Menée à partir de deux vagues d'enquêtes réalisées sur la période 2012-2014 puis 2017-2018 auprès de 494 participants âgés d'au moins 18 ans (durée moyenne de suivi : 3,7 ans), cette étude analyse les comportements tabagiques et la dépendance chez les personnes utilisant depuis longtemps la cigarette électronique

Changes in E-Cigarette Use Behaviors and Dependence in Long-term E-Cigarette Users

Du, Ping ; Fan, Tongyao ; Yingst, Jessica ; Veldheer, Susan ; Hrabovsky, Shari ; Chen, Chen ; Foulds, Jonathan

Introduction : Little is known about the effects of long-term e-cigarette use, particularly the risks of relapse to cigarette smoking or increased dependence. Methods : In a 2012–2014 baseline online e-cigarette survey, 1,863 respondents consented to participate in future research. A follow-up online survey was conducted in 2017–2018 to assess changes in e-cigarette use behaviors and e-cigarette–related dependence. For both surveys, exclusive e-cigarette use was defined as only using [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 1 503 adultes fumeurs, cette étude analyse, selon les émotions qu'ils génèrent, l'effet de différents avertissements sanitaires graphiques sur leur intention d'arrêter de fumer

Higher negative emotions in response to cigarette pictorial warning labels predict higher quit intentions among smokers

Li, Yachao ; Yang, Bo ; Owusu, Daniel ; Popova, Lucy

Background : Cigarette pictorial warning labels (PWLs) could produce stronger quit intentions than text-only warning labels (TWLs) due to greater emotional arousal. Yet, it remains unclear whether PWLs that elicit different levels of emotions produce different outcomes. To better understand the role of negative emotions in the effects of PWLs, this study developed two sets of PWLs arousing different emotional levels (high vs low) but equally high on informativeness and compared them to each [...]

Menée en 2016-2017 aux Etats-Unis par enquête auprès de 11 688 participants, cette étude analyse l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique en fonction de facteurs sociodémographiques et de la consommation de tabac

Sociodemographic Correlates of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Use in the United States, 2016–2017

Claire Adams Spears ; Dina M. Jones ; Scott R. Weaver ; Jidong Huang ; Bo Yang ; Terry F. Pechacek ; Michael P. Eriksen

Objectives : To investigate use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among priority populations. Methods : Using 2016 through 2017 US nationally representative surveys (n = 11 688), we examined ENDS use by sociodemographic variables (age, education, poverty status, insurance, employment, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation) and combustible tobacco use. Results : Among individuals who currently use noncigarette combustible tobacco, those from certain backgrounds (young adults, those [...]

Menée auprès de 128 personnes (52% d'hommes ; âge moyen : 35,24 ans ; durée de suivi : 1 an), cette étude analyse l'effet, sur les comportements d'exposition au soleil, de recommandations associées à la réalisation d'un test génétique révélant la présence ou non d'un variant du gène CDKN2A prédisposant au mélanome

CDKN2A testing and genetic counseling promote reductions in objectively measured sun exposure one year later

Stump, Tammy K. ; Aspinwall, Lisa G. ; Drummond, Danielle M. ; Taber, Jennifer M. ; Kohlmann, Wendy ; Champine, Marjan ; Cassidy, Pamela B. ; Petrie, Tracy ; Liley, Ben ; Leachman, Sancy A.

Purpose : This study investigated whether genetic counseling and test reporting for the highly penetrant CDKN2A melanoma predisposition gene promoted decreases in sun exposure. Methods : A prospective, nonequivalent control group design compared unaffected participants (N = 128, Mage = 35.24, 52% men) from (1) families known to carry a CDKN2A pathogenic variant, who received counseling about management recommendations and a positive or negative genetic test result and (2) no-test control [...]

