Menée en Chine à partir de données portant sur 2 530 patients atteints d'un cancer du rhinopharynx et sur 2 595 témoins sur la période 2010-2014, cette étude évalue l'association entre un tabagisme, passif ou actif, et le risque de développer la maladie

Active and Passive Smoking and Risk of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Southern China

Ellen T. Chang; ; Zhiwei Liu; ; Allan Hildesheim; ; Qing Liu; ; Yonglin Cai; ; Zhe Zhang; ; Guomin Chen; ; Shang-Hang Xie; ; Su-Mei Cao; ; Jian-Yong Shao;

The magnitude and patterns of associations between smoking and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in high-incidence regions remain uncertain. Associations with active and passive tobacco smoking were estimated using multivariate logistic regression in a population-based case-control study of 2,530 NPC cases and 2,595 controls in Guangdong and Guangxi, southern China, in 2010–2014. Among men, risk of NPC was significantly higher in current smokers compared with never smokers (odds ratio (OR) [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 303 620 participants, cette étude de cohorte rétrospective évalue l'association entre des mesures de l'adiposité à 18, 35 et 50 ans et le risque de cancer primitif du foie

Adiposity across the adult life course and incidence of primary liver cancer: The NIH-AARP cohort

Yang, Baiyu ; Petrick, Jessica L. ; Kelly, Scott P. ; Graubard, Barry I. ; Freedman, Neal D. ; McGlynn, Katherine A.

Obesity relatively late in adulthood has been consistently associated with increased risk of primary liver cancer. However, little is known about the role of early adult adiposity and evolution of adiposity across adulthood in hepatocarcinogenesis. We examined adult body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in a large prospective cohort. Weight at ages 18, 35, 50 and at study baseline was retrospectively reported by [...]

A partir de données de 7 études de cohortes européennes incluant 18 668 hommes et 24 751 femmes (âge médian : 62 et 63 ans), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre divers indicateurs de l'obésité, la distribution du tissu adipeux et le risque de cancer (durée médiane de suivi : 12 ans ; 1 656 cas de cancers liés à l'obésité)

Comparison of general obesity and measures of body fat distribution in older adults in relation to cancer risk: meta-analysis of individual participant data of seven prospective cohorts in Europe

Freisling, Heinz ; Arnold, Melina ; Soerjomataram, Isabelle ; O'Doherty, Mark George ; Ordóñez-Mena, José Manuel ; Bamia, Christina ; Kampman, Ellen ; Leitzmann, Michael ; Romieu, Isabelle ; Kee, Frank ; Tsilidis, Konstantinos ; Tjonneland, Anne ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Boffetta, Paolo ; Benetou, Vassiliki ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. ; Huerta, José María ; Brenner, Hermann ; Wilsgaard, Tom ; Jenab, Mazda

Background: We evaluated the associations of anthropometric indicators of general obesity (body mass index, BMI), an established risk factor of various cancer, and body fat distribution (waist circumference, WC; hip circumference, HC; and waist-to-hip ratio, WHR), which may better reflect metabolic complications of obesity, with total obesity-related and site-specific (colorectal and postmenopausal breast) cancer incidence. Methods: This is a meta-analysis of seven prospective cohort studies [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par questionnaire auprès de 303 094 participants, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une alimentation riche en graisses à l'adolescence et en milieu de vie et le risque de développer un cancer du pancréas (durée moyenne de suivi : 10,1 ans, 1 322 cas de cancer)

A Cohort Study of Adolescent and Midlife Diet and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Vanessa L. Z. Gordon-Dseagu; ; Frances E. Thompson; ; Amy F. Subar; ; Elizabeth H. Ruder; ; Anne C. M. Thiébaut; ; Nancy Potischman; ; Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon

Given the long latency period of pancreatic cancer, exploring the influence of early and midlife exposures will further advance our understanding of the disease. We assessed associations between diet and pancreatic cancer incidence in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP (formerly American Association of Retired Persons) Diet and Health Study. In 1996, a total of 303,094 participants completed 2 food frequency questionnaires that assessed diet at ages 12–13 years and 10 years [...]

Menée en Allemagne à partir de données portant sur des employés d'une mine d'uranium, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à du quartz cristallin, une silicose et le risque de cancer du poumon par sous-type

Influence of quartz exposure on lung cancer types in cases of lymph node-only silicosis and lung silicosis in German uranium miners

Mielke, Stefan ; Taeger, Dirk ; Weitmann, Kerstin ; Brüning, Thomas ; Hoffmann, Wolfgang

Objective Inhaled crystalline quartz is carcinogen. Analyses shown differences in the distribution of lung cancer types depending on the status of silicosis. Methods 2,524 lung tumor cases from the WISMUT autopsy repository database were used. Silicosis was differentiated in cases without silicosis in lung parenchyma and its lymph nodes, with lymph node-only silicosis or with lung silicosis including lymph node silicosis. The proportions of adenocarcinoma, squamous cell and small cell lung [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 2 800 hommes homosexuels âgés de 40 à 70 ans, cette étude de cohorte prospective analyse les disparités ethniques dans l'association entre une infection par le VIH et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Racial differences in prostate cancer risk in young HIV-positive and HIV-negative men: a prospective cohort study

Dutta, Anupriya ; Uno, Hajime ; Holman, Alex ; Lorenz, David R. ; Gabuzda, Dana

Purpose : African American men have the highest incidence of prostate cancer among ethnic groups, and racial disparity is highest in younger men. Prostate cancer prevalence is rising in HIV-infected men due to improved survival on antiretroviral therapies, yet little is known about racial differences in prostate cancer risk by HIV-infection status and age. Methods : This is a prospective cohort study of prostate cancer risk in 2,800 HIV-infected and -uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM) [...]

Menée à partir d'échantillons sanguins prélevés avant le diagnostic sur 694 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate et sur 703 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre le niveau de méthylation de l'ADN du chromosome 8q24 contenu dans le sang périphérique et le risque de développer la maladie

Prospective study of DNA methylation at chromosome 8q24 in peripheral blood and prostate cancer risk

Barry, Kathryn Hughes ; Moore, Lee E. ; Sampson, Joshua N. ; Koutros, Stella ; Yan, Liying ; Meyer, Ann ; Reddy, Mahitha ; Oler, Andrew J. ; Cook, Michael B. ; Fraumeni Jr, Joseph F. ; Yeager, Meredith ; Amundadottir, Laufey T. ; Berndt, Sonja I.

Background:Chromosome 8q24 has emerged as an important genetic susceptibility region for several cancers, including prostate cancer; however, little is known about the contribution of DNA methylation in this region to risk. Methods:We prospectively evaluated DNA methylation at 8q24 in relation to prostate cancer using pre-diagnostic blood samples from 694 prostate cancer cases (including 172 aggressive cases) and 703 controls in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. [...]