A partir des données de la cohorte "Women's Health Initiative" incluant 80 943 participantes sur la période 1994-2014, cette étude évalue l'association entre des variations de poids au début et au milieu de l'âge adulte et le risque de cancer lié à l'obésité (sein, endomètre, côlon-rectum) après la ménopause (7 464 cas)

Weight fluctuation and cancer risk in post-menopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative

Welti, Laura M ; Beavers, Daniel P ; Caan, Bette J. ; Sangi-Haghpekar, Haleh ; Vitolins, Mara Z. ; Beavers, Kristen M

Background:Weight cycling, defined by an intentional weight loss and subsequent regain, commonly occurs in overweight and obese women and is associated with some negative health outcomes. We examined the role of various weight-change patterns during early to mid- adulthood and associated risk of highly prevalent, obesity-related cancers (breast, endometrial, colorectal) in postmenopausal women. Methods:80,943 postmenopausal women (age: 63.4±7.4 years) in the Women's Health Initiative [...]

Menée en Suède et au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur 16 026 salariés de l'industrie du caoutchouc employés après 1975, cette étude évalue l'évolution de l'incidence de cancer (846 cas)

Cancer incidence in cohorts of workers in the rubber manufacturing industry first employed since 1975 in the UK and Sweden

Boniol, M ; Koechlin, A ; Sorahan, T ; Jakobsson, K ; Boyle, P

Objectives : Increased cancer risks have been reported among workers in the rubber manufacturing industry employed before the 1960s, but it is unclear for workers hired subsequently. The present study focused on cancer incidence among rubber workers first employed after 1975 in Sweden and the UK. Methods : Two cohorts of rubber workers employed for at least 1 year were analysed. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs), based on country-specific and period-specific incidence rates, were analysed [...]

Mené aux Etats-Unis par questionnaires auprès de 53 454 participants fumeurs, cet essai évalue l'association entre des antécédents d'activité professionnelle dans le secteur de la métallurgie (travaux de soudure ou de fonderie) et le risque de cancer du poumon (2 034 cas)

Lung cancer risk in welders and foundry workers with a history of heavy smoking in the USA: The National Lung Screening Trial

Wong, Jason Y Y ; Bassig, Bryan A ; Seow, Wei Jie ; Hu, Wei ; Ji, Bu-Tian ; Blair, Aaron ; Silverman, Debra T ; Lan, Qing

Objectives : Foundry work is a risk factor for lung cancer; however, the association with welding is unclear, as smoking is common among metalworkers and may mask the relationship. We evaluated whether history of welding and foundry work, independently and jointly, and employment duration were associated with lung cancer risk in heavy smokers. Methods : We analysed data from the National Lung Screening Trial, a prospective randomised trial of 53 454 heavy smokers (>30 pack-years) in the USA. [...]

A partir des données de 14 cohortes européennes incluant 289 002 participants, cette étude évalue l'association entre la pollution de l'air atmosphérique près du lieu de résidence et le risque de cancer du parenchyme rénal

Outdoor air pollution and risk for kidney parenchyma cancer in 14 European cohorts

Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole ; Pedersen, Marie ; Stafoggia, Massimo ; Weinmayr, Gudrun ; Andersen, Zorana J. ; Galassi, Claudia ; Sommar, Johan ; Forsberg, Bertil ; Olsson, David ; Oftedal, Bente ; Krog, Norun H. ; Aasvang, Gunn Marit ; Pyko, Andrei ; Pershagen, Göran ; Korek, Michal ; De Faire, Ulf ; Pedersen, Nancy L. ; Östenson, Claes-Göran ; Fratiglioni, Laura ; Sørensen, Mette ; Eriksen, Kirsten T. ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Peeters, Petra H. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas ; Plusquin, Michelle ; Key, Timothy J. ; Jaensch, Andrea ; Nagel, Gabriele ; Föger, Bernhard ; Wang, Meng ; Tsai, Ming-Yi ; Grioni, Sara ; Marcon, Alessandro ; Krogh, Vittorio ; Ricceri, Fulvio ; Sacerdote, Carlotta ; Migliore, Enrica ; Tamayo, Ibon ; Amiano, Pilar ; Dorronsoro, Miren ; Sokhi, Ranjeet ; Kooter, Ingeborg ; de Hoogh, Kees ; Beelen, Rob ; Eeftens, Marloes ; Vermeulen, Roel ; Vineis, Paolo ; Brunekreef, Bert ; Hoek, Gerard

Several studies have indicated weakly increased risk for kidney cancer among occupational groups exposed to gasoline vapors, engine exhaust, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other air pollutants, although not consistently. It was the aim to investigate possible associations between outdoor air pollution at the residence and the incidence of kidney parenchyma cancer in the general population. We used data from 14 European cohorts from the ESCAPE study. We geocoded and assessed air pollution [...]

