Menée au Japon à partir de questionnaires et à partir d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 3 301 patients atteints d'un cancer et 4 044 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau de 25-hydroxyvitamine D et le risque de cancer ou le risque de cancer par localisation

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and subsequent risk of total and site specific cancers in Japanese population: large case-cohort study within Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study cohort

Budhathoki, Sanjeev ; Hidaka, Akihisa ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Sawada, Norie ; Tanaka-Mizuno, Sachiko ; Kuchiba, Aya ; Charvat, Hadrien ; Goto, Atsushi ; Kojima, Satoshi ; Sudo, Natsuki ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Sasazuki, Shizuka ; Inoue, Manami ; Tsugane, Shoichiro ; Iwasaki, Motoki

Objective : To evaluate the association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration and the subsequent risk of overall and site specific cancer in a large cohort study. Design : Nested case-cohort study within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study cohort. Setting : Nine public health centre areas across Japan. Participants : 3301 incident cases of cancer and 4044 randomly selected subcohort participants. Exposure : Plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 826 patients atteints d'un cancer du côlon de stade III (durée médiane de suivi : 6,5 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de fruits à coque et le risque de récidive ou la survie

Nut Consumption and Survival in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer: Results From CALGB 89803 (Alliance)

Fadelu, Temidayo ; Zhang, Sui ; Niedzwiecki, Donna ; Ye, Xing ; Saltz, Leonard B. ; Mayer, Robert J. ; Mowat, Rex B. ; Whittom, Renaud ; Hantel, Alexander ; Benson, Al B. ; Atienza, Daniel M. ; Messino, Michael ; Kindler, Hedy L. ; Venook, Alan ; Ogino, Shuji ; Ng, Kimmie ; Wu, Kana ; Willett, Walter ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey ; Bao, Ying ; Fuchs, Charles S.

Purpose : Observational studies have reported increased colon cancer recurrence and mortality in patients with states of hyperinsulinemia, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and high glycemic load diet. Nut intake has been associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. However, the effect of nut intake on colon cancer recurrence and survival is not known. Patients and Methods : We conducted a prospective, observational study of [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études concernant le rôle de la metformine dans la chimioprévention des cancers du poumon et l'amélioration de la survie des patients atteints de la maladie

Metformin for lung cancer prevention and improved survival : a novel approach

Roos, Juliana F. ; Qudsi, Mariam ; Samara, Arwa ; Rahim, Madina M. ; Al-Bayedh, Samar A. ; Ahmed, Hafez

Diabetes mellitus has been associated with increased risk for the development of many types of cancer. Metformin, an oral medication and first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been suggested to reduce cancer risk and mortality in various types of cancer. This study focuses on assessing metformin association with lung cancer as reported in the literature. Recent studies and reviews investigating metformin effects on lung cancer incidence and patient survival are critically and [...]

Cet article passe en revue les connaissances sur le papillomavirus humain (cycle viral, mécanisme d'infection, réactions immunologiques, cancérogenèse, ...), puis identifie les stratégies possibles pour améliorer l'efficacité des vaccins anti-HPV, augmenter la couverture vaccinale et réduire ainsi le risque de cancers liés à ce virus

Opportunities and challenges for human papillomavirus vaccination in cancer

Roden, Richard B. S. ; Stern, Peter L.

The discovery of genotype 16 as the prototype oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) initiated a quarter century of laboratory and epidemiological studies that demonstrated their necessary, but not sufficient, aetiological role in cervical and several other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Early virus-induced immune deviation can lead to persistent subclinical infection that brings the risk of progression to cancer. Effective secondary prevention of cervical cancer through cytological and/or [...]

Mené aux Etats-Unis auprès de 188 professionnels de santé et auprès de 43 132 adolescents (âge médian : 12,6 ans ; 50% de filles), cet essai évalue l'efficacité d'une intervention, destinée à former les professionnels de santé et basée sur la mise à disposition de plusieurs outils de communication (bibliothèque de fiches d'information sur le papillomavirus humain (HPV), un site pédagogique pour les parents, série d'images sur les maladies liées au HPV, ...), pour améliorer le taux de vaccination contre le HPV chez les adolescents

Effect of a health care professional communication training intervention on adolescent human papillomavirus vaccination: A cluster randomized clinical trial

Dempsey, A. F. ; Pyrznawoski, J. ; Lockhart, S. ; et al.,

Importance : The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)–related cancers is more than 35 000 cases in the United States each year. Effective HPV vaccines have been available in the United States for several years but are underused among adolescents, the target population for vaccination. Interventions to increase uptake are needed. Objective : To evaluate the effect of a 5-component health care professional HPV vaccine communication intervention on adolescent HPV vaccination. Design, Setting, [...]