Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 2 021 cas et 40 356 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le tabagisme maternel pendant la grossesse et le risque de cancer chez l'enfant avant l'âge de 5 ans

Smoking in pregnancy and risk of cancer among young children: A population-based study

Heck, Julia E. ; Contreras, Zuelma A. ; Park, Andrew S. ; Davidson, Tom B. ; Cockburn, Myles ; Ritz, Beate

Smoking during pregnancy is a plausible risk factor for childhood cancer, yet previous studies have yielded conflicting results, and few prospective studies have been published. Data on maternal smoking were obtained from California birth certificates. We linked California birth certificates (births 2007–2011) with California Cancer Registry records for childhood cancer cases (diagnosed January 2007–September 2013) that were ages 5 or younger at diagnosis (N cases = 2,021). Controls [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (4 études de cohorte, 10 études cas-témoins, 10 121 cas), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation de viande rouge, de viandes transformées et le risque de lymphome non hodgkinien

Meat intake and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Solimini, Angelo G. ; Lombardi, Anna Maria ; Palazzo, Caterina ; Giusti, Maria

Purpose : High intake of meat has been inconsistently associated with increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We carried out a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence of published observational studies reporting association between red meat and processed meat intake and NHL risk. Methods : Analytical studies reporting relative risks with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) for the association between intake of red and/or processed meat and NHL or major histological subtypes were eligible. [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 492 cas et 696 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle mesurée 1 an avant le diagnostic, la prise de poids depuis l'âge de 18 ans et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire chez des femmes d'origine afro-américaine

Obesity, weight gain, and ovarian cancer risk in African American women

Bandera, Elisa V. ; Qin, Bo ; Moorman, Patricia G. ; Alberg, Anthony J. ; Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S. ; Bondy, Melissa ; Coté, Michele L. ; Funkhouser, Ellen ; Peters, Edward S. ; Schwartz, Ann G. ; Terry, Paul ; Schildkraut, Joellen M.

Although there is growing evidence that higher adiposity increases ovarian cancer risk, little is known about its impact in African American (AA) women, the racial/ethnic group with the highest prevalence of obesity. We evaluated the impact of body mass index (BMI) 1 year before diagnosis and weight gain since age 18 years on ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study in AA women in 11 geographical areas in the US. Cases (n = 492) and age and site matched controls (n = 696) [...]

A partir de données issues de 3 cohortes américaines incluant un total de 310 290 femmes blanches âgées de plus de 50 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre la parité, l'utilisation d'une contraception orale et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire après la ménopause

Parity and Oral Contraceptive Use in Relation to Ovarian Cancer Risk in Older Women

McGuire, Valerie ; Hartge, Patricia ; Liao, Linda M ; Sinha, Rashmi ; Bernstein, Leslie ; Canchola, Alison J. ; Anderson, Garnet L. ; Stefanick, Marcia ; Whittemore, Alice S.

Background: Several studies have suggested that the ovarian cancer risk reductions associated with parity and oral contraceptive use are weaker in postmenopausal than premenopausal women; yet little is known about the persistence of these reductions as women age. This question gains importance with the increasing numbers of older women in the population. Methods: We addressed the question using data from three large US cohort studies involving 310,290 white women aged 50+ years at recruitment, [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre le niveau d'hormones sexuelles, endogènes et exogènes, chez les femmes et le risque de cancer des kératinocytes

Sex hormones and the risk of keratinocyte cancers among women in the United States: A population-based case–control study

Kuklinski, Lawrence F. ; Zens, Michael S. ; Perry, Ann E. ; Gossai, Anala ; Nelson, Heather H. ; Karagas, Margaret R.