Menée au Pays-Bas par enquête auprès de 1 053 parents d'enfants âgés de 4 à 13 ans, cette étude analyse la relation entre les comportements en termes de protection solaire des parents et ceux des enfants, en fonction de l'âge et du sexe

Childhood sun safety at different ages: relations between parental sun protection behavior towards their child and children’s own sun protection behavior

Thoonen, Karlijn ; Schneider, Francine ; Candel, Math ; de Vries, Hein ; van Osch, Liesbeth

Background : Sunburns during childhood are strongly associated with development of melanoma in later life. While parents play an important role in children’s sun protection, insight in possible shifts in behavioral responsibility from parents towards their children and the possible effect of children’s sex is important for targeting sun safety interventions throughout childhood and adolescence. Methods : This cross-sectional survey study was conducted among a representative sample of Dutch [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 400 femmes ménopausées (durée de suivi : 1 an), cette étude analyse l'effet d'une activité physique aérobique sur la concentration sanguine de biomarqueurs associés au risque de cancer du sein

Long-term effects of moderate versus high durations of aerobic exercise on biomarkers of breast cancer risk: Follow-up to a randomized controlled trial

Friedenreich, Christine M. ; Wang, Qinggang ; Yasui, Yutaka ; Stanczyk, Frank Z. ; Duha, Aalo ; Brenner, Darren R. ; Courneya, Kerry S.

Background : The optimal lifestyle for breast cancer prevention over the long-term is unclear. We aimed to determine whether or not the amount of exercise prescribed in a year-long exercise intervention influences breast cancer biomarker levels one year later. Methods : We conducted a 24-month follow-up study (2012-2014) to the Breast Cancer and Exercise Trial in Alberta (BETA), a 12-month, two-armed (1:1), two-centre randomized controlled trial of exercise in 400 cancer-free, postmenopausal [...]

Couplée aux données d'une étude chinoise portant sur 217 patients atteints d'un cancer du foie et 427 témoins, cette étude analyse, en fonction du sexe, l'association entre les niveaux d'isoflavones, mesurés dans les urines ou estimés dans l'alimentation, et le risque de développer la maladie

Prediagnostic level of dietary and urinary isoflavonoids in relation to risk of liver cancer in Shanghai, China

Zhang, Wei ; Wang, Jing ; Gao, Jing ; Li, Hong-Lan ; Han, Li-Hua ; Lan, Qing ; Rothman, Nathaniel ; Zheng, Wei ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Xiang, Yong-Bing

Background : No epidemiological studies have directly assessed the association between dietary and urinary of isoflavonoids and risk of liver cancer in humans. Methods : A nested case-control study including 217 incident cases of liver cancer and 427 individually matched control subjects was conducted in Shanghai, China. Dietary isoflavonoids intakes were assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire and the Chinese Food Composition Tables. Urinary excretion levels of four major [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (8 articles), cette étude analyse l'effet préventif d'une consommation de kiwi sur le risque de cancer

Kiwifruit and Cancer: An Overview of Biological Evidence

Lippi, Giuseppe ; Mattiuzzi, Camilla

Kiwifruit consumption is associated with many favorable health benefits. This article is hence aimed to provide an overview on potential effects of kiwifruit on cancer development or progression. An electronic search was performed in Medline and Web of Science, for identifying original studies exploring the relationship between kiwifruit and cancer development or progression, both in vivo and in vitro. The following keywords were used: ?Kiwifruit? OR ?Kiwi? OR ?Actinidia deliciosa? OR [...]

Menée en France sur la période 1993-2008 par questionnaires auprès d'une cohorte de 98 995 femmes nées entre 1925 et 1950 (durée de suivi : 15 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre l'adhésion au régime méditérannéen et le risque de cancer de la peau (2 003 cas)

Mediterranean dietary pattern and skin cancer risk: A prospective cohort study in French women

Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya ; Cervenka, Iris ; Al Rahmoun, Marie ; Savoye, Isabelle ; Mancini, Francesca Romana ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Kvaskoff, Marina

Background : The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been reported to be associated with lower cancer risk. However, while previous studies explored major single components of the MD, only 1 previous study has investigated adherence to the MD in relation to melanoma risk. Objective : The aim of this study was to explore the relations between adherence to the MD and the risk of skin cancer, including melanomas, basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Design : Etude [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'un modèle murin de carcinogenèse prostatique, cette étude évalue l'effet préventif d'une consommation de framboises noires sur le risque de développer la maladie

Effects of Black Raspberries and Their Constituents on Rat Prostate Carcinogenesis and Human Prostate Cancer Cell Growth In Vitro

Eskra, Jillian N. ; Dodge, Alaina ; Schlicht, Michael J. ; Bosland, Maarten C.

