Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 415 patientes afro-américaines atteintes d'un cancer de l'ovaire et sur 629 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre un indice permettant de définir trois types de régime alimentaire et le risque de développer la maladie

Dietary Quality and Ovarian Cancer Risk in African-American Women

Bo Qin ; Patricia G. Moorman ; Linda E. Kelemen ; Anthony J. Alberg ; Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan ; Melissa Bondy ; Michele L. Cote ; Ellen Funkhouser ; Edward S. Peters ; Ann G. Schwartz ; Paul Terry ; Joellen M. Schildkraut ; Elisa V. Bandera

This study evaluated 3 index-based dietary patterns—Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2005, HEI-2010, and Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010—in relation to ovarian cancer risk in African-American women. The study was conducted among 415 ovarian cancer cases and 629 age- and site-matched controls of African-American descent recruited from the population-based African American Cancer Epidemiology Study. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and [...]

Menée auprès de 57 participants ayant une pratique tabagique quotidienne de faible intensité, cette étude évalue l'effet, sur l'envie de fumer, d'exercices aérobiques réalisés avant ou après une tentative d'arrêt du tabagisme

Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Affect and Smoking Craving in the Weeks Before and After a Cessation Attempt

Abrantes, A. M. ; Farris, S. G. ; Minami, H. ; Strong, D. R. ; Riebe, D. ; Brown, R. A.

Introduction : Aerobic exercise may improve smoking abstinence via reductions in craving and negative affect, and increases in positive moods. Acute changes in craving and affect before and after structured exercise sessions have not been examined during the weeks prior to and following quit attempts, nor has smoking status been examined in relation to these effects. Given that regular cigarette smoking can be perceived as affect-enhancing and craving-reducing, it is not known whether exercise [...]

A partir d'un modèle de microsimulation, cette étude estime pour la Grande-Bretagne les bénéfices, en termes de santé et de coûts, d'une politique visant à abaisser le taux de tabagisme à moins de 5 % d'ici à 2035

Modelling the implications of reducing smoking prevalence : the public health and economic benefits of achieving a ‘tobacco-free’ UK

Hunt, Daniel ; Knuchel-Takano, André ; Jaccard, Abbygail ; Bhimjiyani, Arti ; Retat, Lise ; Selvarajah, Chit ; Brown, Katrina ; Webber, Laura L. ; Brown, Martin

Introduction : Smoking is still the most preventable cause of cancer, and a leading cause of premature mortality and health inequalities in the UK. This study modelled the health and economic impacts of achieving a ‘tobacco-free’ ambition (TFA) where, by 2035, less than 5% of the population smoke tobacco across all socioeconomic groups. Methods : A non-linear multivariate regression model was fitted to cross-sectional smoking data to create projections to 2035. These projections were used to [...]

Menée à partir des données du marché international (Euromonitor International), de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé et de la Banque Mondiale, cette étude analyse l'effet des politiques du programme MPOWER sur la prévalence du tabagisme et la consommation de cigarettes

The effect of MPOWER scores on cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption

Ngo, Anh ; Cheng, Kai-Wen ; Chaloupka, Frank J. ; Shang, Ce

Background : The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the MPOWER package to support policy implementation under the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). This study examined the effect of MPOWER policies on smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption in a global context. Methods : The MPOWER composite score was constructed by adding up the six MPOWER scores for each country and survey year 2007–2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014, with a possible range between 6 (1 in each of the six [...]