A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC portant sur 430 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et sur 645 témoins, cette étude analyse l'effet d'une consommation d'alcool sur l'association entre les niveaux d'hormones sexuelles circulantes et le risque de développer la maladie après la ménopause

Mediation analysis of the alcohol-postmenopausal breast cancer relationship by sex hormones in the EPIC Cohort

Assi, Nada ; Rinaldi, Sabina ; Viallon, Vivian ; Dashti, S. Ghazaleh ; Dossus, Laure ; Fournier, Agnès ; Cervenka, Iris ; Kvaskoff, Marina ; Turzanski-Fortner, Renée ; Bergmann, Manuela ; Boeing, Heiner ; Panico, Salvatore ; Ricceri, Fulvio ; Palli, Domenico ; Tumino, Rosario ; Grioni, Sara ; Sánchez Pérez, María José ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Bonet, Catalina ; Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio ; Amiano Etxezarreta, Pilar ; Merino, Susana ; Bueno de Mesquita, Bas ; van Gils, Carla H. ; Onland-Moret, Charlotte ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Overvad, Kim ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Martimianaki, Georgia ; Karakatsani, Anna ; Key, Tim ; Chistakoudi, Sofia ; Ellingjord-Dale, Merete ; Tsilidis, Kostas ; Riboli, Elio ; Kaaks, Rudolf ; Gunter, Marc J ; Ferrari, Pietro

Alcohol consumption is associated with higher risk of breast cancer (BC); however, the biological mechanisms underlying this association are not fully elucidated, particularly the extent to which this relationship is mediated by sex hormone levels. Circulating concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, their free fractions and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), were examined in 430 incident BC cases and 645 matched controls among alcohol-consuming postmenopausal women nested within the [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données portant sur 46 155 patients atteints d'un cancer et 270 342 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre les niveaux de 6 acides gras poly-insaturés et le risque de développer la maladie ou la mortalité

Mendelian randomization study for genetically predicted polyunsaturated fatty acids levels on overall cancer risk and mortality

Liyanage, Upekha E. ; Ong, Jue-Sheng ; An, Jiyuan ; Gharahkhani, Puya ; Law, Matthew H. ; MacGregor, Stuart

Background : Observational studies evaluating the link between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cancers have yielded mixed findings. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate whether genetic evidence supports a causal role for PUFAs on overall cancer outcomes. Materials and Methods : We identified genetic instruments for 6 PUFAs from previous literature and evaluated their association with overall cancer risk (46,155 cases, 270,342 controls) and cancer mortality (6,998 deaths, [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mars 2017 (37 études), cette méta-analyse examine l'association entre une exposition aux fumées de soudage et le risque de cancer du poumon

Welding fumes and lung cancer: a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies

Honaryar, Manoj Kumar ; Lunn, Ruth M ; Luce, Danièle ; Ahrens, Wolfgang ; ’t Mannetje, Andrea ; Hansen, Johnni ; Bouaoun, Liacine ; Loomis, Dana ; Byrnes, Graham ; Vilahur, Nadia ; Stayner, Leslie ; Guha, Neela

Background : An estimated 110 million workers are exposed to welding fumes worldwide. Welding fumes are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as carcinogenic to humans (group 1), based on sufficient evidence of lung cancer from epidemiological studies. Objective : To conduct a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies on welding or exposure to welding fumes and risk of lung cancer, accounting for confounding by exposure to asbestos and tobacco smoking. Methods : [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis et à partir d'échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur 34 patients entre 2006 et 2010 (dont 28 positifs au papillomavirus humain), cette étude de séquençage du génome entier analyse l'effet de modifications du génome du HPV sur le développement des tumeurs épidermoïdes de l'oropharynx

Whole genome sequencing reveals complexity in both HPV sequences present and HPV integrations in HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas

Gao, Ge ; Wang, Jintu ; Kasperbauer, Jan L. ; Tombers, Nicole M. ; Teng, Fei ; Gou, Honglan ; Zhao, Yonggang ; Bao, Zhenhong ; Smith, David I.

