Menée en population suédoise auprès de 49 321 hommes âgés de 18 à 20 ans, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une consommation de cannabis et le risque de développer un cancer du poumon après une période de suivi de 40 ans

Marijuana use and risk of lung cancer: a 40-year cohort study

Callaghan, RussellC ; Allebeck, Peter ; Sidorchuk, Anna

Purpose : Cannabis (marijuana) smoke and tobacco smoke contain many of the same potent carcinogens, but a critical—yet unresolved—medical and public-health issue is whether cannabis smoking might facilitate the development of lung cancer. The current study aimed to assess the risk of lung cancer among young marijuana users. Methods : A population-based cohort study examined men (n = 49,321) aged 18–20 years old assessed for cannabis use and other relevant variables during military conscription [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (5 études de cohorte et 13 études cas-témoins), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle au chlorure de méthylène et le risque de cancer

Occupational exposure to methylene chloride and risk of cancer: a meta-analysis

Liu, Tao ; Xu, Qin-er ; Zhang, Chuan-hui ; Zhang, Peng

Methods : We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for epidemiologic studies on occupational exposure to methylene chloride and risk of cancer. Estimates of study-specific odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using inverse-variance-weighted fixed-effects models and random-effects models. Statistical tests for heterogeneity were applied. Results : We summarized data from five cohort studies and 13 case–control studies. The pooled OR for multiple myeloma was (OR 2.04; 95 % CI 1.31–3.17) in relation to [...]

Menée auprès de 22 366 salariés de l'ex-Union soviétique employés sur le complexe nucléaire Mayak entre 1948 et 1982, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une exposition externe aux rayonnements gamma et une exposition interne au plutonium et le risque de tumeurs solides autres que le cancer du poumon, du foie ou des os

Solid cancer incidence other than lung, liver and bone in Mayak workers: 1948-2004

Hunter, N. ; Kuznetsova, I. S. ; Labutina, E. V. ; Harrison, J. D.

Background: Cancer incidence in the Mayak Production Association (PA) cohort was analysed to investigate for the first time whether external gamma-ray and internal plutonium exposure are associated with raised incidence of solid cancers other than lung, liver and bone (other solid cancers). Methods: The cohort includes 22 366 workers of both sexes who were first employed between 1948 and 1982. A total of 1 447 cases of other solid cancers were registered in the follow-up period until 2004. The [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de 34 018 salariés, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à la silice et le risque de cancer du poumon, sur la période 1960-2003

Exposure-Response Analysis and Risk Assessment for Lung Cancer in Relationship to Silica Exposure: A 44-Year Cohort Study of 34,018 Workers

Liu, Yuewei ; Steenland, Kyle ; Rong, Yi ; Hnizdo, Eva ; Huang, Xiji ; Zhang, Hai ; Shi, Tingming ; Sun, Yi ; Wu, Tangchun ; Chen, Weihong

Crystalline silica has been classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Lyon, France); however, few previous studies have provided quantitative data on silica exposure, silicosis, and/or smoking. We investigated a cohort in China (in 1960–2003) of 34,018 workers without exposure to carcinogenic confounders. Cumulative silica exposure was estimated by linking a job-exposure matrix to work history. Cox proportional hazards model was used to conduct [...]

Couplée à une cohorte chinoise de 267 400 salariées d'une usine textile, et incluant 1 687 cas et de 4 702 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à des champs magnétiques et le risque de cancer du sein

Occupational Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Breast Cancer Among Women Textile Workers in Shanghai, China

Li, Wenjin ; Ray, Roberta M. ; Thomas, David B. ; Yost, Michael ; Davis, Scott ; Breslow, Norman ; Gao, Dao Li ; Fitzgibbons, E. Dawn ; Camp, Janice E. ; Wong, Eva ; Wernli, Karen J. ; Checkoway, Harvey

Exposure to magnetic fields (MFs) is hypothesized to increase the risk of breast cancer by reducing production of melatonin by the pineal gland. A nested case-cohort study was conducted to investigate the association between occupational exposure to MFs and the risk of breast cancer within a cohort of 267,400 female textile workers in Shanghai, China. The study included 1,687 incident breast cancer cases diagnosed from 1989 to 2000 and 4,702 noncases selected from the cohort. Subjects’ complete [...]

