Menée à partir des données des cohortes "the Nurses’ Health Study" (73 196 femmes ; durée de suivi : 2 270 411 personnes-années) et "the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study" (38 366 hommes ; durée de suivi : 930 201 personnes-années), cette étude analyse l'effet de l'adhésion à un mode de vie sain (ne pas fumer, indice de masse corporelle dit normal, activité physique modérée à vigoureuse au moins 30 minutes par jour, consommation modérée d'alcool et un score de qualité de l'alimentation élévé) sur l'espérance de vie sans diabète, sans maladies cardiovasculaires et sans cancer

Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy free of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: prospective cohort study

Li, Yanping ; Schoufour, Josje ; Wang, Dong D ; Dhana, Klodian ; Pan, An ; Liu, Xiaoran ; Song, Mingyang ; Liu, Gang ; Shin, Hyun Joon ; Sun, Qi ; Al-Shaar, Laila ; Wang, Molin ; Rimm, Eric B ; Hertzmark, Ellen ; Stampfer, Meir J ; Willett, Walter C ; Franco, Oscar H ; Hu, Frank B

Objective: To examine how a healthy lifestyle is related to life expectancy that is free from major chronic diseases. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting and participants: The Nurses’ Health Study (1980-2014; n=73 196) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2014; n=38 366). Main exposures: Five low risk lifestyle factors: never smoking, body mass index 18.5-24.9, moderate to vigorous physical activity (≥30 minutes/day), moderate alcohol intake (women: 5-15 g/day; men 5-30 [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 2 999 stagiaires de l'US Air Force (durée de suivi : 12 semaines), cette étude évalue l'effet à court terme d'une intervention d'information de 40 minutes pour prévenir le tabagisme chez les militaires

Evaluating the Effects of a Brief Tobacco Intervention in the U.S. Air Force

Little, Melissa A ; Fahey, Margaret C ; Klesges, Robert C ; McMurry, Timothy ; Talcott, Gerald W

Military personnel have among the highest rates of tobacco use in the US. Unfortunately, there are few interventions aimed at reducing tobacco use among this vulnerable population. The current study addresses this need by evaluating the short-term effectiveness of a Brief Tobacco Intervention (BTI), a 40-minute group-based intervention designed to reduce contemporary patterns of tobacco use among a sample of US military enlistees during an 11-week period of involuntary tobacco [...]

Menée par questionnaire auprès de 9 cohortes incluant 755 459 participants au total (âge médian : 62 ans ; durée de suivi : 10,1 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la pratique d'une activité physique de loisir (quantité et intensité) et l'incidence de 15 types de cancers (50 620 cas)

Amount and Intensity of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Lower Cancer Risk

Charles E. Matthews ; Steven C. Moore ; Hannah Arem ; Michael B. Cook ; Britton Trabert ; Niclas Håkansson ; Susanna C. Larsson ; Alicja Wolk ; Susan M. Gapstur ; Brigid M. Lynch ; Roger L. Milne ; Neal D. Freedman ; Wen-Yi Huang ; Amy Berrington de Gonzalez ; Cari M. Kitahara ; Martha S. Linet ; Eric J. Shiroma ; Sven Sandin ; Alpa V. Patel ; I-Min Lee

PURPOSE : To determine whether recommended amounts of leisure-time physical activity (ie, 7.5-15 metabolic equivalent task [MET] hours/week) are associated with lower cancer risk, describe the shape of the dose-response relationship, and explore associations with moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity. METHODS : Data from 9 prospective cohorts with self-reported leisure-time physical activity and follow-up for cancer incidence were pooled. Multivariable Cox regression was used to [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à l'aide de données portant sur 146 326 femmes (âge : 40-69 ans ; durée médiane de suivi : 7 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet de la qualité du mode de vie (mesurée par un système d'indice) sur l'association entre la présence de variants liés au risque de cancer du sein et le risque de développer une forme invasive de la maladie, en fonction du statut ménopausique

Genetic factors, adherence to healthy lifestyle behavior, and risk of invasive breast cancer among women in the UK Biobank

Arthur, Rhonda S ; Wang, Tao ; Xue, Xiaonan ; Kamensky, Victor ; Rohan, Thomas E

Breast cancer is considered to result from a combination of genetic and lifestyle-related factors, but the degree to which an overall healthy lifestyle may attenuate the impact of multiple genetic variants on invasive breast cancer risk remains equivocal.Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, we examined the association of a modified healthy lifestyle index (HLI) with risk of invasive breast cancer by genetic risk group among 146,326 women from the UK Biobank. We generated an HLI [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à l'aide de données portant sur 174 160 femmes (durée moyenne de suivi : 5,7 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la pratique d'une activité physique (autodéclarée et mesurée par des accéléromètres) et le risque de cancer du sein (3 189 cas), en fonction du statut ménopausique

Physical activity and breast cancer risk: results from the UK Biobank prospective cohort

Guo, Wenji ; Fensom, Georgina K. ; Reeves, Gillian K. ; Key, Timothy J.