Background : High risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) plays important roles in the development of cervical cancer, a number of other anogenital cancer and they are increasingly found in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), however there has not been comprehensive analysis about the role how these viruses play in the development of OPSCC. Methods : To characterize the physical status of HPV within OPSCC and to determine the effect this has throughout the host genome, we have performed [...]

A partir de données d'études d'association sur le génome entier, d'une méta-analyse et d'une cohorte incluant 1 275 personnes atteintes d'un cancer gastrique et 1 424 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre le variant rs2990245 situé dans le promoteur du pseudogène GBAP1 et le risque de cancer de l'estomac

A genetic variation in the CpG island of pseudogene GBAP1 promoter is associated with gastric cancer susceptibility

Ma, Gaoxiang ; Liu, Hanting ; Du, Mulong ; Zhang, Gang ; Lin, Yadi ; Ge, Yuqiu ; Wang, Meilin ; Jin, Guangfu ; Zhao, Qinghong ; Chu, Haiyan ; Gong, Weida ; Zhang, Zhengdong

Background : Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified that several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are implicated in gastric cancer (GC) risk. However, the multiple statistical comparisons of GWASs may reject some true biological positives with subthreshold P values. Methods : This study annotated the genomic locations of all CpG islands in the genome using the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE). The SNPs in the regions were then genotyped using the Illumina [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur 500 769 participants âgés de 37 à 73 ans (53,7% de femmes ; durée médiane de suivi : 7 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la multimorbidité et la mortalité par cancer ou toutes causes confondues (14 348 décès, 58.2% par cancer)

Relationship between multimorbidity, demographic factors and mortality: findings from the UK Biobank cohort

Jani, Bhautesh Dinesh ; Hanlon, Peter ; Nicholl, Barbara I. ; McQueenie, Ross ; Gallacher, Katie I. ; Lee, Duncan ; Mair, Frances S.

Background : Multimorbidity is associated with higher mortality, but the relationship with cancer and cardiovascular mortality is unclear. The influence of demographics and type of condition on the relationship of multimorbidity with mortality remains unknown. We examine the relationship between multimorbidity (number/type) and cause of mortality and the impact of demographic factors on this relationship. Methods : Data source: the UK Biobank; 500,769 participants; 37-73 years; 53.7% female. [...]

Menée in silico et à partir des données du projet "The Cancer Genome Atlas" portant sur 3 500 génotypes, cette étude d'association sur le génome entier analyse l'association entre des variations du nombre de copies de variants génétiques et le risque de cancer épithélial de l'ovaire

Genome-wide analysis of common copy number variation and epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Reid, Brett M. ; Permuth, Jennifer B ; Chen, Yian Ann ; Fridley, Brooke L. ; Iversen, Edwin S. ; Chen, Zhihua ; Jim, Heather ; Vierkant, Robert A. ; Cunningham, Julie M. ; Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S. ; Narod, Steven ; Risch, Harvey ; Schildkraut, Joellen M. ; Goode, Ellen L. ; Monteiro, Alvaro N. ; Sellers, Thomas A.

Background : Germline DNA copy number variation (CNV) is a ubiquitous source of genetic variation and remains largely unexplored in association with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk. Methods : CNV was quantified in the DNA of approximately 3500 cases and controls genotyped with the Illumina 610k and HumanOmni2.5M arrays. We performed a genome-wide association study of common (>1%) CNV regions (CNVRs) with EOC and high-grade serous (HGSOC) risk and, using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), [...]