Menée en population australienne auprès de 1 205 cas et de 1 789 témoins, cette étude évalue la relation entre divers facteurs associés au travail posté (exposition à la lumière artificielle durant la nuit, travail de nuit, troubles du sommeil, etc.) et le risque de cancer du sein

The association between different night shiftwork factors and breast cancer: a case-control study

Fritschi, L. ; Erren, T. C. ; Glass, D. C. ; Girschik, J. ; Thomson, A. K. ; Saunders, C. ; Boyle, T. ; El-Zaemey, S. ; Rogers, P. ; Peters, S. ; Slevin, T. ; D'Orsogna, A. ; de Vocht, F. ; Vermeulen, R. ; Heyworth, J. S.

Background: Research on the possible association between shiftwork and breast cancer is complicated because there are many different shiftwork factors, which might be involved including: light at night, phase shift, sleep disruption and changes in lifestyle factors while on shiftwork (diet, physical activity, alcohol intake and low sun exposure). Methods: We conducted a population-based case–control study in Western Australia from 2009 to 2011 with 1205 incident breast cancer cases and 1789 [...]

Menée au Chili auprès de 538 cas et de 640 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à l'arsenic contenu dans l'eau potable, ainsi qu'à d'autres facteurs de risque tels que le tabagisme, le tabagisme passif, l'amiante, la silice, les poussières de bois, etc., et le risque de cancer du poumon ou de la vessie

Arsenic, Tobacco Smoke, and Occupation: Associations of Multiple Agents with Lung and Bladder Cancer

Ferreccio, Catterina ; Yuan, Yan ; Calle, Jacqueline ; Benítez, Hugo ; Parra, Roxana L. ; Acevedo, Johanna ; Smith, Allan H. ; Liaw, Jane ; Steinmaus, Craig

Background: Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic in drinking water, and many are likely coexposed to other agents that could substantially increase their risks of arsenic-related cancer. Methods: We performed a case-control study of multiple chemical exposures in 538 lung and bladder cancer cases and 640 controls in northern Chile, an area with formerly high drinking water arsenic concentrations. Detailed information was collected on lifetime arsenic exposure, smoking, secondhand [...]

Menée en Grande-Bretagne auprès de 10 618 cas et de 16 760 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre le fait d'habiter près d'une centrale nucléaire et le risque de leucémie chez des enfants de moins de cinq ans

Leukaemia in young children in the vicinity of British nuclear power plants: a case-control study

Bithell, J. F. ; Murphy, M. F. G. ; Stiller, C. A. ; Toumpakari, E. ; Vincent, T. ; Wakeford, R.

Background: Concern about the risk of leukaemia in children living near nuclear power plants (NPPs) persists. Previous British analyses have been area based and consequently thought to be less effective than case–control studies. Methods: Cases of childhood leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (LNHL) born and diagnosed in Great Britain between 1962 and 2007, with matched cancer-free controls, were analysed by logistic regression to estimate the risk of residential proximity at birth and diagnosis [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "California Teachers Study" incluant 118 164 participantes, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs, l'utilisation d'hormones exogènes et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Reproductive Factors, Exogenous Hormones, and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in the CTS

Lee, Eunjung ; Horn-Ross, Pamela L. ; Rull, Rudolph P. ; Neuhausen, Susan L. ; Anton-Culver, Hoda ; Ursin, Giske ; Henderson, Katherine D. ; Bernstein, Leslie

Female steroid hormones are hypothesized to play a protective role in pancreatic cancer risk. However, results from epidemiologic studies that examined hormone-related exposures have been inconsistent. The California Teachers Study is a cohort study of female public school professionals that was established in 1995–1996. Of the 118,164 eligible study participants, 323 women were diagnosed with incident invasive pancreatic cancer through December 31, 2009. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards [...]

