Menée sur la période 2006-2016 en Angleterre à l'aide d'une enquête auprès de 2 018 participants fumeurs (durée de suivi : 6 mois), cette étude analyse les facteurs associés à la réussite des tentatives d’arrêt spontané du tabac

Understanding the association between spontaneous quit attempts and improved smoking cessation success rates: a population survey in England with six-month follow-up

Garnett, Claire ; Shahab, Lion ; Raupach, Toby ; West, Robert ; Brown, Jamie

Almost half of smoking quit attempts are ‘spontaneous’ (initiated as soon as the decision to quit has been made) and are associated with increased success rates. This study aimed to assess to what extent other factors may account for this association.Data were used from respondents to a survey representative of the adult population in England from 2006 to 2016. We included 2,018 respondents who were current smokers at baseline and had attempted to quit between baseline and six-month follow-up. [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une enquête canadienne réalisée en 2016-2017 auprès de 51 661 paticipants, cette étude analyse l'association entre la fréquence d'utilisation de la cigarette électronique et le tabagisme chez les adolescents âgés d'au moins 15 ans

Frequency of E-cigarette use and cigarette smoking among Canadian students

Azagba, Sunday ; Kah, Kebba ; Latham, Keely

The emergence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (commonly referred to as e-cigarette) has created an ongoing public health debate and concerns, especially among adolescents. The present study examined associations between the frequency of e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking among school students. Data on students (grades 7–12) was obtained from the 2016–2017 Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (n = 51,661). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to [...]

Menée au Canada, en Angleterre et aux Etats-Unis à l'aide d'une enquête réalisée en 2017 auprès de 12 064 jeunes âgés de 16 à 19 ans, cette étude analyse leur exposition aux publicités sur les produits de vapotage ainsi que leurs attitudes vis-à-vis de ces dernières

Youth self-reported exposure to and perceptions of vaping advertisements: Findings from the 2017 International Tobacco Control Youth Tobacco and Vaping Survey

Cho, Yoo Jin ; Thrasher, James F. ; Reid, Jessica L. ; Hitchman, Sara ; Hammond, David

Countries have adopted various regulations to limit youth exposure to vaping product advertising. This study aims to examine youth exposure to and perceptions of vaping ads in Canada, England, and the US, three countries with varying vaping product advertising regulations. Data were analyzed from the 2017 ITC Youth Tobacco and Vaping Survey, an online survey of youth aged 16 to 19 years from a consumer panel (n = 12,064). The survey assessed vaping product ad exposure in the prior month, [...]

Menée en 2018 auprès de 2 218 fumeurs américains (âge moyen : 43 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet d'avertissements sanitaires (textuels ou graphiques) relatifs à la cigarette électronique sur leurs comportements tabagiques

Impact of e-cigarette health warnings on motivation to vape and smoke

Brewer, Noel T ; Jeong, Michelle ; Hall, Marissa G ; Baig, Sabeeh A ; Mendel, Jennifer R ; Lazard, Allison J ; Noar, Seth M ; Kameny, Madeline R ; Ribisl, Kurt M

Background : A prevailing hypothesis is that health warnings for electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) could drive people away from vaping and towards smoking cigarettes. We consider an alternative hypothesis that e-cigarette warnings discourage both vaping and smoking. Methods : Participants were a national convenience sample of 2218 US adults who used e-cigarettes, cigarettes or both. In August 2018, we randomised participants to one of three warning types (control text about littering, [...]

Menée en 2018 aux Etats-Unis auprès de 4 037 adultes âgés d'au moins 18 ans, cette étude analyse leurs attitudes vis-à-vis de la réduction du taux de nicotine dans les cigarettes afin de les rendre moins addictives

U.S. Adults’ Attitudes Toward Lowering Nicotine Levels in Cigarettes

Ali, Fatma Romeh M. ; Al-Shawaf, Maeh ; Wang, Teresa ; King, Brian A.

Introduction : This study assessed U.S. adults’ attitudes toward lowering the nicotine levels in cigarettes to make them less addictive. Methods : Data from the 2018 SummerStyles, a web-based panel survey of U.S. adults aged ≥18 years (n=4,037) fielded in June–July, were analyzed in 2018. Respondents were asked: Do you favor or oppose requiring cigarette makers to lower the nicotine levels in cigarettes so that they are less addictive? Responses were strongly favor, somewhat favor, somewhat [...]

Menée en 2017-2018 en France auprès de 5 400 fumeurs (durée moyenne de suivi : 23,4 mois) et de 2 025 anciens fumeurs (durée moyenne de suivi : 22,1 mois), cette étude analyse l’association entre une utilisation régulière de la cigarette électronique et le nombre de cigarettes fumées par jour, l'arrêt du tabac chez les fumeurs ou la rechute chez les anciens fumeurs

Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Smoking Reduction in France

Gomajee, Ramchandar ; El-Khoury, Fabienne ; Goldberg, Marcel ; Zins, Marie ; Lemogne, Cédric ; Wiernik, Emmanuel ; Lequy-Flahault, Emeline ; Romanello, Lucile ; Kousignian, Isabelle ; Melchior, Maria

The electronic cigarette (EC) has become popular among smokers who wish to reduce their tobacco use levels or quit smoking, but its effectiveness as a cessation aid is uncertain.To examine the association of regular EC use with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, smoking cessation among current smokers, and smoking relapse among former smokers.The CONSTANCES (Consultants des Centres d’Examens de Santé) cohort study, based in France, began recruiting participants January 6, 2012, and is [...]

