Menée en Australie par questionnaire auprès de 35 109 participants (durée de suivi : 19 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation de boissons gazeuses sucrées ou édulcorées et le risque de cancers, hormis ceux liés à l'obésité (4 789 cas)

Consumption of sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened soft drinks and risk of cancers not related to obesity

Bassett, Julie K ; Milne, Roger L ; English, Dallas R ; Giles, Graham G ; Hodge, Allison M

Consumption of sugary drinks increases the risk of obesity. Previously we reported a positive association between sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption and obesity-related cancer but this association was not fully explained by obesity; in contrast, we found no association for consumption of artificially-sweetened soft drinks. Our aim was to determine whether the consumption of sugar-sweetened or artificially-sweetened soft drinks was associated with cancers other than those currently [...]

Menée à partir des données des cohortes "the Nurses’ Health Study", "the Nurses’ Health Study II" et "the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study" portant sur 170 001 femmes et 47 255 hommes (durée de suivi : 28 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre un apport alimentaire en acides aminés à chaîne ramifiée et le risque de cancer colorectal (1 660 cas)

Dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and risk of colorectal cancer

Katagiri, Ryoko ; Song, Mingyang ; Zhang, Xuehong ; Lee, Dong Hoon ; Tabung, Fred K. ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. ; Nishihara, Reiko ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Joshi, Amit D. ; Iwasaki, Motoki ; Ogino, Shuji ; Willett, Walter C. ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Wu, Kana

Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential amino acids, and emerging evidence suggests that BCAAs may mediate pathways related to cancer progression, possibly due to their involvement in insulin metabolism. We investigated the association between dietary intake of BCAAs with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in three prospective cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study I [(NHS), number of participants (n) at baseline =77,017], NHS II (n=92,984), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study [(HPFS) [...]

Menée à Taïwan entre 2012 et 2016 à partir des données de 75 stations de contrôle de la qualité de l’air, cette étude analyse l'association entre la pollution atmosphérique (PM2,5,

Associations between ambient air pollution and cancer incidence in Taiwan: an ecological study of geographical variations

Su, Shih-Yung ; Liaw, Yung-Po ; Jhuang, Jing-Rong ; Hsu, Shu-Yi ; Chiang, Chun-Ju ; Yang, Ya-Wen ; Lee, Wen-Chung

Background : Air pollution is a global public health concern. The World Health Organization has recently set up a goal of saving 7 million people globally by 2030 from air pollution related death. We conducted an ecological study of geographical variation to explore the association between air pollution (specifically, particulate matter <2.5 

Menée au Canada sur la période 2001-2016 auprès de plusieurs cohortes incluant au total 1,9 million d'adultes de moins de 90 ans, cette étude analyse l'association entre une exposition aux particules ultrafines PM0.1 de l'air ambiant et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales (1 400 cas)

Within-City Spatial Variations in Ambient Ultrafine Particle Concentrations and Incident Brain Tumors in Adults

Weichenthal, Scott ; Olaniyan, Toyib ; Christidis, Tanya ; Lavigne, Eric ; Hatzopoulou, Marianne ; Van Ryswyk, Keith ; Tjepkema, Michael ; Burnett, Rick

Background : Ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs, <0.1 µm) can reach the human brain but to our knowledge epidemiologic studies have yet to evaluate the relationship between UFPs and incident brain tumors. Methods : We conducted a cohort study of within-city spatial variations in ambient UFPs across Montreal and Toronto, Canada among 1.9 million adults included in multiple cycles of the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts (1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006). UFP exposures (3-year moving [...]

A partir des données de neuf études de cohortes portant sur 1 058 patientes atteintes d'un cancer de l'ovaire, cette étude analyse l'association entre des facteurs hormonaux ou reproductifs (nombre de grossesses, endométriose, ligature des trompes, utilisation de contraceptifs, indice de masse corporelle, etc.) et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

Reproductive and hormonal factors and risk of ovarian cancer by tumor dominance: results from the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium (OC3)

Huang, Tianyi ; Townsend, Mary K. ; Wentzensen, Nicolas ; Trabert, Britton ; White, Emily ; Arslan, Alan A ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Buring, Julie E. ; Clendenen, Tess V ; Giles, Graham G. ; Lee, I-Min ; Milne, Roger L. ; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte ; Peters, Ulrike ; Sandler, Dale P. ; Schouten, Leo J. ; van den Brandt, Piet A. ; Wolk, Alicja ; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne ; Tworoger, Shelley S.

Background : Laterality of epithelial ovarian tumors may reflect the underlying carcinogenic pathways and origins of tumor cells. Methods : We pooled data from 9 prospective studies participating in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium. Information on measures of tumor size or tumor dominance was extracted from surgical pathology reports or obtained through cancer registries. We defined dominant tumors as those restricted to one ovary or where the dimension of one ovary was at least twice as [...]

Cette étude passe en revue les connaissances actuelles sur l'association entre le papillomavirus humain et les cancers de la tête et du cou

Human papillomavirus as a driver of head and neck cancers

Sabatini, Maria Elisa ; Chiocca, Susanna

The human papillomavirus (HPV) family includes more than 170 different types of virus that infect stratified epithelium. High-risk HPV is well established as the primary cause of cervical cancer, but in recent years, a clear role for this virus in other malignancies is also emerging. Indeed, HPV plays a pathogenic role in a subset of head and neck cancers—mostly cancers of the oropharynx—with distinct epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics compared with head and neck cancers [...]

