Menée en Australie par questionnaire auprès de 569 personnes atteintes d'un cancer de la prostate et 443 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre une activité physique de loisir (type, intensité et période) et le risque de développer la maladie

Lifetime recreational physical activity and the risk of prostate cancer

Sorial, Elizabeth ; Si, Si ; Fritschi, Lin ; Darcey, Ellie ; Leavy, Justine E. ; Girschik, Jennifer ; Ambrosini, Gina L. ; Boyle, Terry

Purpose : Research on the association between physical activity and the risk of prostate cancer is inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the timing, intensity, and type of recreational physical activity influence prostate cancer risk. Methods : A population-based case–control study was conducted in Western Australia in 2001–2002. Data were collected on lifetime recreational physical activity from a self-reported questionnaire. The estimated effects of recreational [...]

Menée au Canada auprès de 11 626 femmes, cette étude analyse les associations entre un apport alimentaire en folates et en vitamines B6 et B12 et le risque de cancer du sein (n = 922), de l’endomètre (n = 180), de l'ovaire (n = 104) ou de cancer colorectal (n = 266)

Dietary B-Vitamin Intake and Risk of Breast, Endometrial, Ovarian and Colorectal Cancer among Canadians

Arthur, Rhonda S. ; Kirsh, Victoria A. ; Rohan, Thomas E.

Few studies have explored the associations of thiamin, niacin and riboflavin with risk of cancer despite their role in potentially cancer-associated one-carbon metabolism. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models modified for the case-cohort design, we examined the associations of dietary intake of the above-mentioned B vitamins, as well as folate, and vitamins B6 and B12, with risk of the breast (n = 922), endometrial (n = 180), ovarian (n = 104) and colorectal (n = 266) [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par questionnaire auprès de 30 899 personnes âgées d'au moins 20 ans (durée médiane de suivi : 6,1 ans), cette étude analyse l’association entre une consommation de compléments alimentaires et la mortalité par cancer (805 cas) ou toutes causes confondues

Association Among Dietary Supplement Use, Nutrient Intake, and Mortality Among U.S. Adults: A Cohort Study

Chen, Fan ; Du, Mengxi ; Blumberg, Jeffrey B. ; Ho Chui, Kenneth Kwan ; Ruan, Mengyuan ; Rogers, Gail ; Shan, Zhilei ; Zeng, Luxian ; Zhang, Fang Fang

Background : The health benefits and risks of dietary supplement use are controversial. Objective : To evaluate the association among dietary supplement use, levels of nutrient intake from foods and supplements, and mortality among U.S. adults. Design : Prospective cohort study. Setting : NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data from 1999 to 2010, linked to National Death Index mortality data. Participants : 30 899 U.S. adults aged 20 years or older who answered questions [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 50 884 Américaines ayant eu une soeur atteinte d'un cancer du sein (durée moyenne de suivi : 7,6 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre des indices nutritionnels de plusieurs régimes alimentaires basés sur des recommandations et le risque de cancer du sein invasif, par statut des récepteurs hormonaux

Dietary index scores and invasive breast cancer risk among women with a family history of breast cancer

Petimar, Joshua ; Smith-Warner, Stephanie A ; Fung, Teresa T ; Park, Yong-Moon Mark ; Sandler, Dale P

Background : Many epidemiologic studies have analyzed the relations of individual foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk with inconsistent results. Few studies have examined recommendation-based dietary indices and breast cancer risk. Objective : The aim of this study was to determine associations between recommendation-based dietary index scores and incident invasive breast cancer. Methods : The Sister Study is a prospective cohort of 50,884 US women (baseline: 2003–2009) who had a sister [...]