Couplée aux données de l'étude "Women’s Health Initiative" incluant 16 608 femmes et portant sur 348 cas et 348 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau d'hormones sexuelles avant l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer du sein consécutif à un traitement combinant œstrogènes et progestérone

Sex Hormone Levels and Risk of Breast Cancer With Estrogen Plus Progestin

Farhat, Ghada N. ; Parimi, Neeta ; Chlebowski, Rowan T. ; Manson, JoAnn E. ; Anderson, Garnet ; Huang, Alison J. ; Vittinghoff, Eric ; Lee, Jennifer S. ; LaCroix, Andrea Z. ; Cauley, Jane A. ; Jackson, Rebecca ; Grady, Deborah ; Lane, Dorothy S. ; Phillips, Lawrence ; Simon, Michael S. ; Cummings, Steven R.

Background : Although high endogenous sex hormone levels and estrogen plus progestin (E+P) therapy are associated with increased breast cancer risk, it is unknown whether pretreatment levels of sex hormones modify E+P effect on breast cancer. Methods : We conducted a nested case–control study within the Women’s Health Initiative randomized clinical trial of E+P. The trial enrolled 16608 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years with intact uterus and no breast cancer history. During a mean of [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (6 études dont 2 études cas-témoins et 4 études de cohorte portant sur 159 837 participantes), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la durée du sommeil et le risque de cancer du sein

Sleep duration and breast cancer risk: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Qin, Yingyi ; Zhou, Yuhao ; Zhang, Xiao ; Wei, Xin ; He, Jia

Studies on the association of short or long sleep duration with breast cancer risk have reported inconsistent results. We quantitatively assessed this association by conducting a meta-analysis based on the evidence from observational studies. In April 2013, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase and the Cochrane Library to identify studies examining the effect of sleep duration on breast cancer incidence. The odds ratio (OR) was used to measure any such association in a [...]

A partir de données portant sur 302 femmes ménopausées (âge: 50 à 74 ans), cette étude longitudinale évalue l'association entre l'évolution des niveaux de concentration de l'hormone IGF-1 circulante et de la protéine IGFBP3 et la densité mammaire

Longitudinal changes in IGF1 and IGFBP3, and mammographic density among postmenopausal women

Woolcott, Christy G. ; Courneya, Kerry S. ; Boyd, Norman F. ; Yaffe, Martin J. ; McTiernan, Anne ; Brant, Rollin ; Jones, Charlotte A. ; Stanczyk, Frank Z. ; Terry, Tim ; Cook, Linda S. ; Wang, Qinggang ; Friedenreich, Christine M.

A relation between the breast cancer risk factors, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and mammographic density, is biologically plausible, but results from cross-sectional epidemiologic studies have been mixed. Our objective was to examine the relation in a longitudinal manner, i.e., between the change in circulating IGF-1 concentrations and the change in mammographic measures over one year. Data from an exercise intervention trial conducted in 302 postmenopausal women aged 50 -74 years were [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents sur les gènes de susceptibilité au cancer du sein et analyse leur intérêt pour la pratique clinique

Hereditary breast cancer: ever more pieces to the polygenic puzzle

Bogdanova, Natalia ; Helbig, Sonja ; Dörk, Thilo

Several susceptibility genes differentially impact on the lifetime risk for breast cancer. Technological advances over the past years have enabled the detection of genetic risk factors through high-throughput screening of large breast cancer case--control series. High- to intermediate penetrance alleles have now been identified in more than 20 genes involved in DNA damage signalling and repair, and more than 70 low-penetrance loci have been discovered through recent genome-wide association [...]