Prostate cancer patients often use dietary supplements, such as black raspberries, which are a rich source of compounds with antioxidant and anticancer activity, particularly on gastrointestinal cancers. Feeding black raspberries inhibited mammary cancer induction in rats and growth of cancer cells in nude mice, indicating systemic bioavailability of bioactive compounds. We tested whether feeding black raspberries and its constituents would inhibit prostate cancer development. However, we did [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en avril 2019 (6 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre le régime DASH, visant à réduire l'hypertension, et le risque de cancer colorectal

The Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Mohseni, Reza ; Mohseni, Fatemeh ; Alizadeh, Shahab ; Abbasi, Soheil

Background : The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet has been associated with reduced hypertension and risk of cardiovascular diseases, nevertheless DASH diet is rich in foods that are recommended to be inversely associated with cancer risk. The objective of the present study was to conduct the first meta-analysis of studies investigating the associations between DASH diet and risk of colorectal cancer. Methods : Relevant studies were identified in PubMed and Scopus (up to April [...]

Menée au Japon à partir de questionnaires auprès de 65 042 participants âgés de 40 à 79 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de thé vert et le risque de développer un cancer hématologique

Green tea consumption and risk of hematologic neoplasms: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study)

Takada, Midori ; Yamagishi, Kazumasa ; Iso, Hiroyasu ; Tamakoshi, Akiko

Purpose : Experimental studies suggested that green tea may have an anticancer effect on hematologic neoplasms. However, few prospective studies have been conducted. Methods : A total of 65,042 individuals aged 40–79 years participated in this study and completed a self-administered questionnaire about their lifestyle and medical history at baseline (1988–1990). Of these, 52,462 individuals living in 24 communities with information on incident hematologic neoplasms available in the cancer [...]

Menée à Porto Rico sur la période 2008-2014 par questionnaire auprès de 314 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et de 346 témoins (âge moyen : 58,7 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le niveau de consommation d'ail, d'oignons et/ou de sofrito (condiment local) et le risque de développer la maladie, en fonction du statut ménopausique

Onion and Garlic Intake and Breast Cancer, a Case-Control Study in Puerto Rico

Desai, Gauri ; Schelske-Santos, Michelle ; Nazario, Cruz M. ; Rosario-Rosado, Rosa V. ; Mansilla-Rivera, Imar ; Ramírez-Marrero, Farah ; Nie, Jing ; Myneni, Ajay A. ; Zhang, Zuo-Feng ; Freudenheim, Jo L. ; Mu, Lina

Studies show an inverse association between onion and garlic intake and risk of cancers of the lung, prostate, and stomach. There is limited evidence on the association between onion and garlic intake and breast cancer. We assessed this association in a population-based, case-control study in Puerto Rico. Incident, primary breast cancer cases (n?=?314) were identified among women aged 30?79 from hospital and clinic records. Controls (n?=?346) were women with no history of cancer other than [...]

Menée à partir de données américaines portant sur 42 012 femmes (âge : 35-74 ans ; durée de suivi : 7,6 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le type de viande consommée (viande rouge ou volaille) et le risque de cancer du sein (1 536 cas)

Association between meat consumption and risk of breast cancer: Findings from the Sister Study

Lo, Jamie J. ; Park, Yong-Moon Mark ; Sinha, Rashmi ; Sandler, Dale P.

Meat consumption has been postulated to increase the risk of breast cancer, but this association has not been consistently seen. We examined the association between consumption of different types of meat, meat mutagens and incident invasive breast cancer. Information on consumption of different meat categories and meat cooking practice behaviors was obtained from 42,012 Sister Study participants who completed a Block 1998 Food Frequency Questionnaire at enrollment (2003–2009) and satisfied [...]

