Menée en Islande à partir de données portant notamment sur le premier lieu de résidence (village côtier, village rural, ville) de 9 340 femmes nées entre 1908 et 1935 et à partir de questionnaires auprès d'un sous-groupe incluant 2 882 participantes (durée médiane de suivi : 27,3 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la quantité de poisson consommée à différentes périodes de l'existence et le risque de cancer du sein (744 cas)

Early life residence, fish consumption and risk of breast cancer

Haraldsdottir, Alfheidur ; Steingrimsdottir, Laufey ; Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur ; Aspelund, Thor ; Tryggvadottir, Laufey ; Harris, Tamara B. ; Launer, Lenore ; Mucci, Lorelei A. ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Adami, Hans-Olov ; Gudnason, Vilmundur ; Torfadottir, Johanna E.

Background : Little is known about fish intake throughout the life course and the risk of breast cancer. Methods : We used data on the first residence of 9,340 women born 1908-1935 in the Reykjavik Study as well as food frequency data for different periods of life from a subgroup of the cohort entering the AGES-Reykjavik Study (n = 2,882). Results : During a mean follow-up of 27.3 years, 744 women were diagnosed with breast cancer in the Reykjavik Study. An inverse association of breast cancer [...]

Cet article fait le point sur les propriétés et les modes d'action des chalcones et des flavonoïdes prénylés dans la prévention et le traitement des cancers

Prenylated chalcones and flavonoids for the prevention and treatment of cancer

Venturelli, S. ; Burkard, M. ; Biendl, M. ; Lauer, U. M. ; Frank, J. ; Busch, C.

Prenylated chalcones and flavonoids gained increasing attention not only in nutrition but also in cancer prevention because of their biological and molecular activities in humans, which have been extensively investigated in vitro or in preclinical studies. These naturally occurring compounds exhibit antioxidant effects, modulate metabolism of carcinogens by inhibition of distinct phase 1 metabolic enzymes and activation of phase 2 detoxifying enzymes, and display antiinflammatory properties. In [...]

Menée sur une cohorte multi-ethnique incluant 183 199 participants (durée médiane de suivi : 16,1 ans), cette étude évalue, en fonction du sexe et de l'origine ethnique, l'association entre l'utilisation d'aspirine ou d'autres anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de cancer colorectal (4 882 cas)

Exploring Differences in the Aspirin-Colorectal Cancer Association by Sex and Race/Ethnicity : The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Park, Song-Yi ; Wilkens, Lynne R. ; Kolonel, Laurence N. ; Monroe, Kristine R ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Le Marchand, Loic

Background : Evidence has accumulated that long-term use of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) protects against colorectal cancer (CRC). We tested whether the inverse associations between NSAIDs and CRC is similarly observed across sexes and five racial/ethnic groups (Japanese, Latino, African American, Native Hawaiian, and white) in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study. Methods : During a mean follow-up of 16.1 years, we identified 4,882 invasive incident CRC cases [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'un modèle murin de polypose adénomateuse intestinale, cette étude montre que la restauration de la concentration de l'acide rétinoïque dans l'intestin réduit l'inflammation et la tumorigenèse

Restoring Retinoic Acid Attenuates Intestinal Inflammation and Tumorigenesis in APCMin/+ Mice

Penny, Hweixian Leong ; Prestwood, Tyler R. ; Bhattacharya, Nupur ; Sun, Fionna ; Kenkel, Justin A. ; Davidson, Matthew G. ; Shen, Lei ; Zuniga, Luis A. ; Seeley, E. Scott ; Pai, Reetesh ; Choi, Okmi ; Tolentino, Lorna ; Wang, Jinshan ; Napoli, Joseph L. ; Engleman, Edgar G.

Chronic intestinal inflammation accompanies familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer in patients with this disease, but the cause of such inflammation is unknown. Because retinoic acid (RA) plays a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis in the intestine, we hypothesized that altered RA metabolism contributes to inflammation and tumorigenesis in FAP. To assess this hypothesis, we analyzed RA metabolism in the intestines of patients with FAP [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 9 millions de femmes âgées de 15 à 39 ans et bénéficiant d'une assurance santé privée, cette étude évalue, en fonction de catégories d'âge (15-19 ans, 20-24 ans et 30-39 ans), l'évolution de la prévalence des lésions cervicales de bas et de haut grade sur la période 2007-2014 afin de déterminer l'efficacité d'une vaccination contre les papillomavirus humains de type 16 et 18 chez les jeunes femmes

Ecological Association of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination with Cervical Dysplasia Prevalence in the United States, 2007–2014

Flagg, Elaine W. ; Torrone, Elizabeth A. ; Weinstock, Hillard

Objectives. To examine prevalence of low- and high-grade cervical lesions over time in a large cohort of US female adolescents and women. Methods. We used health care claims data from 9 million privately insured female patients aged 15 to 39 years to estimate annual prevalence of cytologically detected cervical low-grade (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and high-grade histologically detected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 and 3 (CIN2+) during 2007 [...]

Cet article présente les recommandations de la "Society for Behavioral Medicine" pour améliorer, aux Etats-Unis, l'accès aux services de vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain et accroître la couverture vaccinale chez les hommes et les femmes

Society of behavioral medicine supports increasing HPV vaccination uptake : an urgent opportunity for cancer prevention

Peterson, C. E. ; Dykens, J. A. ; Brewer, N. T. ; Buscemi, J. ; Watson, K. ; Comer-Hagans, D. ; Ramamonjiarivelo, Z. ; Fitzgibbon, M.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage remains low in the USA. The Society for Behavioral Medicine (SBM) supports the goals outlined by Healthy People 2020, the President’s Cancer Panel, and the National Vaccine Advisory Committee to increase vaccination coverage among both males and females. SBM makes the following recommendations in support of efforts to reduce structural and other barriers to HPV vaccination services in order to increase rates of series completion. We encourage [...]