Menée en Suède à partir de données portant sur 1 160 351 participantes entre 2005 et 2012, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer de l'œsophage ou de cancer de l'estomac

Menopausal hormone therapy and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer

Brusselaers, Nele ; Maret-Ouda, John ; Konings, Peter ; El-Serag, Hashem B. ; Lagergren, Jesper

A protective effect of female sex hormones has been suggested to explain the male predominance in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma, but evidence is lacking. We aimed to test whether menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) decreases the risk of these tumors. For comparison, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was also assessed. This population-based matched cohort study included all women who had ever used systemic MHT in Sweden in 2005–2012. A comparison cohort of non-users of MHT was matched to [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 540 patients atteints de mélanome et sur 540 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre les niveaux sanguins de la 5-méthylcytosine, un marqueur de la méthylation de l'ADN, et le risque de développer la maladie, en prenant en compte la pigmentation et l'exposition solaire

Global methylation of blood leukocyte DNA and risk of melanoma

Shen, Jie ; Song, Renduo ; Wan, Jie ; Huff, Chad ; Fang, Shenying ; Lee, Jeffrey E. ; Zhao, Hua

Global DNA methylation, possibly influenced by lifestyle and environmental factors, has been suggested to play an active role in carcinogenesis. However, its role in melanoma has rarely been explored. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationship between melanoma risk and levels of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), a marker for global DNA methylation, in blood leukocyte DNA, and to determine whether this 5-mC level is influenced by pigmentation and sun exposure. This case-control study [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur 1 547 patients atteints d'un carcinome à cellules rénales et sur 6 066 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge et le risque de développer la maladie (durée médiane de suivi : 6 ans)

The association between age-related macular degeneration and renal cell carcinoma: a nested case-control study

Keizman, Daniel ; Yang, Yu-Xiao ; Gottfried, Maya ; Dresler, Hadas ; Leibovitch, Ilan ; Haynes, Kevin ; Mamtani, Ronac ; Boursi, Ben

Background: Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor is implicated in the pathogenesis of both renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We evaluated the association between age-related macular degeneration and RCC risk. Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study within a population-representative database from the United Kingdom (UK). Study cases were defined as individuals with any diagnostic code of RCC. For every case, four eligible controls [...]

Menée aux Pays-Bas à partir de données portant sur 211 femmes atteintes d'un diabète, traité ou non par insuline, et sur 101 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre cette pathologie et le risque de développer divers sous-types de cancer du sein

Diabetes and Breast Cancer Subtypes

Bronsveld, Heleen K. ; Jensen, Vibeke ; Vahl, Pernille ; De Bruin, Marie L. ; Cornelissen, Sten ; Sanders, Joyce ; Auvinen, Anssi ; Haukka, Jari ; Andersen, Morten ; Vestergaard, Peter ; Schmidt, Marjanka K.

Background : Women with diabetes have a worse survival after breast cancer diagnosis compared to women without diabetes. This may be due to a different etiological profile, leading to the development of more aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Our aim was to investigate whether insulin and non-insulin treated women with diabetes develop specific clinicopathological breast cancer subtypes compared to women without diabetes. Methods and Findings : This cross-sectional study included randomly [...]

Menée en Australie à partir de 4 320 clichés mammographiques réalisés sur 970 participantes (âgées de 24 à 83 ans), cette étude longitudinale évalue l'association entre des mesures de la densité mammaire et le risque de cancer du sein

Longitudinal study of mammographic density measures that predict breast cancer risk

Krishnan, Kavitha ; Baglietto, Laura ; Stone, Jennifer ; Simpson, Julie A ; Severi, Gianluca ; Evans, Christopher ; MacInnis, Robert J ; Giles, Graham G ; Apicella, Carmel ; Hopper, John L.

BACKGROUND: After adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI), mammographic measures - dense area (DA), percent dense area (PDA) and non-dense area (NDA) - are associated with breast cancer risk. Our aim was to use longitudinal data to estimate the extent to which these risk-predicting measures track over time. METHODS: We collected 4,320 mammograms (age range, 24-83 years) from 970 women in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study and the Australian Breast Cancer Family Registry. Women had on [...]