Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 82 soeurs jumelles (âge médian : 19,7 ans), cette étude analyse l'influence génétique et environnementale sur l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique chez les adolescentes et jeunes adultes

Shared environmental influences on electronic cigarette use among adolescent and young adult females

Bares, Cristina ; Lopez Quintero, Catalina

Electronic cigarettes are now the most commonly used form of tobacco product among youth in the United States. Current evidence suggests that although e-cigarettes are perceived as less harmful and preferred over combustible cigarettes by adolescents, adolescents who try e-cigarettes are at greater risk of transitioning to combustible cigarettes. The genetic and environmental contributions to liability for e-cigarette use have not yet been examined using a behavioral genetic design.Behavioral [...]

Menée en Australie en 2019 par entretiens auprès de 64 professionnels de santé, cette étude analyse les pratiques, les connaissances, les opinions des cliniciens et les facteurs facilitant ou entravant la mise en oeuvre de nouvelles recommandations concernant l'utilisation quotidienne de faibles doses d'aspirine pendant au moins 2,5 ans pour réduire le risque de cancer colorectal chez les personnes âgées de 50 à 70 ans

Clinicians’ opinions on recommending aspirin to prevent colorectal cancer to Australians aged 50–70 years: a qualitative study

Emery, Jon ; Macrae, Finlay ; Saya, Sibel ; Milton, Shakira ; McIntosh, Jennifer ; Yogaparan, Thivagar ; Alphonse, Pavithran ; Karnchanachari, Napin ; Nguyen, Peter ; Lau, Phyllis

Objectives: Australian guidelines recommend all adults aged 50–70 years old without existing contraindications consider taking low-dose aspirin (100–300 mg per day) for at least 2.5 years to reduce their risk of developing colorectal cancer. We aimed to explore clinicians’ practices, knowledge, opinions, and barriers and facilitators to the implementation of these new guidelines. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with clinicians to whom the new guidelines may be applicable [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur les personnes âgées de 9 à 26 ans ayant été vaccinées contre le papillomavirus humain entre 2016 et 2018 (vaccin nonavalent, 493 089 doses), cette étude évalue la sécurité du vaccin du point de vue des événements indésirables déclarés dans l'année suivant la vaccination anti-HPV

A Broad Safety Assessment of the 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

Yih, W Katherine ; Kulldorff, Martin ; Dashevsky, Inna ; Maro, Judith C

Surveys of parents indicate safety is their top concern about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. A data-mining method not requiring pre-specification of health outcome(s) of interest or post-exposure period(s) of potentially increased risk can check for associations between an exposure and any of thousands of medically attended health outcomes. The method was applied to the 9-valent HPV vaccine (HPV9) to detect potential safety problems. Data on 9-26-year-olds who had received HPV9 vaccine [...]

Menée en Chine sur la période 2013-2019 auprès de 3 569 fumeurs, cette étude compare l'efficacité, du point de vue du taux d'abstinence tabagique à 12 mois, de 2 modes de sevrage, l'un par varénicline et l'autre par substitution de la nicotine, puis identifie les facteurs associés à cette abstinence

Effectiveness of Varenicline versus Combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy for Smoking Cessation: One Year Outcomes in a Smoking Cessation Clinic in Taiwan

Hsueh, Kuang-Chieh ; Tang, Pei-Ling ; McRobbie, Hayden

Varenicline and combination nicotine replacement treatment (cNRT) have been recommended as the most effective pharmacotherapies, with equal abstinence rate for smoking cessation in a network meta-analysis of randomized trials, but data from real-world long-term follow-up studies are rare. This study aimed to compare the 12-month sustained abstinence rates of smokers using varenicline versus cNRT in their quit attempt.A total of 3,569 smokers were recruited via the Department of Family Medicine [...]