Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 7 933 jeunes non fumeurs (âge : 12-17 ans), cette étude analyse le rôle de facteurs psychosociaux, comportementaux et environnementaux dans la prévision de l’utilisation de la cigarette électronique

Using susceptibility measures to prospectively predict ever use of electronic cigarettes among adolescents

Seo, Dong-Chul ; Kwon, Elizabeth ; Lee, Shieun ; Seo, JangDong

Preventing adolescents from using e-cigarettes is crucial given that e-cigarette use can lead to conventional cigarette smoking. In order to inform prevention efforts, the present study examined the role of susceptibility measures as well as psychosocial, behavioral, and environmental factors in prospectively predicting ever use of electronic cigarettes among adolescents. We analyzed Wave 1 and Wave 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH), nationally representative [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur 59 191 personnes (âge : 39-70 ans ; durée moyenne de suivi : 4,6 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la capacité cardiorespiratoire et le risque de cancer colorectal (232 cas)

Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and colorectal cancer in the UK Biobank

Hillreiner, Andrea ; Baumeister, Sebastian E. ; Sedlmeier, Anja M. ; Finger, Jonas D. ; Schlitt, Hans J. ; Leitzmann, Michael F.

Increased cardiorespiratory fitness is related to decreased risk of major chronic illnesses, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer, but its association with colorectal cancer specifically has received very little attention. We examined the relation of cardiorespiratory fitness to colorectal cancer in 59,191 UK Biobank participants aged 39–70 years without prevalent cancer at baseline, followed from 2009 to 2014. Submaximal bicycle ergometry was conducted at study entry, [...]

Menée en Chine entre 2007 et 2018 auprès de 1 522 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et de 1 574 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre le risque de développer la maladie et des apports alimentaires de flavonoïdes, par sous-classes et au total

Association between flavonoids, flavonoid subclasses intake and breast cancer risk: a case-control study in China

Feng, Xiao-Li ; Ho, Suzanne C. ; Mo, Xiong-Fei ; Lin, Fang-Yu ; Zhang, Nai-Qi ; Luo, Hong ; Zhang, Xin ; Zhang, Cai-xia

Anti-tumor effect of dietary flavonoids has been sustained by laboratory experiments, but epidemiological studies with breast cancer risk remained inconsistent and insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the associations between total and subclasses of flavonoid and breast cancer risk among Chinese population. This case-control study recruited 1522 eligible breast cancer cases and 1547 frequency-matched control subjects from June 2007 to July 2018 in Guangdong, China. Dietary intake was [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude analyse l'effet de la fluvastatine (inhibiteur de la HMG-Co A réductase, utilisée en traitement de l'hypercholestérolémie) sur la tumorigenèse pulmonaire

Fluvastatin Inhibits HMG-CoA Reductase and Prevents Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinogenesis

Zhang, Tianshun ; Bai, Ruihua ; Wang, Qiushi ; Wang, Keke ; Li, Xiang ; Liu, Kangdong ; Ryu, Joohyun ; Wang, Ting ; Chang, Xiaoyu ; Ma, WeiYa ; Bode, Ann M. ; Xia, Qingxin ; Song, Yongping ; Dong, Zigang

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. However, promising agents for lung cancer prevention are still very limited. Identification of preventive targets and novel effective preventive agents is urgently needed for clinical applications. In this study, we found that fluvastatin targeted 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGCR), which a rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, and inhibited non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 25 836 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal diagnostiqué entre 2010 et 2015 et sur 129 117 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation de bisphophonates (18 230 personnes) et le risque de développer la maladie

Risk of colorectal cancer in users of bisphosphonates: analysis of population-based electronic health records

Ibañez-Sanz, Gemma ; Guinó, Elisabet ; Pontes, Caridad ; Morros, Rosa ; de la Peña-Negro, Luisa C. ; Quijada-Manuitt, Mª Ángeles ; Moreno, Víctor

