Menée à l'aide de données des registres américains des cancers portant sur 38 411 patients de moins de 20 ans atteints d'une leucémie lymphoblastique aiguë ou d'un lymphome non hodgkinien, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'exposition aux rayons ultraviolets et le risque de développer ces maladies

Solar ultraviolet radiation exposure, and incidence of childhood acute lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a US population-based dataset

Little, Mark P. ; Mai, Jim Z. ; Fang, Michelle ; Chernyavskiy, Pavel ; Kennerley, Victoria ; Cahoon, Elizabeth K. ; Cockburn, Myles G. ; Kendall, Gerald M. ; Kimlin, Michael G.

Background: Acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are among the commonest types of childhood cancer. Some previous studies suggested that elevated ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposures increase ALL risk; many more indicate NHL risk is reduced. Methods: We assessed age<20 ALL/NHL incidence in Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results data using AVGLO-derived UVR irradiance/cumulative radiant exposure measures, using quasi-likelihood models accounting for [...]

Menée à partir des données génotypiques de 11 220 personnes ayant survécu 5 ans à un cancer pédiatrique, cette étude analyse, en fonction d'un score de risque polygénique, l'association entre les traitements anticancéreux reçus (radiothérapie et médicaments) et le risque de cancer

Polygenic risk scores, radiation treatment exposures and subsequent cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors

Gibson, Todd M. ; Karyadi, Danielle M. ; Hartley, Stephen W. ; Arnold, Michael A. ; Berrington de Gonzalez, Amy ; Conces, Miriam R. ; Howell, Rebecca M. ; Kapoor, Vidushi ; Leisenring, Wendy M. ; Neglia, Joseph P. ; Sampson, Joshua N. ; Turcotte, Lucie M. ; Chanock, Stephen J. ; Armstrong, Gregory T. ; Morton, Lindsay M.

Survivors of childhood cancer are at increased risk for subsequent cancers attributable to the late effects of radiotherapy and other treatment exposures; thus, further understanding of the impact of genetic predisposition on risk is needed. Combining genotype data for 11,220 5-year survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and the St Jude Lifetime Cohort, we found that cancer-specific polygenic risk scores (PRSs) derived from general population, genome-wide association study, cancer [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 561 personnes (53 % d'hommes ; âge moyen : 49 ans), cette étude analyse le risque de cancer associé aux tomodensitométries réalisées pour le diagnostic de la COVID-19

COVID-19 and cancer risk arising from ionizing radiation exposure through CT scans: a cross-sectional study

Mahmoudi, Golshan ; Toolee, Heidar ; Maskani, Reza ; Jokar, Farzaneh ; Mokfi, Milad ; Hosseinzadeh, Ali

Background: The surge in the utilization of CT scans for COVID-19 diagnosis and monitoring during the pandemic is undeniable. This increase has brought to the forefront concerns about the potential long-term health consequences, especially radiation-induced cancer risk. This study aimed to quantify the potential cancer risk associated with CT scans performed for COVID-19 detection. Methods: In this cross-sectional study data from a total of 561 patients, who were referred to the radiology [...]

Menée à l'aide de données de registres portant sur 22 601 témoins et 4 552 patients atteints d'un cancer de l'oesophage, cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation de prednisolone orale ou de warfarine et le risque de développer la maladie

Oral prednisolone and warfarin and risk of oesophageal cancer: A case-control study

Cardwell, Chris R. ; McDowell, Ronald D. ; Hughes, Carmel M. ; Busby, John ; Murchie, Peter

Background: A recent epidemiological study systematically screened 250 prescription medications for associations with oesophageal cancer risk, using Scottish data, and identified an increased risk with use of prednisolone and warfarin. We investigated whether oral prednisolone or warfarin use was associated with increased oesophageal cancer risk. Methods: A case-control study was conducted within the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. In the primary analysis oesophageal cancer cases were [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données sur le génome entier portant notamment sur 800 391 patients atteints d'un cancer, cette étude analyse l'association entre 913 métabolites plasmatiques et le risque de développer la maladie (7 localisations : sein, côlon-rectum, poumon, ovaire, prostate, rein, testicule)

Plasma metabolites and risk of seven cancers: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study among European descendants

Chen, Yaxin ; Xie, Yufang ; Ci, Hang ; Cheng, Zhengpei ; Kuang, Yongjie ; Li, Shuqing ; Wang, Gang ; Qi, Yawen ; Tang, Jun ; Liu, Dan ; Li, Weimin ; Yang, Yaohua

Background: While circulating metabolites have been increasingly linked to cancer risk, the causality underlying these associations remains largely uninterrogated. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate the potential causal relationship between 913 plasma metabolites and the risk of seven cancers among European-ancestry individuals. Data on variant-metabolite associations were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of plasma [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mai 2022 (33 études), cette méta-analyse met en évidence, pour le cancer du sein triple négatif, des facteurs de risque distincts de ceux du cancer du sein en général

The unique risk factor profile of triple negative breast cancer: a comprehensive meta-analysis

Kumar, Nitya ; Ehsan, Sarah ; Banerjee, Shahana ; Fernandez Perez, Claudia ; Lhuilier, Isabelle ; Neuner, Jillian ; Friebel-Klinger, Tara ; Fayanju, Oluwadamilola M ; Nair, Bindhu ; Niinuma, Sara Anjum ; Nampoothiri, Shivangi ; McCarthy, Anne Marie

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether known risk factors for breast cancer are also associated with TNBC in adult females.EMBASE, Medline, SCOPUS, and grey literature were queried with no limit on the date or language of publication. The exposures of interest included parity, breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding, age at menarche, age at first live birth, oral contraceptive [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données, cette étude analyse l'association entre le niveau des lipides plasmatiques, l'utilisation de médicaments hypolipémiants et le risque de cancer du sein

Circulating lipids, lipid-lowering drug targets, and breast cancer risk: Comprehensive evidence from Mendelian randomization and summary data-based Mendelian randomization

Zhang, Zhongxu ; Zhang, Daxin

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common and fatal cancer among women, yet the causal relationship between circulating lipids, lipid-lowering drugs, and BC remains unclear. Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) and summary data-based MR (SMR) analysis are used to explore the causal relationship between plasma lipids, lipid-lowering drug targets, and BC. Results: The result of MR suggested that per mg/dL higher levels of LDL-C (OR = 1.045, FDR = 0.023), HDL-C (OR = 1.079, FDR = 0.003), [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données portant sur les caractéristiques génétiques de 14 types de cellules immunitaires, cette étude identifie 10 gènes associés au risque de cancer du col de l'utérus

Revealing genes associated with cervical cancer in distinct immune cells: A comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis

Li, Ning ; Yi, Huan ; Sun, Wen ; Sundquist, Jan ; Sundquist, Kristina ; Zhang, Xiaoyu ; Zheng, Deqiang ; Ji, Jianguang

Human papillomavirus can be contracted by sexually active women. However, only a small proportion of these infections persist and have the potential to progress into cervical cancers, indicating a significant involvement of the immune system in cervical cancer development. Despite this, our understanding of the precise contributions of genes from different immune cell types in cervical cancers remains limited. Therefore, the primary objective of our study was to investigate the potential causal [...]