Menée en Chine auprès de 942 cas et 942 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation de viandes en salaison, une consommation d'alcool, le tabagisme et le risque de carcinome épidermoïde de l'œsophage

Consumption of salted meat and its interactions with alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking on esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma

Lin, Sihao ; Wang, Xiaorong ; Huang, Chengyu ; Liu, Xudong ; Zhao, Jin ; Yu, Ignatius T. S. ; Christiani, David C.

Etiology of esophageal cancer has not yet been clearly documented, especially in high-risk regions. To evaluate the association between salted meat intake and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to explore its joint effects with alcohol drinking and smoking, a population-based case–control study was conducted in a high ESCC risk area in China, including 942 incident ESCC cases and 942 age- and sex-matching controls. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to collect [...]

Menée au Danemark à partir des données de 255 053 enfants nés entre 1930 et 1971, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle durant l'enfance et le risque ultérieur d'adénocarcinome de l'œsophage

Childhood body mass index in relation to future risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma

Cook, M. B. ; Freedman, N. D. ; Gamborg, M. ; Sorensen, T. I. A. ; Baker, J. L.

Background: Middle-aged obese adults are at substantially elevated risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. It is unclear whether this risk originates earlier in life. Methods: We assessed associations between childhood body mass index (BMI) and height—measured annually between ages 7 and 13—with adult oesophageal adenocarcinoma in a cohort from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register. Analyses included 255 053 children born during 1930–1971. Danish Cancer Registry linkage provided outcomes. [...]

Cette étude américaine passe en revue les composants alimentaires entraînant des altérations de l'épigénome des cellules de la prostate et ayant un impact sur le développement d'une tumeur

Role of diet in prostate cancer: the epigenetic link

Labbe, D. P. ; Zadra, G. ; Ebot, E. M. ; Mucci, L. A. ; Kantoff, P. W. ; Loda, M. ; Brown, M.

Diet is hypothesized to be a critical environmentally related risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa) development, and specific diets and dietary components can also affect PCa progression; however, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain elusive. As for a maturing organism, PCa/'s epigenome is plastic and evolves from the pre-neoplastic to the metastatic stage. In particular, epigenetic remodeling relies on substrates or cofactors obtained from the diet. Here we review the evidence [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 52 850 participants (454 cas de cancer), cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une exposition à des facteurs de risque d'origine professionnelle, des symptômes d'allergie et le risque de lymphome non hodgkinien chez des agriculteurs et leurs épouses

Farm characteristics, allergy symptoms, and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms in the Agricultural Health Study

Hofmann, Jonathan N. ; Hoppin, Jane A. ; Lynch, Charles F. ; Poole, Jill A. ; Purdue, Mark P. ; Blair, Aaron ; Alavanja, Michael C. ; Beane Freeman, Laura E.

Background: Because of unique exposures, studies among farmers may yield insights into the relationship between allergies and non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms (NHL). We evaluated farm characteristics, allergic symptoms and conditions, and risk of NHL including specific subtypes in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort of farmers and spouses from North Carolina and Iowa. Methods: We identified 710 incident cases of NHL (including chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma) [...]

Menée en Finlande, Islande, Norvège et Suède et incluant 12,9 millions d'individus âgés de 30 à 64 ans sur la période 1960-1990, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre des expositions professionnelles à divers facteurs de risque dans plusieurs secteurs d'activité et le risque de carcinome épidermoïde et d'adénocarcinome de l'œsophage

Occupation and risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous-cell carcinoma: The Nordic Occupational Cancer Study

Jansson, Catarina ; Oh, Jin-Kyoung ; Martinsen, Jan Ivar ; Lagergren, Jesper ; Plato, Nils ; Kjaerheim, Kristina ; Pukkala, Eero ; Sparén, Pär ; Tryggvadottir, Laufey ; Weiderpass, Elisabete

To assess associations between occupation and risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), data from the Nordic Occupational Cancer Study, a large population-based cohort with long-term follow-up, was used. The Nordic Occupational Cancer Study includes 12.9 million individuals aged 30–64 years who participated in national censuses in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden in 1960–1990. Individuals were assigned to one of the 54 occupational categories, and individuals [...]

Menée en Espagne auprès de 1 095 cas et 1 388 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le travail posté de nuit, le chronotype et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Night shift work, chronotype and prostate cancer risk in the MCC-Spain case-control study

Papantoniou, Kyriaki ; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma ; Espinosa, Ana ; Aragonés, Nuria ; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz ; Burgos, Javier ; Gómez-Acebo, Inés ; Llorca, Javier ; Peiró, Rosana ; Jimenez-Moleón, Jose Juan ; Arredondo, Francisco ; Tardon, Adonina ; Pollan, Marina ; Kogevinas, Manolis

Night shift work has been classified as a probable human carcinogen based on experimental studies and limited human evidence on breast cancer. Evidence on other common cancers, such as prostate cancer, is scarce. Chronotype is an individual characteristic that may relate to night work adaptation. We evaluated night shift work with relation to prostate cancer, taking into account chronotype and disease severity in a population based case-control study in Spain. We included 1,095 prostate cancer [...]