A partir des données de trois cohortes américaines portant sur 554 personnes atteintes d'un gliome (durée de suivi : 6 022 741 personnes-années), cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation de café, de caféine ou de thé et le risque de développer la maladie

A prospective study of tea and coffee intake and risk of glioma

Cote, David J. ; Bever, Alaina M. ; Wilson, Kathryn M. ; Smith, Timothy R. ; Smith-Warner, Stephanie A. ; Stampfer, Meir J.

Tea and coffee have antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Observational studies suggest that tea and coffee intake may reduce cancer risk, but data on glioma risk are inconclusive. We evaluated the association between tea, coffee and caffeine intake and glioma risk in the female Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII) and the male Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). Cumulative intake was derived from validated quadrennial food frequency questionnaires. Glioma [...]

Menée en Suède auprès de 8 334 témoins et 8 334 personnes utilisant des statines, cette étude analyse l'association entre le type de statines prescrites (lipophiles ou hydrophiles) et le risque à 10 ans de carcinome hépatocellulaire chez des adultes souffrant d'hépatite virale

Lipophilic Statins and Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Death in Patients With Chronic Viral Hepatitis: Results From a Nationwide Swedish Population

Simon, Tracey G. ; Duberg, Ann-Sofi ; Aleman, Soo ; Hagstrom, Hannes ; Nguyen, Long H. ; Khalili, Hamed ; Chung, Raymond T. ; Ludvigsson, Jonas F.

Whether statin type influences hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence or mortality in chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection is unknown.To assess the relationship between lipophilic or hydrophilic statin use and HCC incidence and mortality in a nationwide population with viral hepatitis.Prospective propensity score (PS)–matched cohort.Swedish registers, 2005 to 2013.A PS-matched cohort of 16 668 adults (8334 who initiated statin use [6554 lipophilic and 1780 hydrophilic] and 8334 nonusers) [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de le littérature publiée jusqu'en décembre 2018 (52 essais incluant au total 75 454 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une supplémentation en vitamine D et la mortalité toutes causes confondues ainsi que le risque de décès par cancer

Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhang, Yu ; Fang, Fang ; Tang, Jingjing ; Jia, Lu ; Feng, Yuning ; Xu, Ping ; Faramand, Andrew

Objective : To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation is associated with lower mortality in adults. Design : Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Data sources : Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register from their inception to 26 December 2018. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Randomised controlled trials comparing vitamin D supplementation with a placebo or no treatment for mortality were included. Independent data extraction was [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en août 2018 (75 articles et 25 résumés de conférences), cette étude analyse l'effet préventif, sur la tumorigenèse colorectale, des acides gras à chaîne courte produits par le microbiote

Protective effect of the “food-microorganism-SCFAs” axis on colorectal cancer: from basic research to practical application

Shuwen, Han ; Miao, Da ; Quan, Qi ; Wei, Wu ; Zhongshan, Zhang ; Chun, Zhang ; Xi, Yang

Background : Recent studies have shown that the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota play a positive role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Aims : This study aims to elucidate the “food-microorganism-SCFAs” axis and to provide guidance for prevention and intervention in CRC. Methods : The PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched from their inceptions to August 2018, and 75 articles and 25 conference abstracts were included and analysed after [...]

A partir de données de la cohorte européenne EPIC portant sur 476 108 personnes (durée moyenne de suivi : 13,9 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la consommation de polyphénols et le risque de cancers de la thyroïde (748 cas ; 89% de femmes)

Polyphenol intake and differentiated thyroid cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Zamora-Ros, Raul ; Cayssials, Valerie ; Franceschi, Silvia ; Kyrø, Cecilie ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Hennings, Joakim ; Sandström, Maria ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Olsen, Anja ; Overvad, Kim ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Truong, Thérèse ; Mancini, Francesca Romana ; Katzke, Verena ; Kühn, Tilman ; Boeing, Heiner ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Karakatsani, Anna ; Martimianaki, Georgia ; Palli, Domenico ; Krogh, Vittorio ; Panico, Salvatore ; Tumino, Rosario ; Sacerdote, Carlotta ; Lasheras, Cristina ; Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel ; Amiano, Pilar ; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M. ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Almquist, Martin ; Ericson, Ulrika ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; Vermeulen, Roel ; Schmidt, Julie A. ; Byrnes, Graham ; Scalbert, Augustin ; Agudo, Antonio ; Rinaldi, Sabina

Polyphenols are bioactive compounds with several anticarcinogenic activities; however, human data regarding associations with thyroid cancer (TC) is still negligible. Our aim was to evaluate the association between intakes of total, classes and subclasses of polyphenols and risk of differentiated TC and its main subtypes, papillary and follicular, in a European population. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort included 476,108 men and women from 10 European [...]

