevalence estimates were [...]