A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en avril 2015 (10 articles), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation de thé vert et le risque de cancer du foie

Green Tea Consumption and the Risk of Liver Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Ni, Chen-Xu ; Gong, Hong ; Liu, Ying ; Qi, Yang ; Jiang, Chun-Lei ; Zhang, Jun-Ping

Green tea is a commonly consumed beverage in Asia and has been suggested to have anticarcinogenic properties. To date, epidemiological evidence of the effect of green tea consumption on liver cancer risk remains ambiguous. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between green tea consumption and the risk of liver cancer. The summary relative risk for the highest consumption (≥5 cups/day) of green tea on liver cancer incidence compared with nondrinkers was 0.62 (95% [...]

Cet article passe en revue les effets de différents régimes alimentaires et composés phytochimiques sur les mécanismes épigénétiques, la carcinogenèse et la croissance tumorale

Impact of Phytochemicals and Dietary Patterns on Epigenome and Cancer

Zam, Wissam ; Khadour, Aziz

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death around the world. Initially it is recognized as a genetic disease, but now it is known to involve epigenetic abnormalities along with genetic alterations. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes that are not encoded in the DNA sequence itself, but play an important role in the control of gene expression. It includes changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA interference. Although it is heritable, environmental factors such as [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 477 312 hommes et femmes inclus dans la cohorte EPIC (durée moyenne de suivi : 11 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de différentes classes de flavonoïde et le risque de cancer colorectal (4 517 cas)

Dietary flavonoid intake and colorectal cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Zamora-Ros, Raul ; Barupal, Dinesh K. ; Rothwell, Joseph A. ; Jenab, Mazda ; Fedirko, Veronika ; Romieu, Isabelle ; Aleksandrova, Krasimira ; Overvad, Kim ; Kyrø, Cecilie ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Affret, Aurélie ; His, Mathilde ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Katzke, Verena ; Kühn, Tilman ; Boeing, Heiner ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Naska, Androniki ; Kritikou, Maria ; Saieva, Calogero ; Agnoli, Claudia ; Santucci De Magistris, Maria ; Tumino, Rosario ; Fasanelli, Francesca ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Skeie, Guri ; Merino, Susana ; Jakszyn, Paula ; Sánchez, María-José ; Dorronsoro, Miren ; Navarro, Carmen ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Sonestedt, Emily ; Ericson, Ulrika ; Maria Nilsson, Lena ; Bodén, Stina ; Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. ; Peeters, Petra H. ; Perez-Cornago, Aurora ; Wareham, Nicholas J. ; Khaw, Kay-Thee ; Freisling, Heinz ; Cross, Amanda J. ; Riboli, Elio ; Scalbert, Augustin

Flavonoids have been shown to inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro and protect against colorectal carcinogenesis in animal models. However, epidemiological evidence on the potential role of flavonoid intake in colorectal cancer (CRC) development remains sparse and inconsistent. We evaluated the association between dietary intakes of total flavonoids and their subclasses and risk of development of CRC, within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'un modèle murin de cancer du côlon induit chimiquement, cette étude montre que l'activité chimiopréventive de l'aspirine contre certains cancers peut s'expliquer en partie par l'inhibition de la cyclo-oxygénase plaquettaire de type 1

Unlocking Aspirin's Chemopreventive Activity : Role of Irreversibly Inhibiting Platelet Cyclooxygenase-1

Lichtenberger, Lenard M. ; Fang, Dexing ; Bick, Roger J. ; Poindexter, Brian J. ; Phan, Tri ; Bergeron, Angela L. ; Pradhan, Subhashree ; Dial, Elizabeth J. ; Vijayan, K. Vinod

The mechanism by which aspirin consumption is linked to significant reductions in the incidence of multiple forms of cancer and metastatic spread to distant tissues, resulting in increased cancer patient survival is not well understood. In this study, using colon cancer as an example, we provide both in vitro (cell culture) and in vivo (chemically induced mouse model of colon cancer) evidence that this profound antineoplastic action may be associated with aspirin's ability to irreversibly [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'un modèle murin de cancer du sein sensible aux estrogènes, cette étude analyse les effets chimiopréventifs et thérapeutiques des tocophérols gamma et delta

Inhibitory effects of γ- and δ-tocopherols on estrogen-stimulated breast cancer in vitro and in vivo

Bak, Min Ji ; Das Gupta, Soumyasri ; Wahler, Joseph ; Lee, Hong Jin ; Li, Xiaowei ; Lee, Mao-Jung ; Yang, Chung S. ; Suh, Nanjoo

Estrogens have been implicated as complete carcinogens for breast and other tissues through mechanisms involving increased cell proliferation, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Because of their potent antioxidant activity and other effects, tocopherols have been shown to exert anti-tumor activities in various cancers. However, limited information is available on the effect of different forms of tocopherols in estrogen-mediated breast cancer. To address this, we examined the effects of

Mené auprès de 2 471 participantes en bonne santé et présentant un risque élevé de cancer du sein (durée médiane de suivi : 18,4 ans), cet essai randomisé évalue l'effet d'une dose quotidienne de tamoxifène sur le risque de développer certains sous-types moléculaires de cancer du sein

Immunohistochemical phenotype of breast cancer during 25-year follow-up of the Royal Marsden Tamoxifen Prevention Trial

Detre, Simone ; Ashley, Susan ; Mohammed, Kabir ; Smith, Ian E. ; Powles, Trevor ; Dowsett, Mitch

Background : The randomized double-blinded Royal Marsden Tamoxifen Breast Cancer Prevention Trial in healthy high-risk women started in 1986 and is still blinded. 2471 eligible participants were randomly assigned to tamoxifen (20mg/day) or placebo for 8 years. Analysis in 2006 showed a 30% risk reduction of ER-positive invasive breast cancer mostly in the post treatment period. Biomarker analysis in this population may identify any sub-group specific preventive effects tamoxifen. Methods : [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études récentes sur les mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires impliqués dans la tumorigenèse mammaire chez les femmes porteuses d'une mutation BRCA1, le rôle des voies de signalisation RANK et NF-kappaB dans cette tumorigenèse et l'intérêt de les cibler pour prévenir le risque de développer la maladie

Out-RANKing BRCA1 in Mutation Carriers

Nolan, Emma ; Lindeman, Geoffrey J. ; Visvader, Jane E.

Beyond prophylactic mastectomy, there are currently very few options available to BRCA1 mutation carriers to help reduce their risk of developing breast cancer. An effective prevention therapy therefore remains a pressing area of need. Accumulating evidence points to amplification of the progesterone signaling axis in precancerous tissue from BRCA1 mutation carriers. Given that RANKL is an important paracrine mediator of hormonal signaling in breast tissue, there has been considerable interest [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de l'analyse d'auto-prélèvements génitaux collectés entre 2013 et 2014 auprès de1 868 hommes âgés de 18 à 59 ans, cette étude estime le taux d'infections génitales par le papillomavirus humain ainsi que le taux de couverture vaccinale, puis analyse les facteurs de risque associés à une infection par ce virus

Prevalence of genital human papillomavirus infection and human papillomavirus vaccination rates among US adult men : National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2013-2014

Han, J. J. ; Beltran, T. H. ; Song, J. W. ; Klaric, J. ; Choi, Y.

Importance : Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that is a major cause of noncervical anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Prophylactic HPV vaccine is available for primary prevention. However, the population prevalence data for male genital HPV infection is not well known, while the HPV vaccination coverage is low in the United States. Objectives : To estimate the prevalence of genital HPV infection and the HPV vaccination rate in the United States among [...]