Menée en Australie auprès de 119 participants (âge moyen : 53 ans ; 50% d'hommes), cette étude analyse l'effet d'une intervention de prévention personnalisée (livret d'information sur le risque génomique de mélanome) sur leurs comportements en matière d'exposition au soleil

Risk attitudes and sun protection behaviour: Can behaviour be altered by using a melanoma genomic risk intervention?

Morton, Rachael L. ; Asher, Rebecca ; Peyton, Edward ; Tran, Anh ; Smit, Amelia K. ; Butow, Phyllis N. ; Kimlin, Michael G. ; Dobbinson, Suzanne J. ; Wordsworth, Sarah ; Keogh, Louise ; Cust, Anne E.

Background : Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight is directly associated with melanoma skin cancer, however reducing sun-exposure can be difficult to achieve at a population level. Methods : Using a genomic risk information behaviour change trial for melanoma prevention, we classified participants as risk-seeking, risk-neutral or risk-averse for domain-specific risk taking (DOSPERT). One-way ANOVA determined the association between socio-demographic characteristics and risk-taking [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en septembre 2018 (8 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation de café et le risque d'adénome colorectal

Dose–response meta-analysis of coffee consumption and risk of colorectal adenoma

Wang, Yong ; Chen, Jing ; Zhao, Rui ; Xia, Lin ; Cui, Ya-Ping ; Rao, zhi-yong ; Zhou, Yong ; Wu, Xiao-Ting

Background : The association between coffee and colorectal adenoma risk remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis of cohort and case–control studies to sum up the existing proof about this matter. Methods : We searched Pubmed, Medline, and Embase for studies published before 1 September 2018 on coffee consumption and colorectal adenoma in any language. The different ORs were calculated for cohort and case–control studies in this study, and we use a random-effects model to aggregate [...]

Mené aux Etats-Unis sur 92 fumeurs ou anciens fumeurs présentant un risque élevé de cancer du poumon (ayant déjà présenté une atypie cytologique pulmonaire ou une dysplasie bronchique), cet essai de phase II évalue l'effet préventif du pioglitazone sur la tumorigenèse pulmonaire

A Randomized Phase II Trial of Pioglitazone for Lung Cancer Chemoprevention in High Risk Current and Former Smokers

Keith, Robert L. ; Blatchford, Patrick J ; Merrick, Daniel T. ; Bunn, Paul A. ; Bagwell, Brandi ; Dwyer-Nield, Lori D. ; Jackson, Mary K ; Geraci, Mark ; Miller, York E.

Lung cancer chemoprevention, especially in high-risk former smokers, has great potential to reduce lung cancer incidence and mortality. Thiazolidinediones prevent lung cancer in preclinical studies, and diabetics receiving thiazolidinediones have lower lung cancer rates which led to our double-blind, randomized, phase II placebo-controlled trial of oral pioglitazone in high risk current or former smokers with sputum cytologic atypia or known endobronchial dysplasia. Bronchoscopy was performed [...]

Menée au Danemark auprès de 185 835 témoins et de 12 389 personnes atteintes d'un cancer de la tête et du cou diagnostiqué entre 2000 et 2015 (âge : 30-84 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens (hors aspirine) et le risque de développer la maladie

Use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of head and neck cancer: A nationwide case–control study

de la Cour, Cecilie D. ; Dehlendorff, Christian ; Aalborg, Gitte L. ; von Buchwald, Christian ; Friis, Søren ; Verdoodt, Freija ; Kjaer, Susanne K.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most frequent malignancy with high mortality and substantial morbidity and hence there is a need for identification of preventive factors. Preclinical and observational studies have reported antineoplastic effects of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but studies of nonaspirin NSAID use and risk of HNC are sparse and with inconsistent results. We therefore conducted a register-based case–control study nested in the entire Danish [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à l'aide d'une enquête réalisée auprès de 1 506 professionnels de santé, cette étude analyse leurs pratiques de conseil en matière de prévention du cancer de la peau et identifie les facteurs favorisant la délivrance régulière de conseils

Clinical counseling on sun protection and indoor tanning avoidance: A survey of current practices among U.S. health care providers

Holman, Dawn M. ; Qin, Jin ; Gottschlich, Elizabeth A. ; Balk, Sophie J.

Clinicians can play a role in skin cancer prevention by counseling their patients on use of sun protection and indoor tanning avoidance. We used data from the 2016 DocStyles, a web-based survey of U.S. primary care providers, to examine skin cancer prevention counseling practices among 1506 providers. In 2018, we conducted logistic regression analyses to examine factors associated with regularly providing counseling. Almost half (48.5%) of all providers reported regularly counseling on sun [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 10 994 fumeurs âgés d'au moins 18 ans, cette étude analyse la proportion de fumeurs recevant par courrier postal et/ou électronique des bons de réduction pour l'achat de cigarettes ainsi que l'utilisation de ces bons en fonction de facteurs socio-économiques ou démographiques

Receipt of direct tobacco mail/email coupons and coupon redemption: Demographic and socioeconomic disparities among adult smokers in the United States

Osman, Amira ; Queen, Tara ; Choi, Kelvin ; Goldstein, Adam O.

A key marketing strategy used by tobacco companies to lower tobacco product prices is the distribution of tobacco coupons via direct marketing channels such as mail or email. We analyzed data on adult smokers from Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (n = 10,994) to examine the prevalence and correlates of coupon receipt via both channels, and associations with cigarette coupon redemption. Overall, 22% and 32% of smokers received tobacco coupons via email and [...]