A partir d'une revue systématique de la littératures (14 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation d'ail et le risque de cancer colorectal

Garlic consumption and colorectal cancer risk in man: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chiavarini,Manuela ; Minelli,Liliana ; Fabiani,Roberto

Objective : Colorectal cancer shows large incidence variations worldwide that have been attributed to different dietary factors. We conducted a meta-analysis on the relationship between garlic consumption and colorectal cancer risk. Design : We systematically reviewed publications obtained by searching ISI Web of Knowledge, MEDLINE and EMBASE literature databases. We extracted the risk estimate of the highest and the lowest reported categories of intake from each study and conducted [...]

Menée à partir des données de 10 études (5 959 cas et 12 248 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation alimentaire de vitamine E d'origine naturelle et le risque de cancer de la tête et du cou

Vitamin E intake from natural sources and head and neck cancer risk: a pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium

Edefonti, V. ; Hashibe, M. ; Parpinel, M. ; Ferraroni, M. ; Turati, F. ; Serraino, D. ; Matsuo, K. ; Olshan, A. F. ; Zevallos, J. P. ; Winn, D. M. ; Moysich, K. ; Zhang, Z. F. ; Morgenstern, H. ; Levi, F. ; Kelsey, K. ; McClean, M. ; Bosetti, C. ; Schantz, S. ; Yu, G. P. ; Boffetta, P. ; Chuang, S. C. ; A Lee, Y. C. ; La Vecchia, C. ; Decarli, A.

Background : Evidence for the possible effect of vitamin E on head and neck cancers (HNCs) is limited. Methods : We used individual-level pooled data from 10 case–control studies (5959 cases and 12 248 controls) participating in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium to assess the association between vitamin E intake from natural sources and cancer of the oral cavity/pharynx and larynx. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were [...]

Menée en Italie auprès de 198 patients atteints d'un carcinome rhinopharyngé et auprès de 592 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation régulière d'aspirine et le risque de développer la maladie

Regular aspirin use and nasopharyngeal cancer risk: A case-control study in Italy

di Maso, Matteo ; Bosetti, Cristina ; La Vecchia, Carlo ; Garavello, Werner ; Montella, Maurizio ; Libra, Massimo ; Serraino, Diego ; Polesel, Jerry

Regular aspirin use has been associated to decreased risk of several cancers, but evidence on nasopharyngeal carcinoma is scanty. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in Italy, enrolling 198 Caucasian patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Controls were 592 cancer-free Caucasian patients admitted to the same catchment areas as cases; controls were frequency matched according to sex, age, and area of residence. Regular aspirin use was defined as taking at least one aspirin a week [...]

Menée à partir des données récentes du registre néerlandais des cancers, cette étude estime la proportion de cancers pouvant être évités dans la population masculine si les garçons âgés de 12 ans sont inclus dans les programmes de vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain

Direct benefit of vaccinating boys along with girls against oncogenic human papillomavirus: bayesian evidence synthesis

Bogaards, Johannes A ; Wallinga, Jacco ; Brakenhoff, Ruud H ; Meijer, Chris J L M ; Berkhof, Johannes

Objective : To assess the reduction in the vaccine preventable burden of cancer in men if boys are vaccinated along with girls against oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). Design : Bayesian evidence synthesis approach used to evaluate the impact of vaccination against HPV types 16 and 18 on the burden of anal, penile, and oropharyngeal carcinomas among heterosexual men and men who have sex with men. The reduced transmission of vaccine-type HPV from vaccination of girls was assumed to lower the [...]

Menée en Suède auprès d'une cohorte d'adolescents âgés de 11 à 12 ans en 2010 et suivis jusqu'en 2013, cette étude évalue la proportion d'adolescents ayant une pratique tabagique en fonction de leur participation à un programme de prévention en milieu scolaire, puis identifie les facteurs socio-démographiques associés à leur pratique tabagique

Evaluation of a tobacco prevention programme among teenagers in Sweden

Hedman, Linnéa ; Andersson, Martin ; Stridsman, Caroline ; Rönmark, Eva

Objective : To study the prevalence of tobacco use among teenagers, to evaluate a tobacco prevention programme and to study factors related to participation in the prevention programme. Design and setting : Population-based prospective cohort study. Method : Within the Obstructive Lung disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) studies, a cohort study about asthma in schoolchildren started in 2006. All children aged 7–8 years in three municipalities were invited to a questionnaire survey and 2585 (96%) [...]

Mené en Angleterre sur 789 femmes enceintes ayant une pratique tabagique (âge : de 16 à 50 ans), cet essai évalue, du point de vue du taux d'abstinence tabagique à la fin de la grossesse, l'intérêt d'un programme d'interventions comportant une aide comportementale et des séances d'exercices physiques

Physical activity for smoking cessation in pregnancy: randomised controlled trial

Ussher, Michael ; Lewis, Sarah ; Aveyard, Paul ; Manyonda, Isaac ; West, Robert ; Lewis, Beth ; Marcus, Bess ; Riaz, Muhammad ; Taylor, Adrian ; Daley, Amanda ; Coleman, Tim

Objective : To determine the effectiveness of a physical activity intervention for smoking cessation during pregnancy. Design : Parallel group, randomised controlled, multicentre trial. Setting : 13 hospitals in England, April 2009 to January 2014. Participants : 789 pregnant smokers, aged 16-50 years and at 10-24 weeks’ gestation, who smoked at least one cigarette daily and were prepared to quit smoking one week after enrollment were randomised (1:1); 785 were included in the intention to [...]

Mené en Chine auprès de 184 786 participants âgés de 25 à 54 ans, cet essai évalue, dans le cadre d'une stratégie de prévention des cancers gastriques, l'intérêt d'un traitement à base de tétracycline, de métronidazole, de citrate de bismuth et d'oméprazole pour éradiquer la bactérie Helicobacter pylori

A large randomised controlled intervention trial to prevent gastric cancer by eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Linqu County, China: baseline results and factors affecting the eradication

Pan, Kai-Feng ; Zhang, Lian ; Gerhard, Markus ; Ma, Jun-Ling ; Liu, Wei-Dong ; Ulm, Kurt ; Wang, Jian-xi ; Zhang, Lei ; Zhang, Yang ; Bajbouj, Monther ; Zhang, Lan-fu ; Li, Ming ; Vieth, Michael ; Liu, Rui-yong ; Quante, Michael ; Wang, Le-hua ; Suchanek, Stepan ; Zhou, Tong ; Guan, Wei-xiang ; Schmid, Roland ; Classen, Meinhard ; You, Wei-Cheng

Objective : To clarify the full range of benefits and adverse consequences of Helicobacter pylori eradication as a strategy for gastric cancer prevention, the community-based intervention trial was launched in Linqu County, China. Design : A total of 184 786 residents aged 25–54 years were enrolled in this trial and received 13C-urea breath test. H. pylori positive participants were assigned into two groups, either receiving a 10-day quadruple anti-H. pylori treatment or lookalike placebos [...]

Menée à partir de données statistiques françaises sur la période 1980-2010, cette étude évalue, en fonction du sexe, l'évolution de la mortalité attribuable au tabac

Trends in tobacco-attributable mortality in France

Ribassin-Majed, Laureen ; Hill, Catherine

Background : In 2010, the prevalence of tobacco use in France was 33% and reached 39% in the population aged 18–44. The purpose of this article is to describe the trends in tobacco-attributable mortality in France between 1980 and 2010. Methods : Using data from the national mortality statistics and relative risks of death, we estimated the tobacco-attributable fractions (AF) by sex and age using the method developed by Peto et al. and used recently by the World Health Organization with [...]