A partir de l'analyse de documents gouvernementaux, cette étude compare les réglementations de cinq pays (Australie, France, Royaume-Uni, Nouvelle-Zélande et Norvège) sur les paquets neutres de cigarettes et passe en revue les différentes possibilités pour renforcer ces réglementations

Plain packaging: legislative differences in Australia, France, the UK, New Zealand and Norway, and options for strengthening regulations

Moodie, Crawford ; Hoek, Janet ; Scheffels, Janne ; Gallopel-Morvan, Karine ; Lindorff, Kylie

By July 2018, five countries (Australia, France, the UK, New Zealand and Norway) had fully implemented plain (standardised) packaging. Using government documents, we reviewed the key legislative differences between these five countries to identify best practice measures and potential lacuna. We then discuss how governments planning to introduce plain packaging could strengthen their legislation. Differences between countries include the terminology used (either ‘plain’, ‘standardised’ or ‘plain [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en février 2016 (33 études), cette étude identifie les mécanismes permettant d'expliquer l'efficacité d'une loi interdisant la vente de tabac aux mineurs pour réduire le tabagisme des jeunes, puis analyse les facteurs influençant ces mécanismes

How can a ban on tobacco sales to minors be effective in changing smoking behaviour among youth? — A realist review

Nuyts, Paulien A. W. ; Kuijpers, Thomas G. ; Willemsen, Marc C. ; Kunst, Anton E.

The aim of the study was to understand, from the perspective of youth, how and under which circumstances a ban on tobacco sales to minors can be effective in influencing youth smoking behaviour. We searched Medline, Embase, and PsychINFO in February 2016. A systematic search for studies about a ban on sales to minors and smoking behaviour was performed. Only studies that addressed potential mechanisms were included, resulting in thirty-three studies. We extracted evidence from 26 quantitative, [...]

A partir des données de deux enquêtes réalisées en 2014 et 2017 auprès de 27 801 et 27 901 participants, cette étude analyse, dans les 28 pays membres de l'Union Européenne, l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique ainsi que les facteurs associés à cette utilisation

Patterns, trends and determinants of e-cigarette use in 28 European Union Member States 2014–2017

Laverty, Anthony A. ; Filippidis, Filippos T. ; Vardavas, Constantine I.

There is a lack of nationally representative data on regular e-cigarette use, as well as on the transitioning from experimentation to regular use. This study examines changes in these in Europe between 2014 and 2017. Data come from the 2014 (n = 27,801) and 2017 (n = 27,901) adult Special Eurobarometer for Tobacco Survey, providing nationally representative surveys of 28 EU member states. We defined regular use of e-cigarettes as daily or weekly use from a question on frequency of e-cigarette [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur une cohorte de 942 906 patients atteints d'un reflux gastro-œsophagien pathologique, cette étude compare l'effet d'une chirurgie anti-reflux (48 414 patients ; âge médian : 66 ans ; durée médiane de suivi : 12,7 ans) et d'une médication seule (894 492 patients ; âge médian : 71 ans ; durée médiane de suivi : 4,8 ans) sur le risque d'adénocarcinome de l'œsophage

Risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma after antireflux surgery in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease in the nordic countries

Maret-Ouda, J. ; Wahlin, K. ; Artama, M. ; et al.,

Importance : Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with a strong and severity-dependent increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Whether antireflux surgery prevents esophageal adenocarcinoma is a matter of uncertainty. Objectives : To examine whether antireflux surgery is associated with reduced risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma and whether the risk is different between surgically and medically treated patients. Design, Setting, and Participants : In this multinational, [...]