Menée en Chine à partir de données de registres des cancers sur la période 2003-2010 impliquant 680 femmes atteintes d'un cancer du poumon et 1 808 témoins, cette étude analyse l'effet du tabagisme sur l'association entre les facteurs menstruels ou reproductifs et le risque de développer la maladie

Tobacco Smoking Modifies the Association between Hormonal Factors and Lung Cancer Occurrence among Post-Menopausal Chinese Women

Jin, Kexin ; Wu, Ming ; Zhou, Jin-Yi ; Yang, Jie ; Han, Ren-Qiang ; Jin, Zi-Yi ; Liu, Ai-Min ; Gu, Xiaoping ; Zhang, Xiao-Feng ; Wang, Xu-Shan ; Su, Ming ; Hu, Xu ; Sun, Zheng ; Li, Gang ; Kim, Claire H. ; Mu, Li-Na ; He, Na ; Zhao, Jin-Kou ; Zhang, Zuo-Feng

Inconsistent evidence has been reported on the role of female hormonal factors in the development of lung cancer. This population-based case–control study evaluated the main effect of menstrual/reproductive factors on the risk of lung cancer, and the effect modification by smoking status. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression models were applied adjusted for age, income, education, county of residence, body mass index, smoking status, pack-years of smoking, and family history of lung [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "the Nurses’ Health Study II" portant sur 610 femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et 1 207 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre les taux plasmatiques de vitamines B et de métabolites monocarbonés et le risque de développer la maladie, principalement chez les femmes ménopausées

Plasma B-vitamins and one-carbon metabolites and the risk of breast cancer in younger women

Houghton, Serena C. ; Eliassen, A. Heather ; Zhang, Shumin M. ; Selhub, Jacob ; Rosner, Bernard A. ; Willett, Walter C. ; Hankinson, Susan E.

Purpose : We examined the association of plasma B-vitamins and metabolites, and related genetic variants, with risk of breast cancer among predominantly premenopausal women. Methods : We conducted a nested case–control study within the Nurses’ Health Study II. From blood samples collected in 1996–1999 and follow-up through 2007, plasma measures were available for 610 cases and 1207 controls. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate relative risks (RR) of breast [...]

A partir du séquençage d'exomes complets de 120 témoins et 54 patientes appartenant à des familles ne présentant pas de mutation BRCA mais à risque élevé de cancer du sein, cette étude identifie une série de nouveaux variants de gènes de prédisposition à la maladie

Identification of candidate cancer predisposing variants by performing whole-exome sequencing on index patients from BRCA1 and BRCA2-negative breast cancer families

Shahi, Rajendra Bahadur ; De Brakeleer, Sylvia ; Caljon, Ben ; Pauwels, Ingrid ; Bonduelle, Maryse ; Joris, Sofie ; Fontaine, Christel ; Vanhoeij, Marian ; Van Dooren, Sonia ; Teugels, Erik ; De Greve, Jacques

Background : In the majority of familial breast cancer (BC) families, the etiology of the disease remains unresolved. To identify missing BC heritability resulting from relatively rare variants (minor allele frequency ≤ 1%), we have performed whole exome sequencing followed by variant analysis in a virtual panel of 492 cancer-associated genes on BC patients from BRCA1 and BRCA2 negative families with elevated BC risk. Methods : BC patients from 54 BRCA1 and BRCA2-negative families with elevated [...]

Menée auprès de 1 974 287 hommes nés en Norvège entre 1951 et 2015, cette étude analyse l'association entre des antécédents familiaux de cancer et le risque de cancer du testicule avant l'âge de 30 ans (2 686 cas)

Family history of cancer and risk of paediatric and young adult’s testicular cancer: A Norwegian cohort study

Del Risco Kollerud, Ruby ; Ruud, Ellen ; Haugnes, Hege S. ; Cannon-Albright, Lisa A. ; Thoresen, Magne ; Nafstad, Per ; Vlatkovic, Ljiljana ; Blaasaas, Karl Gerhard ; Næss, Øyvind ; Claussen, Bjørgulf

Background : The aim of this study was to examine the association of a family history of cancer with the risk of testicular cancer in young adults. Methods : This is a prospective cohort study including 1,974,287 males born 1951–2015, of whom 2686 were diagnosed with TC before the age of 30. Results : A history of TC in male relatives was significantly associated with a diagnosis of TC among children and young adults, including brothers (6.3-fold), sons (4.7-fold), fathers (4.4-fold), paternal [...]