Menée en Australie sur la période 2007-2014 à partir des données des registres de dépistage et de vaccination portant sur 250 648 femmes d'au moins 15 ans (durée de suivi : jusqu'à 7 ans), cette étude évalue, en fonction du nombre de doses reçues, l'efficacité du vaccin anti-papillomavirus humain pour réduire le risque de lésions cervicales intraépithéliales de haut grade

Is one dose of human papillomavirus vaccine as effective as three?: A national cohort analysis

Brotherton, Julia M. L. ; Budd, Alison ; Rompotis, Christopher ; Bartlett, Natasha ; Malloy, Michael J. ; Andersen, Rachael L. ; Coulter, Kim A. R. ; Couvee, Peter W. ; Steel, Nerida ; Ward, Gail H. ; Saville, Marion

Aim : Prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are highly effective at preventing pre–cancerous cervical lesions when given in a three–dose schedule. Some post–hoc trial data suggest that one dose prevents HPV infection. If one dose could prevent pre–cancerous cervical lesions, then global cervical cancer prevention would be greatly facilitated. We assessed the effectiveness of quadrivalent HPV vaccine by number of doses against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or [...]

Menée auprès de 169 fumeurs quotidiens socio-économiquement défavorisés, atteints d'une maladie mentale ou présentant une dépendance aux opioïdes, cette étude analyse, en fonction du prix unitaire de la nicotine des cigarettes standard (15,8 mg de nicotine /g) et des cigarettes à faible teneur en nicotine (0,4mg/g), leurs préférences vis-à-vis de ces deux produits tabagiques, puis évalue l'effet de la consommation de cigarettes à faible teneur en nicotine sur le taux de tabagisme

Examining effects of unit price on preference for reduced nicotine content cigarettes and smoking rate

Davis, Danielle R. ; DeSarno, Michael J. ; Bergeria, Cecilia L. ; Streck, Joanna M. ; Tidey, Jennifer W. ; Sigmon, Stacey C. ; Heil, Sarah H. ; Gaalema, Diann E. ; Stitzer, Maxine L. ; Higgins, Stephen T.

Cigarette preference increases as a function of greater nicotine content, but manipulating cost can shift preference. The aims of the present study are to model whether (1) the behavioral-economic metric unit price (cost/reinforcer magnitude) accounts for preference shifts and (2) whether preference shifts toward reduced nicotine content are associated with smoking reductions. In a multisite study between 2015 and 2016, 169 daily smokers from vulnerable populations completed two [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par enquêtes auprès de 5 103 non fumeurs âgés de 11 à 16 ans (durée de suivi : 1 an), cette étude analyse l'effet, sur l'initiation tabagique des jeunes, de la campagne nationale pédagogique anti-tabac de la "Food and Drug Administration"

Impact of The Real Cost Media Campaign on Youth Smoking Initiation

Duke, Jennifer C. ; MacMonegle, Anna J. ; Nonnemaker, James M. ; Farrelly, Matthew C. ; Delahanty, Janine C. ; Zhao, Xiaoquan ; Smith, Alexandria A. ; Rao, Pamela ; Allen, Jane A.

Introduction : The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between youth exposure to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's national tobacco public education campaign, The Real Cost, and changes in smoking initiation. Methods : From November 2013 to November 2016, a longitudinal study of youth was conducted with a baseline and 4 post-campaign follow-up surveys. The sample consisted of nonsmoking youths from 75 U.S. media markets (n=5,103) who completed a baseline and at least 1 [...]