The use of bisphosphonates has been associated with a decrease in the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in observational studies, but with controversial results and difficult to interpret because of routine concomitant use of calcium and vitamin D. We aimed to assess the association between CRC risk and outpatient exposure to antiosteoporotic drugs using a large cohort with prescription data in Catalonia. A case–control study was performed using the Information System for Development of Primary [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins de cancers du côlon induits par l'azoxyméthane, cette étude analyse les propriétés chimiopréventives des bisphosphonates Zometa et Fosamax, individuellement ou en association avec la metformine

Bisphosphonates Zometa and Fosamax Synergize with Metformin to Prevent AOM-induced Colon Cancer in F344 Rat Model

Madka, Venkateshwar ; Kumar, Gaurav ; Pathuri, Gopal ; Zhang, Yuting ; Lightfoot, Stanley ; Asch, Adam S ; Mohammed, Altaf ; Steele, Vernon E. ; Rao, Chinthalapally V

Clinical observational studies suggest that bisphosphonates and anti-diabetes drugs are associated with risk reduction for colorectal cancer. We assessed the chemopreventive properties of bisphosphonates Zometa and Fosamax, individually or in combination with metformin, against azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancers. Rat (30/group) colon cancers were induced by AOM. Four weeks after AOM treatment, rats were fed experimental diets containing Zometa or Fosamax (0, 20, or 100 ppm), metformin [...]

Menée à l'aide de deux modèles murins transgéniques de néoplasies cervicales intraépithéliales liées au papillomavirus humain de type 16, cette étude met en évidence l'intérêt de l'acétate de médroxyprogestérone pour traiter les lésions cervicales pré-cancéreuses exprimant le récepteur à la progestérone

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Prevention of Cervical Cancer through Progesterone Receptor in a Human Papillomavirus Transgenic Mouse Model

Baik, Seunghan ; Mehta, Fabiola F. ; Chung, Sang-Hyuk

Cervical dysplastic lesions called cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CINs) need be treated to prevent cervical cancer. Currently available surgical procedures are effective, but the development of noninvasive treatment is warranted. In human papillomavirus transgenic mice engineered to express human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7, short-term treatment with 17?-estradiol induces CINs that progress to cervical cancer if the treatment is continued. In the present study, this mouse model was [...]

Menée à partir des données de deux essais portant au total sur 12 550 femmes, cette étude évalue l'efficacité d'un vaccin ciblant les papillomavirus humains de type 16 et de type 18 pour réduire le risque d'infection par les autres types de papillomavirus humains ainsi que l'incidence des lésions cervicales

Efficacy of the AS04-adjuvanted HPV-16/18 vaccine: Pooled analysis of the Costa Rica Vaccine and PATRICIA randomized controlled trials

Tota, Joseph E ; Struyf, Frank ; Sampson, Joshua N ; González, Paula ; Ryser, Martin ; Herrero, Rolando ; Schussler, John ; Karkada, Naveen ; Rodríguez, Ana Cecilia ; Folschweiller, Nicolas ; Porras, Carolina ; Schiffman, Mark ; Schiller, John T ; Quint, Wim ; Kreimer, Aimée R ; Wheeler, Cosette M ; Hildesheim, Allan ; Costa Rica Vaccine Trial ; PATRICIA study

Background : The AS04-adjuvanted HPV-16/18 (AS04-HPV-16/18) vaccine provides excellent protection against targeted HPV types and a variable degree of cross-protection against others, including types 6/11/31/33/45. High efficacy against any cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or greater (CIN3+; >90%) suggests lower levels of protection may exist for a wide-range of oncogenic HPV types, which is difficult to quantify in individual trials. Pooling individual-level data from two randomized [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis sur la période 1995-2015 auprès de 471 590 participants, cette étude évalue l'effet des lois locales anti-tabac sur la consommation de cigarettes

County Smoke-Free Laws and Cigarette Smoking Among U.S. Adults, 1995-2015

Azagba, Sunday ; Shan, Lingpeng ; Latham, Keely

Introduction : Tobacco use remains the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Though research on smoke-free policies in the U.S. exists at the state or national level, there is limited evidence on such policies at the county level. This study examined the association between changes in county-level comprehensive smoke-free laws and smoking behavior among U.S. adults. Methods : Data were used from the 1995/1996 to the 2014/2015 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey, [...]