Menée à l'aide de données portant sur 137 283 femmes ménopausées, cette étude analyse l'association entre la dépense énergétique au repos et le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause, par sous-type

The Association of Predicted Resting Energy Expenditure with Risk of Breast Cancer among Postmenopausal Women in the Women's Health Initiative Cohort

Arthur, Rhonda S. ; Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin ; Prentice, Ross L. ; Shadyab, Aladdin H. ; Luo, Juhua ; Sattari, Maryam ; Xue, Xiaonan ; Kamensky, Victor ; Chen, Guo-Chong ; Qi, Qibin ; Anderson, Garnet L. ; Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia ; Neuhouser, Marian L. ; Rohan, Thomas E.

Obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and chronic inflammation, have been positively associated both with postmenopausal breast cancer and with resting energy expenditure (REE). However, there is limited epidemiologic evidence on the associations between REE and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to examine the association between predicted REE (calculated using the Ikeda, Livingston, and Mifflin equations) and [...]

Cette étude passe en revue les données concernant le risque de cancer chez les secouristes et sauveteurs présents sur le site du World Trade Center le 11 septembre 2001

Cancer risk among World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers: A review

Boffetta, Paolo ; Hall, Charles B. ; Todd, Andrew C. ; Goldfarb, David G. ; Schymura, Maria J. ; Li, Jiehui ; Cone, James E. ; Zeig-Owens, Rachel

Twenty years after the September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks, the association between exposures present at the World Trade Center (WTC) site and the risk of several specific types of cancer has been reported among rescue and recovery workers. The authors' objective was to conduct an updated review of these data. Most studies have found elevated rates of both prostate and thyroid cancers compared with rates in the general population, and some have reported statistically significant differences [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de données portant sur 13 642 pompiers et 22 595 policiers, cette étude analyse l'incidence des cancers liés à leur activité professionnelle

Cancer risk among firefighters and police in the Ontario workforce

Sritharan, Jeavana ; Kirkham, Tracy L ; MacLeod, Jill ; Marjerrison, Niki ; Lau, Ashley ; Dakouo, Mamadou ; Logar-Henderson, Chloë ; Norzin, Tenzin ; DeBono, Nathan L ; Demers, Paul A

Objective: Firefighters and police often work in high-stress, complex environments with known and suspected carcinogenic exposures. We aimed to characterise cancer incidence among firefighters and police. Methods: The Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS) was used to identify workers employed as firefighters or police in Ontario. A cohort of workers were identified using lost-time workers’ compensation claims data and followed for cancer in the Ontario Cancer Registry (1983–2020). Cox [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée entre 2007 et 2020, cette étude fait le point sur l'association entre le stress, les comportements induits par ce dernier et le risque de cancer

Psychosocial stress and cancer risk: a narrative review

Mohan, Ananyaa ; Huybrechts, Inge ; Michels, Nathalie

Background: It is unclear which psychological factors (stressors, emotional correlates, and psychophysiological markers) induce cancer risk. This currently limits the potential for prevention strategies. Purpose: The aim of this review is to bring forth evidence of stress as a determinant of cancer risk from a public health perspective, written for a broad public of practitioners and scientists. Methods: Based on a semisystematic literature search, the impact of different aspects/types of [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (9 essais, 35 222 patients), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre un traitement par l'ézétimibe et le risque de cancer

Impacts of ezetimibe on risks of various types of cancers: a meta-analysis and systematic review

Huang, Jing ; Li, Huijing ; Wang, Xueqi ; Liang, Xi ; Zhao, Tianhe ; Hu, Jingnan ; Bai, Haiyan ; Ge, Jianli ; Sun, Shijiang ; He, Jianming

Background: Ezetimibe is a widely used medication to reduce the plasma cholesterol level, particularly low-density lipoprotein level. However, its impact on cancer remains controversial. Here, its impacts on risks of various types of cancers were meta-analyzed. Methods: PubMed and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched and randomized controlled trials with followed up for at least 24 weeks were selected and included. The experimental group was defined as those patients treated with [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données des bases "UK Biobank" et "FinnGen" portant sur 607 813 patients atteints d'insuffisance rénale chronique, cette étude analyse le risque de cancer (19 localisations) lié à cette insuffisance

Causal association between chronic kidney disease and risk of 19 site-specific cancers: A Mendelian randomization study

Tang, Lei ; Li, Chunyang ; Chen, Wenwen ; Zeng, Yu ; Yang, Huazhen ; Hu, Yao ; Song, Huan ; Zeng, Xiaoxi ; Li, Qiu ; Fu, Ping

Background: Results of previous observational studies examining the risk of cancer among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are conflicting. We here explore the causal relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria, two principal measurements of CKD, and 19 site-specific cancers using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms reported to be strongly correlated with eGFR and albuminuria in recent large genome-wide [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de témoins et de 397 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du poumon, ménopausées et n'ayant jamais fumé, cette étude analyse l'association entre le niveau plasmatique des hormones sexuelles endogènes et le risque de développer la maladie

Endogenous sex hormones, aromatase activity and lung cancer risk in postmenopausal never-smoking women

Zhao, Yingya ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Zhang, Xianglan ; Rockwood, Alan L ; Kushnir, Mark M ; Cai, Qiuyin ; Wu, Jie ; Shi, Jiajun ; Lan, Qing ; Rothman, Nathaniel ; Shyr, Yu ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Zheng, Wei ; Yang, Gong

Although reproductive factors have been repeatedly associated with lung cancer risk, no study to date has directly evaluated the relationship with endogenous sex hormones nor with aromatase activity in postmenopausal never-smoking women. A case-control study of 397 incident lung cancer cases and their individually matched controls, nested within the Shanghai Women's Health Study, was conducted among postmenopausal women who were lifetime never smokers. Pre-diagnostic concentrations of sex [...]

Menée à partir de données de l'essai "the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial" portant sur 495 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal, cette étude analyse l'association entre une concentration sérique en acides biliaires plus élevée que celle en acides gras à chaîne courte et le risque de développer la maladie, en fonction du sexe

Prospective Associations of Circulating Bile Acids and Short-Chain Fatty Acids with Incident Colorectal Cancer

Loftfield, Erikka ; Falk, Roni T ; Sampson, Joshua N ; Huang, Wen-Yi ; Hullings, Autumn ; Murphy, Gwen ; Weinstein, Stephanie J ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Freedman, Neal D ; Sinha, Rashmi

Background: Human studies investigating the prospective relationship between microbial metabolites and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk are lacking. We tested whether higher serum bile acids (BAs) and lower short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were associated with CRC risk. Methods: In baseline serum collected ≤30 years prior to CRC diagnosis, we quantified concentrations of 15 BAs and 6 SCFAs using targeted LC-MS/MS assays in 1:1 matched cases and controls from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and [...]