Menée à l'aide de données 2010 de l'assurance maladie portant sur 29 974 patients atteints d'un diabète traité par metformine et portant sur 36 653 témoins (âge : plus de 18 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre ce traitement et le risque de cancer

Metformin use and the risk of cancer in diabetic patients: A nationwide sample cohort study

Oh, Tak Kyu ; Song, In-Ae

Metformin is known to have an antitumor effect; however, its effects in the prevention of cancer remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association of metformin therapy with the development of cancer. A population-based cohort study was conducted among adult patients with diabetes in 2010 using sample cohort data from the National Health Insurance Service. Metformin users were defined as those who had been prescribed repeated oral metformin administration over a period of ≥ [...]

A l'aide de données portant sur le génome entier de 29 266 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon et de 56 450 témoins, cette étude d'association à l'échelle du transcriptome identifie de nouveaux gènes de susceptibilité à la maladie

Transcriptome-wide association study reveals candidate causal genes for lung cancer

Bosse, Yohan ; Li, Zhonglin ; Xia, Jun ; Manem, Venkata ; Carreras-Torres, Robert ; Gabriel, Aurélie ; Gaudreault, Nathalie ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Aldrich, Melinda C. ; Andrew, Angeline ; Arnold, Susanne ; Bickeböller, Heike ; Bojesen, Stig E. ; Brennan, Paul ; Brunnström, Hans ; Caporaso, Neil ; Chen, Chu ; Christiani, David C. ; Field, John K. ; Goodman, Gary ; Grankvist, Kjell ; Houlston, Richard ; Johansson, Mattias ; Johansson, Mikael ; Kiemeney, Lambertus A. ; Lam, Stephen ; Landi, Maria Teresa ; Lazarus, Philip ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Liu, Geoffrey ; Melander, Olle ; Rennert, Gadi ; Risch, Angela ; Rosenberg, Susan M. ; Schabath, Matthew B. ; Shete, Sanjay ; Song, Zhuoyi ; Stevens, Victoria L. ; Tardon, Adonina ; Wichmann, H-Erich ; Woll, Penella ; Zienolddiny, Shan ; Obeidat, Ma'en ; Timens, Wim ; Hung, Rayjean J. ; Joubert, Philippe ; Amos, Christopher I. ; McKay, James D.

We have recently completed the largest GWAS on lung cancer including 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls of European descent. The goal of this study has been to integrate the complete GWAS results with a large-scale expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping study in human lung tissues (n=1,038) to identify candidate causal genes for lung cancer. We performed transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) for lung cancer overall, by histology (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small [...]

Menée en 2015 en Israël auprès de 2 867 femmes atteintes d'un cancer colorectal et de 2 333 témoins, cette étude identifie les facteurs reproductifs et hormonaux associés au risque de développer la maladie

Hormonal and reproductive factors and reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer

Rennert, Gad ; Rennert, Hedy S. ; Pinchev, Mila ; Gruber, Stephen B. ; Lavie, Ofer

Females differ from males in incidence and clinical characteristics of colorectal cancer. Understanding the differences can lead to development of preventive approaches. To identify reproductive factors currently associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. Consecutively diagnosed female colorectal cancer cases and randomly chosen colorectal cancer-free controls matched on age/ethnicity/primary care clinic within the molecular epidemiology of colorectal cancer study, a population-based [...]

Menée en Australie auprès de 168 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein de l'intervalle et de 498 témoins (âge : 40-69 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le risque de développer la maladie et la densité mammaire, l'indice de masse corporelle, les antécédents familiaux, le vieillissement du tissu mammaire ou l'exposition hormonale

Interval breast cancer risk associations with breast density, family history and breast tissue aging

Nguyen, Tuong L. ; Li, Shuai ; Dite, Gillian S. ; Aung, Ye K. ; Evans, Christopher F. ; Trinh, Ho N. ; Baglietto, Laura ; Stone, Jennifer ; Song, Yun-Mi ; Sung, Joohon ; English, Dallas R. ; Jenkins, Mark A. ; Dugué, Pierre-Antoine ; Milne, Roger L. ; Southey, Melissa C. ; Giles, Graham G. ; Pike, Malcolm C. ; Hopper, John L.

Interval breast cancers (those diagnosed between recommended mammography screens) generally have poorer outcomes and are more common among women with dense breasts. We aimed to develop a risk model for interval breast cancer. We conducted a nested case–control study within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study involving 168 interval breast cancer patients and 498 matched control subjects. We measured breast density using the CUMULUS software. We recorded first-degree family history by [...]

A partir des données d'une étude d'association sur le génome entier portant sur 11 078 femmes, cette étude analyse l'effet de polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de gènes impliqués dans la voie de la résistance à l'insuline sur l'association entre divers modes de vie et le risque de cancer colorectal (736 cas)

Post Genome-Wide Gene–Environment Interaction Study Using Random Survival Forest: Insulin Resistance, Lifestyle Factors, and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Jung, Su Yon ; Papp, Jeanette C. ; Sobel, Eric M. ; Zhang, Zuo-Feng

Molecular and genetic pathways of insulin resistance (IR) connecting colorectal cancer and obesity factors in postmenopausal women remain inconclusive. We examined the IR pathways on both genetic and phenotypic perspectives at the genome-wide level. We further constructed colorectal cancer risk profiles with the most predictive IR SNPs and lifestyle factors. In our earlier genome-wide association gene–environmental interaction study, we used data from a large cohort of postmenopausal women in [...]