Background : Previous studies suggest a protective role of physical activity in breast cancer risk, largely based on self-reported activity. We aimed to clarify this association by examining breast cancer risk in relation to self-reported physical activity, informed by accelerometer-based measures in a large subset of participants. Methods : We analysed data from 47,456 premenopausal and 126,704 postmenopausal women in UK Biobank followed from 2006 to 2014. Physical activity was self-reported [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 1980 et 2019 (8 études ; 2 916 cas), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre les niveaux sériques de vitamine D et le risque de cancer colorectal dans la population asiatique

Association between blood circulating vitamin D and colorectal cancer risk in Asian countries: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Zhang, Lin ; Zou, Huachun ; Zhao, Yang ; Hu, Chunlei ; Atanda, Adejare ; Qin, Xuzhen ; Jia, Peng ; Jiang, Yu ; Qi, Zhihong

Objectives : To assess the association between blood circulating vitamin D levels and colorectal cancer risk in the Asian population. Design : This is a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies that investigated the relationship between blood circulating vitamin D levels and colorectal cancer risk in the Asian population. Data sources : Relevant studies were identified through a literature search in Medline, Embase and Web of Science from 1st January 1980 to [...]

Menée en Corée auprès de 400 318 personnes (âge moyen : 54,8 ans ; 56% d'hommes ; durée moyenne de suivi : 8,4 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation de statines, un taux élevé de cholestérol et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire (1 686 cas)

Higher cholesterol levels, not statin use, are associated with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

Yi, Sang-Wook ; Kim, Se Hwa ; Han, Ki Jun ; Yi, Jee-Jeon ; Ohrr, Heechoul

We aimed to examine whether statin users have a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after careful consideration of prevalent statin use and cholesterol levels. During a mean prospective follow-up of 8.4 years in 400,318 Koreans, 1686 individuals were diagnosed with HCC. When prevalent users were included, HCC risk was reduced by >50% in statin users, regardless of adjustment for total cholesterol (TC). When prevalent users were excluded, new users who initiated statins within 6 months [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 2006 et 2018 (16 articles), cette étude identifie des facteurs modifiables, au niveau de l'individu, de son entourage ou de la prise en charge, associés au schéma vaccinal complet contre le papillomavirus humain chez les adolescents américains

Factors associated with adolescent HPV vaccination in the U.S.: A systematic review of reviews and multilevel framework to inform intervention development

Rodriguez, Serena A. ; Mullen, Patricia Dolan ; Lopez, Diana M. ; Savas, Lara S. ; Fernandez, Maria E.

Multilevel factors impact HPV vaccine series initiation and completion among adolescents in the U.S. Synthesis of these factors is needed to inform intervention development and to direct future research. Current frameworks synthesizing factors focus on females only and do not include both series initiation and completion outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of reviews to identify modifiable individual-, provider-, and clinic-level factors associated with HPV vaccination outcomes among [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par enquête auprès de 1 004 femmes non-vaccinées contre le papillomavirus humain et auprès de 616 femmes ayant reçu au moins une dose du vaccin (âge médian : 22,2 ans), cette étude analyse la prévalence des infections par le HPV en fonction du nombre de doses de vaccin reçues

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection by Number of Vaccine Doses Among US Women

Sonawane, Kalyani ; Nyitray, Alan G. ; Nemutlu, Gizem S. ; Swartz, Michael D. ; Chhatwal, Jagpreet ; Deshmukh, Ashish A.

More than a decade after the introduction of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in the United States, only 51.1% of adolescents have completed the vaccine series, while a greater number (68.1%) received at least 1 dose. The suboptimal series completion rate in the United States is partly attributable to the barriers, including unawareness of or forgetting the need for additional doses, lack of insurance coverage or health care professional recommendations, and less frequent contact with the [...]

Menée en Suède à l'aide de données portant sur 242 témoins et sur 125 femmes nées entre 1980 et 2000, vaccinées contre le papillomavirus humain, ayant réalisé un dépistage du cancer du col de l'utérus et présentant des lésions intra-épithéliales, cette étude identifie les types de HPV associés à ces lésions

Human Papillomavirus types in cervical dysplasia among young HPV-vaccinated women: Population-based nested case-control study

Kann, Hanna ; Hortlund, Maria ; Eklund, Carina ; Dillner, Joakim ; Faust, Helena

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines protect against infections with the most oncogenic HPV types, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. We investigated whether development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions in HPV-vaccinated women is associated with vaccine-targeted HPV types or not. Linkage of the Swedish vaccination and cervical screening registries identified all females born 1980-2000 who had been HPV vaccinated before 2014-12-31 (n=305,320) and had [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès d'une cohorte de 13 822 individus (durée médiane de suivi : 23,2 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le respect de 7 recommandations nationales de prévention des cancers et le risque de cancer colorectal (368 cas), en fonction de l'origine ethnique et du sexe

Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention guidelines and colorectal cancer incidence among African Americans and whites: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study

Onyeaghala, Guillaume ; Lintelmann, Anna K. ; Joshu, Corrine E. ; Lutsey, Pamela L. ; Folsom, Aaron R. ; Robien, Kimberly ; Platz, Elizabeth A. ; Prizment, Anna E.

Background : Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) cancer prevention recommendations is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in whites, but only 1 previous study has reported on this link in African Americans. This study assessed the association between the 2018 WCRF/AICR guidelines and CRC incidence in African Americans (26.5%) and whites (73.5%) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities prospective cohort (n = 13,822). [...]