Menée sur 5 lignées cellulaires et des échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur 26 patientes atteintes d'une néoplasie intraépithéliale du col de l'utérus et sur 104 patientes atteintes d'un carcinome du col de l'utérus, cette étude identifie des régions génomiques et des mécanismes en relation avec l'intégration du génome du papillomavirus humain dans l'ADN de l'hôte

Genome-wide profiling of HPV integration in cervical cancer identifies clustered genomic hot spots and a potential microhomology-mediated integration mechanism

Hu, Zheng ; Zhu, Da ; Wang, Wei ; Li, Weiyang ; Jia, Wenlong ; Zeng, Xi ; Ding, Wencheng ; Yu, Lan ; Wang, Xiaoli ; Wang, Liming ; Shen, Hui ; Zhang, Changlin ; Liu, Hongjie ; Liu, Xiao ; Zhao, Yi ; Fang, Xiaodong ; Li, Shuaicheng ; Chen, Wei ; Tang, Tang ; Fu, Aisi ; Wang, Zou ; Chen, Gang ; Gao, Qinglei ; Li, Shuang ; Xi, Ling ; Wang, Changyu ; Liao, Shujie ; Ma, Xiangyi ; Wu, Peng ; Li, Kezhen ; Wang, Shixuan ; Zhou, Jianfeng ; Wang, Jun ; Xu, Xun ; Wang, Hui ; Ma, Ding

Human papillomavirus (HPV) integration is a key genetic event in cervical carcinogenesis. By conducting whole-genome sequencing and high-throughput viral integration detection, we identified 3,667 HPV integration breakpoints in 26 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias, 104 cervical carcinomas and five cell lines. Beyond recalculating frequencies for the previously reported frequent integration sites POU5F1B (9.7%), FHIT (8.7%), KLF12 (7.8%), KLF5 (6.8%), LRP1B (5.8%) and LEPREL1 (4.9%), we [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données de la cohorte "Nurses' Health Study II" incluant 99 128 participantes, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre acné sévère à l'adolescence et risque ultérieur de cancer

Teenage acne and cancer risk in US women: A prospective cohort study

Zhang, Mingfeng ; Qureshi, Abrar A. ; Fortner, Renée T. ; Hankinson, Susan E. ; Wei, Qingyi ; Wang, Li- E. ; Eliassen, A. Heather ; Willett, Walter C. ; Hunter, David J. ; Han, Jiali

BACKGROUND Acne reflects hormone imbalance and is a key component of several systemic diseases. We hypothesized that diagnosis of acne as a teenager might predict subsequent risk of hormone-related cancers. METHODS We followed 99,128 female nurses in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort for 20 years (1989-2009) and used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of 8 specific cancers (breast, thyroid, colorectal, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, melanoma, and [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 922 cas et 935 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre la longueur des télomères des leucocytes et le risque de cancer aggressif de la prostate

Circulating leukocyte telomere length and risk of overall and aggressive prostate cancer

Julin, B. ; Shui, I. ; Heaphy, C. M. ; Joshu, C. E. ; Meeker, A. K. ; Giovannucci, E. ; De Vivo, I. ; Platz, E. A.

Background: Recent large-scale prospective studies suggest that long telomeres are associated with an increase cancer risk, counter to conventional wisdom. Methods: To further clarify the association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and prostate cancer, and assess genetic variability in relation to both LTL and prostate cancer, we performed a nested case–control study (922 cases and 935 controls). The participants provided blood in 1993–1995 and were followed through August 2004 [...]

Couplée aux données de l'essai PLCO et portant sur 273 cas et 355 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre les niveaux sériques de peptide C et le risque d'adénome colorectal

A prospective evaluation of C-peptide levels and colorectal adenoma incidence

Murphy, Neil ; Cross, Amanda J. ; Huang, Wen-Yi ; Rajabzadeh-Heshejin, Vian ; Stanczyk, Frank ; Hayes, Richard ; Gunter, Marc J.

Background : Obesity is a recognised positive risk factor for colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia, and circulating insulin and C-peptide, a biomarker of insulin levels, have been positively associated with colorectal cancer risk. However, whether a similar relationship exists for colorectal adenomas, an established colorectal cancer precursor, is unclear. Methods : In a nested case-control study of 273 [...]

A partir d'échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur 103 patients afro-américains et 129 patients caucasiens atteints d'un cancer colorectal, cette étude identifie notamment deux gènes, EPHA6 et FLCN, dont les mutations sont spécifiquement associées à une origine ethnique afro-américaine

Novel recurrently mutated genes in African American colon cancers

Guda, Kishore ; Veigl, Martina L. ; Varadan, Vinay ; Nosrati, Arman ; Ravi, Lakshmeswari ; Lutterbaugh, James ; Beard, Lydia ; Willson, James K. V. ; Sedwick, W. David ; Wang, Zhenghe John ; Molyneaux, Neil ; Miron, Alexander ; Adams, Mark D. ; Elston, Robert C. ; Markowitz, Sanford D. ; Willis, Joseph E.