A partir de résultats d'études in vivo et in vitro, cet article analyse les effets du resvératrol sur la sénescence des cellules normales et cancéreuses ainsi que son rôle dans la prévention des cancers

The Effect of Resveratrol on Cellular Senescence in Normal and Cancer Cells: Focusing on Cancer and Age-Related Diseases

Farhadnejad, Hossein ; Emamat, Hadi ; Zand, Hamid

Cellular senescence is generally defined as irreversible cell-cycle arrest and loss of replicative capacity in virtually all cell types which can have effects on tissues and possibly play a significant role in promoting age-related chronic diseases and cancers. Recently, use of natural bioactive substances such as resveratrol to modify the process of cellular senescence in tissue cells based on specific context has opened an interesting therapeutic perspective in aging and chronic diseases such [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mai 2018 (24 études, 2 009 504 patients), cette méta-analyse examine l'association entre un traitement par la metformine et le risque de cancer de la prostate chez les hommes atteints d'un diabète de type 2

Effect of metformin on the risk of prostate cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes by considering different confounding factors: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Wang, Yongbo ; Liu, Xiaoxue ; Yan, Pengfei ; Tang, Juan ; Chen, Tong ; Sun, Yi ; Zhou, Wei ; Bi, Yongyi ; Zhang, Zhi-Jiang

Preclinical studies have suggested the antitumorigenic properties of metformin on prostate cancer; results from epidemiological studies remain contradictory. We aim to investigate the evidence of metformin and the risk of prostate cancer. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for eligible studies. Meta-analyses were carried out using the most fully adjusted hazard ratios and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Eighteen cohort studies and six [...]

A partir des données des cohortes "the Nurses’ Health Study" et "the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study" incluant 88 506 femmes et 47 733 hommes (durée de suivi : 2 354 710 personnes-années), cette étude analyse l'association entre un apport en calcium et le risque de cancer du côlon par sous-type moléculaire (853 cas)

Calcium intake and colon cancer risk subtypes by tumor molecular characteristics

Keum, NaNa ; Liu, Li ; Hamada, Tsuyoshi ; Qian, Zhi Rong ; Nowak, Jonathan A. ; Cao, Yin ; da Silva, Annacarolina ; Kosumi, Keisuke ; Song, Mingyang ; Nevo, Daniel ; Wang, Molin ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Wu, Kana ; Ogino, Shuji ; Nishihara, Reiko ; Zhang, Xuehong

Background : A preventive potential of high calcium intake against colorectal cancer has been indicated for distal colon cancer, which is inversely associated with high-level CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), high-level microsatellite instability (MSI), and BRAF and PIK3CA mutations. In addition, BRAF mutation is strongly inversely correlated with KRAS mutation. We hypothesized that the association between calcium intake and colon cancer risk might vary by these molecular features. [...]

A l'aide d'une simulation basée sur des statistiques et des enquêtes nationales anglaises sur la période 2001-2016, cette étude évalue la réduction de la prévalence du tabagisme associée aux actions de lutte contre le tabagisme du "National Health Service"

Impact of the NHS Stop Smoking Services on smoking prevalence in England: a simulation modelling evaluation

Song, Fujian ; Elwell-Sutton, Tim ; Naughton, Felix

Background : The English National Health Service NHS Stop Smoking Services (SSS), established in 2001, were the first such services in the world. An appropriate evaluation of the SSS has national and international significance. This modelling study sought to evaluate the impact of the SSS on changes in smoking prevalence in England. Methods : A discrete time state-transition model was developed to simulate changes in smoking status among the adult population in England during 2001–2016. Input [...]

Menée dans 10 pays par questionnaire auprès de 623 femmes porteuses de mutations du gène BRCA sur la période 1995-2017 (durée moyenne de suivi : 7,5 ans), cette étude multicentrique présente leurs choix concernant les stratégies de dépistage et de réduction du risque de cancer après réalisation du test génétique

International trends in the uptake of cancer risk reduction strategies in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation

Metcalfe, Kelly ; Eisen, Andrea ; Senter, Leigha ; Armel, Susan ; Bordeleau, Louise ; Meschino, Wendy S. ; Pal, Tuya ; Lynch, Henry T. ; Tung, Nadine M. ; Kwong, Ava ; Ainsworth, Peter ; Karlan, Beth ; Moller, Pal ; Eng, Charis ; Weitzel, Jeffrey N. ; Sun, Ping ; Lubinski, Jan ; Narod, Steven A. ; the Hereditary Breast Cancer Clinical Study, Group

Background : Women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation face high risks of breast and ovarian cancer. In the current study, we report on uptake of cancer screening and risk-reduction options in a cohort of BRCA mutation carriers from ten countries over two time periods (1995 to 2008 and 2009 to 2017). Methods : Eligible subjects were identified from an international database of female BRCA mutation carriers and included women from 59 centres from ten countries. Subjects completed a questionnaire at [...]