A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en décembre 2019 (19 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'effet du tabagisme sur l'association entre le taux d'androgènes ou d'estrogènes et le risque de cancer du sein avant la ménopause

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Smoking and Circulating Sex Hormone Levels Among Premenopausal Women

Ihenacho, Ugonna ; Sriprasert, Intira ; Mack, Wendy J ; Hamilton, Ann S ; Unger, Jennifer B ; Press, Michael F ; Wu, Anna H

It is established that higher pre-diagnostic circulating androgen and estrogen levels are associated with increased breast cancer risk in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Pooled analyses in postmenopausal women report higher androgen and estrogen levels in current heavy cigarette smokers compared to nonsmokers. However, evidence among premenopausal women has been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate differences in standardized mean hormone levels [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mars 2020 (38 articles), cette étude analyse l'association entre le type de boisson sucrée consommée et le risque de cancer

Sweet Beverages and Cancer: A Scoping Review of Quantitative Studies

Yeary, Karen Hye-cheon Kim. ; Quisenberry, Amanda ; Hall, Marissa G. ; Yu, Han ; Henry, Whitney Ann E. ; Rodriguez, Elisa Marie. ; Zoellner, Jamie M.

We conducted a scoping review of sweet beverages (SB) and cancer outcomes to ascertain SB's relationship with cancer by SB type and cancer type. We used the PRISMA Scoping Review Guidelines to review quantitative studies of SB and cancer. Eligible studies included articles reporting a quantitative association between SB intake and a cancer-related health outcome in humans, including adiposity-related vs. non-adiposity-related cancers. Studies included analyses not confounded by artificial [...]

Menée en Italie à partir de données portant sur 10 786 femmes de la population générale et à l'aide d'échantillons plasmatiques et urinaires, cette étude analyse l'association entre les niveaux de cuivre, de zinc ou le rapport cuivre/zinc et le risque de cancer du sein

Pre-diagnostic levels of copper and zinc and breast cancer risk in the ORDET cohort

Pala, Valeria ; Agnoli, Claudia ; Cavalleri, Adalberto ; Rinaldi, Sabina ; Orlandi, Rosaria ; Segrado, Francesco ; Venturelli, Elisabetta ; Vinceti, Marco ; Krogh, Vittorio ; Sieri, Sabina

Background: Case-control studies show that copper (Cu) is high and zinc (Zn) low in blood and urine of breast cancer (BC) women compared to controls. Methods: To assess whether pre-diagnostic Cu and Zn are associated with BC risk, odds ratios (OR) of BC according to Cu, Zn, and Cu/Zn ratio in plasma and urine were estimated in a nested case-control study within the ORDET cohort, using conditional logistic regression adjusted for multiple variables: First 496 BC cases and matched controls, [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de données 1985-2016 d'un registre portant sur 876 patients atteints d'une tumeur neuroblastique diagnostiquée entre 0 et 19 ans, cette étude cherche à identifier des clusters temporels de tumeurs neuroblastiques

Temporal clustering of neuroblastic tumours in children and young adults from Ontario, Canada

Hayes, Louise ; Basta, Nermine ; Muirhead, Colin R. ; Pole, Jason D. ; Gibson, Paul ; Di Monte, Bruna ; Irwin, Meredith S. ; Greenberg, Mark ; Tweddle, Deborah A. ; McNally, Richard J. Q.

Background: The aetiology of neuroblastic tumours is likely to involve both genetic and environmental factors. A number of possible environmental risk factors have been suggested, including infection. If an irregular temporal pattern in incidence is found, this might suggest that a transient agent, such as an infection, is implicated. Previous work has found evidence for temporal clustering in children and young adults living in northern England. Methods: We examined data from a second [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données d'études d'association sur le génome entier portant sur 159 201 témoins et 418 patients atteints d'un cancer des voies bilaires, cette étude analyse l'association entre les taux circulant de cholestérol HDL, cholestérol LDL, cholestérol total ou de triglycérides et le risque de développer la maladie

Mendelian randomization study of circulating lipids and biliary tract cancer among East Asians

Wang, Jun ; Zhuge, Jinke ; Feng, Dongxu ; Zhang, Bo ; Xu, Jianying ; Zhao, Dongkang ; Fei, Zhewei ; Huang, Xia ; Shi, Wenjie

Background: Associations of High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (CHL), and triglyceride (TRG) concentrations with risk of biliary tract cancer (BtC) were conflicting in observational studies. We aim to investigate the causal link between circulating lipids and BtC using genetic information. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the four circulating lipids (n = 34,421) and BtC (418 cases and 159,201 controls) were [...]

Cette étude analyse l'intérêt d'utiliser la méthode de randomisation mendélienne pour identifier les facteurs de risque nutritionnels associés aux cancers

Applying Mendelian randomization to appraise causality in relationships between nutrition and cancer

Wade, Kaitlin H. ; Yarmolinsky, James ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Lewis, Sarah J. ; Millwood, Iona Y. ; Munafò, Marcus R. ; Meddens, Fleur ; Burrows, Kimberley ; Bell, Joshua A. ; Davies, Neil M. ; Mariosa, Daniela ; Kanerva, Noora ; Vincent, Emma E. ; Smith-Byrne, Karl ; Guida, Florence ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Sanderson, Eleanor ; Dudbridge, Frank ; Burgess, Stephen ; Cornelis, Marilyn C. ; Richardson, Tom G. ; Borges, Maria Carolina ; Bowden, Jack ; Hemani, Gibran ; Cho, Yoonsu ; Spiller, Wes ; Richmond, Rebecca C. ; Carter, Alice R. ; Langdon, Ryan ; Lawlor, Deborah A. ; Walters, Robin G. ; Vimaleswaran, Karani Santhanakrishnan ; Anderson, Annie ; Sandu, Meda R. ; Tilling, Kate ; Davey Smith, George ; Martin, Richard M. ; Relton, Caroline L. ; with the M. R. in Nutrition, Cancer working group

Dietary factors are assumed to play an important role in cancer risk, apparent in consensus recommendations for cancer prevention that promote nutritional changes. However, the evidence in this field has been generated predominantly through observational studies, which may result in biased effect estimates because of confounding, exposure misclassification, and reverse causality. With major geographical differences and rapid changes in cancer incidence over time, it is crucial to establish [...]