Menée à partir des données d'une enquête conduite en 2012 par la commission européenne auprès de 26 566 participants (âge : 15 ans ou plus), cette étude met en évidence chez les fumeurs une association entre des caractéristiques des cigarettes (aspect, goût, packaging) et une susceptibilité accrue au tabagisme ou une perception réduite des dangers liés au tabac

Cigarette design and marketing features are associated with increased smoking susceptibility and perception of reduced harm among smokers in 27 EU countries

Agaku, Israel T ; Omaduvie, Uyoyo T ; Filippidis, Filippos T ; Vardavas, Constantine I

Background : This study assessed the role of cigarette design and marketing characteristics in initial smoking, cigarette brand choice and the perception of reduced harm of cigarette brands among adults in the European Union in 2012. Methods : Data were from the Eurobarometer 385 (V.77.1) survey conducted in 2012 (n=26 566). Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between cigarette design/marketing features with aspects of initial smoking (among current and former [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires humaines ou murines de cancer du côlon, cette étude évalue l'effet de l'acide alpha

Down-regulation of malignant potential by alpha linolenic acid in human and mouse colon cancer cells

Chamberland, JohnP ; Moon, Hyun-Seuk

Omega-3 fatty acids (also called

Menée à partir des données de deux essais évaluant respectivement l'alendronate et l'acide zolédronique et incluant respectivement 6 459 femmes âgées de 55 à 81 ans (durée moyenne de suivi : 3,8 ans) et 7 765 femmes âgées de 65 à 89 ans (durée moyenne de suivi : 2,8 ans), cette étude évalue l'effet de l'utilisation de bisphosphonates sur le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause

Effect of bisphosphonate use on risk of postmenopausal breast cancer: Results from the randomized clinical trials of alendronate and zoledronic acid

Hue, T. F. ; Cummings, S. R. ; Cauley, J. A. ; et al.,

Importance : Studies have shown that bisphosphonates may have antitumor and antimetastatic properties. Recently, observational studies have suggested a possible protective effect of bisphosphonates on breast cancer, but the effect of bisphosphonate use on risk of breast cancer has not been tested in randomized trials. Objective : To assess the relationship of postmenopausal breast cancer incidence and bisphosphonate use using data from 2 randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled [...]

Mené à partir des données du registre danois des cancers portant sur 1 562 patients atteints d'un glioblastome multiforme détecté entre 2000 et 2009 (durée médiane de suivi : 6,9 mois), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de statines avant le diagnostic de la maladie et la survie des patients

Statin use and survival following glioblastoma multiforme

Gaist, David ; Hallas, Jesper ; Friis, Søren ; Hansen, Steinbjørn ; Sørensen, Henrik Toft

Aim : While some studies indicate a potential chemopreventive effect of statin use on the risk of glioma, the effect of statins on the prognosis of brain tumours has not yet been examined. We thus conducted a cohort study evaluating the influence of statin use on survival in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Methods : We identified 1562 patients diagnosed with GBM during 2000–2009 from the Danish Cancer Registry and linked this cohort to Danish nationwide demographic and health [...]

Menée dans deux provinces canadiennes à partir d'enquêtes auprès de 236 acteurs de politiques publiques de prévention contre le cancer et auprès d'un échantillon de 1 203 personnes représentatives de la population générale, cette étude analyse leurs points de vue concernant les actions à mettre en oeuvre pour réduire les comportements à risque de cancer (tabagisme, consommation abusive d'alcool, mauvaise alimentation, inactivité physique)

Cancer beliefs and prevention policies: comparing Canadian decision-maker and general population views

Nykiforuk, CandaceI J. ; Wild, T. Cameron ; Raine, KimD

Purpose : The knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of key policy influencers and the general public can support or hinder the development of public policies that support cancer prevention. To address gaps in knowledge concerning healthy public policy development, views on cancer causation and endorsement of policy alternatives for cancer prevention among government influencers (elected members of legislative assemblies and senior ministry bureaucrats), non-governmental influencers (school board [...]

Menée auprès de 519 adultes ayant survécu à un cancer pédiatrique, cette étude compare, du point de vue du taux de sevrage tabagique à 12 mois, l'efficacité de deux programmes d'interventions comportant des séances de conseils téléphoniques et un traitement substitutif nicotinique

Efficacy of a Tobacco Quitline among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Klesges, Robert C. ; Krukowski, Rebecca A. ; Klosky, James L. ; Liu, Wei ; Srivastava, Deo Kumar ; Boyett, James M. ; Lanctot, Jennifer Q. ; Hudson, Melissa M. ; Folsom, Charla ; Robison, Leslie L.

Introduction : The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the efficacy of two evidence-based tobacco quitlines in adult survivors of childhood cancer who regularly smoke cigarettes. Methods : A total of 519 adult survivors of childhood cancer were randomized to either Proactive+4 weeks of medication (Counselor initiated intervention, n = 260) or a Reactive+2 weeks of medication (Participant initiated intervention, n = 259) condition. Both conditions received telephone counseling [...]

Menée à partir d'entretiens auprès de 18 056 participants âgés de 15 ans ou plus, cette étude européenne (18 pays) analyse la relation entre un score mesurant le niveau des politiques nationales de lutte contre le tabagisme et la volonté des participants de ne pas fumer à leur domicile

Relation between national-level tobacco control policies and individual-level voluntary home smoking bans in Europe

Ferketich, Amy K ; Lugo, Alessandra ; La Vecchia, Carlo ; Fernández, Esteve ; Boffetta, Paolo ; Clancy, Luke ; GALLUS, Silvano

Background : Little is known about the relationship between national tobacco control policies and implementation of private home smoking bans. Objective : To determine the relationship between the Tobacco Control Scale (TCS), a score measuring national-level strength of tobacco control policies, and the prevalence of in-home smoking bans and beliefs on other tobacco control policies, among the Member States (MS) of the European Union (EU) that participated in the Pricing Policy And Control of [...]

Menée sur 1 230 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate et 1 362 témoins, cette étude évalue l'influence de facteurs environnementaux (supplémentation en sélénium, utilisation d'aspirine ou d'ibuprofène, consommation de légumes) sur le risque de cancer héréditaire de la prostate

Do Environmental Factors Modify the Genetic Risk of Prostate Cancer?

Loeb, Stacy ; Peskoe, Sarah B. ; Joshu, Corinne E. ; Huang, Wen-Yi ; Hayes, Richard B. ; Carter, H. Ballentine ; Isaacs, William B. ; Platz, Elizabeth A.

Background : Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence prostate cancer (PCa) risk. To what extent genetic risk can be reduced by environmental factors is unknown. Methods : We evaluated effect modification by environmental factors of the association between susceptibility SNPs and PCa in 1,230 incident PCa cases and 1,362 controls, all white and similar ages, nested in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Trial. Genetic risk scores were calculated as number of [...]