We used whole-exome and targeted sequencing to characterize somatic mutations in 103 colorectal cancers (CRC) from African Americans, identifying 20 new genes as significantly mutated in CRC. Resequencing 129 Caucasian derived CRCs confirmed a 15-gene set as a preferential target for mutations in African American CRCs. Two predominant genes, ephrin type A receptor 6 (EPHA6) and folliculin (FLCN), with mutations exclusive to African American CRCs, are by genetic and biological criteria highly [...]

Menée sur 3 familles non apparentées affectées par une thrombocytopénie et une néoplasie hématologique, cette étude identifie des mutations constitutionnelles du gène ETV6 associées à un risque de cancer

Germline ETV6 mutations in familial thrombocytopenia and hematologic malignancy

Zhang, Michael Y. ; Churpek, Jane E. ; Keel, Sioban B. ; Walsh, Tom ; Lee, Ming K. ; Loeb, Keith R. ; Gulsuner, Suleyman ; Pritchard, Colin C. ; Sanchez-Bonilla, Marilyn ; Delrow, Jeffrey J. ; Basom, Ryan S. ; Forouhar, Melissa ; Gyurkocza, Boglarka ; Schwartz, Bradford S. ; Neistadt, Barbara ; Marquez, Rafael ; Mariani, Christopher J. ; Coats, Scott A. ; Hofmann, Inga ; Lindsley, R. Coleman ; Williams, David A. ; Abkowitz, Janis L. ; Horwitz, Marshall S. ; King, Mary-Claire ; Godley, Lucy A. ; Shimamura, Akiko

We report germline missense mutations in ETV6 segregating with the dominant transmission of thrombocytopenia and hematologic malignancy in three unrelated kindreds, defining a new hereditary syndrome featuring thrombocytopenia with susceptibility to diverse hematologic neoplasms. Two variants, p.Arg369Gln and p.Arg399Cys, reside in the highly conserved ETS DNA-binding domain. The third variant, p.Pro214Leu, lies within the internal linker domain, which regulates DNA binding. These three amino [...]

A partir des données d'une étude d'association sur le génome entier menée dans six pays européens sur la période 1998-2002 et ayant identifié des interactions gènes-environnement, cette étude incluant 1 802 cas et 1 725 témoins évalue l'association entre 312 605 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de gènes précédemment identifiés, des expositions professionnelles à divers facteurs de risque de cancer et le risque de cancer du poumon

Effect of Occupational Exposures on Lung Cancer Susceptibility: A Study of Gene-Environment Interaction Analysis

Malhotra, Jyoti ; Sartori, Samantha ; Brennan, Paul ; Zaridze, David ; Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila ; Swiatkowska, Beata ; Rudnai, Peter ; Lissowska, Jolanta ; Fabinova, Eleonora ; Mates, Dana ; Bencko, Vladimir ; Gaborieau, Valérie ; Stücker, Isabelle ; Foretova, Lenka ; Janout, Vladimir ; Boffetta, Paolo

Background: Occupational exposures are known risk factors for lung cancer. Role of genetically determined host factors in occupational exposure-related lung cancer is unclear. Methods: We used genome-wide association (GWA) data from a case-control study conducted in six European countries from 1998-2002 to identify gene-occupation interactions and related pathways for lung cancer risk. GWA analysis was performed for each exposure using logistic regression and interaction term for genotypes and [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 1 524 individus issus de 557 familles, cette étude analyse l'efficacité d'une méthodologie permettant de collecter les données relatives à des antécédents de cancer chez des familles à haut risque

Validation of Family Cancer History Data in High-Risk Families: The Influence of Cancer Site, Ethnicity, Kinship Degree, and Multiple Family Reporters

Tehranifar, Parisa ; Wu, Hui-Chen ; Shriver, Tom ; Cloud, Ann J. ; Terry, Mary Beth

Information on family cancer history (FCH) is often collected for first-degree relatives, but more extensive FCH information is critical for greater accuracy in risk assessment. Using self-reported diagnosis of cancer as the gold standard, we examined differences in the sensitivity and specificity of relative-reported FCH by cancer site, race/ethnicity, language preference, and kinship degree (1,524 individuals from 557 families; average number of relatives per family = 2.7). We evaluated the [...]

Cet article présente une méthode d'analyse permettant, à l'aide de données obtenues par séquençage et par biopuces, d'identifier des associations entre des mutations rares et une maladie

Integrative analysis of sequencing and array genotype data for discovering disease associations with rare mutations

Hu, Yi-Juan ; Li, Yun ; Auer, Paul L. ; Lin, Dan-Yu

In the large cohorts that have been used for genome-wide association studies (GWAS), it is prohibitively expensive to sequence all cohort members. A cost-effective strategy is to sequence subjects with extreme values of quantitative traits or those with specific diseases. By imputing the sequencing data from the GWAS data for the cohort members who are not selected for sequencing, one can dramatically increase the number of subjects with information on rare variants. However, ignoring the [...]