Men are at a higher risk of developing both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) than women, but there is emerging evidence that women may be experiencing greater increases in the incidence rates of these malignancies than men. One possible explanation is the expanding use of sex steroids among women, although only a few studies have examined this hypothesis. As part of a population-based, case–control study of women in New Hampshire, USA, we sought to evaluate the risk [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 409 cas (164 cas de cancer de l'oropharynx et 245 cas non oropharyngés) et 694 témoins entre 2004 et 2014, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par le virus de l'hépatite C et le risque de cancers de la tête et du cou

Association Between Hepatitis C Virus and Head and Neck Cancers

Mahale, Parag ; Sturgis, Erich M. ; Tweardy, David J. ; Ariza-Heredia, Ella J. ; Torres, Harrys A.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In 2009, MD Anderson established the first US clinic for treating HCV-infected cancer patients, where we observed an unexpectedly large number of patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs). We sought to determine whether HCV is associated with HNCs. Methods: In this case-control study, medical records of cancer patients tested for HCV antibodies at our center from 2004 through [...]

Menée en Suède auprès de 1 409 femmes présentant un syndrome de Turner (monosomie du chromosome X) et 1 085 hommes présentant un syndrome de Klinefelter (disomie du chromosome X), cette étude évalue, dans ces deux populations, le risque de tumeurs solides ou de cancers hématologiques

Risk of solid tumors and hematological malignancy in persons with Turner and Klinefelter syndromes: A national cohort study

Ji, Jianguang ; Zöller, Bengt ; Sundquist, Jan ; Sundquist, Kristina

The risk of solid and hematological malignancy in patients with Turner syndrome, characterized by X chromosome monosomy in women, and Klinefelter syndrome, characterized with two and more X chromosomes in men, is not well established, but such evidence may have etiological implications on cancer development. We identified a total of 1,409 women with Turner syndrome and 1,085 men with Klinefelter syndrome from the Swedish Hospital Discharge and Outpatient Register. These individuals were further [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature, cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de cancer, en fonction de l'appartenance ethnique, du sexe et du statut ménopausique

Associations of body mass index with cancer incidence among populations, genders, and menopausal status: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang, Jun ; Yang, Dong-Lin ; Chen, Zhong-Zhu ; Gou, Ben-Fu

In order to further reveal the differences of association between body mass index (BMI) and cancer incidence across populations, genders, and menopausal status, we performed comprehensive meta-analysis with eligible citations. The risk ratio (RR) of incidence at 10 different cancer sites (per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI) were quantified separately by employing generalized least-squares to estimate trends, and combined by meta-analyses. We observed significantly stronger association between [...]

Menée sur 92 patients atteints d'un mélanome à haut risque, cette étude analyse la fréquence des mutations constitutionnelles dans 120 gènes susceptibles de conférer un risque de mélanome

The role of germline alterations in the DNA damage response genes BRIP1 and BRCA2 in melanoma susceptibility

Tuominen, Rainer ; Engström, Pär G. ; Helgadottir, Hildur ; Eriksson, Hanna ; Unneberg, Per ; Kjellqvist, Sanela ; Yang, Muyi ; Lindén, Diana ; Edsgärd, Daniel ; Hansson, Johan ; Höiom, Veronica

We applied a targeted sequencing approach to identify germline mutations conferring a moderately to highly increased risk of cutaneous and uveal melanoma. Ninety-two high-risk melanoma patients were screened for inherited variation in 120 melanoma candidate genes. Observed gene variants were filtered based on frequency in reference populations, co-segregation with melanoma in families and predicted functional effect. Several novel or rare genetic variants in genes involved in DNA damage [...]

Menée en Pologne sur 383 patients atteints d'un cancer du pancréas et sur 4 000 témoins, cette étude analyse la présence de 10 mutations fondatrices dans 4 gènes (BRCA1, CHEK2, NBS1 et PALB2), puis évalue l'association entre ces mutations et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Do founder mutations characteristic of some cancer sites also predispose to pancreatic cancer?

Lener, Marcin R. ; Scott, Rodney J. ; Kluzniak, Wojciech ; Baszuk, Piotr ; Cybulski, Cezary ; Wiechowska-Kozłowska, Anna ; Huzarski, Tomasz ; Byrski, Tomasz ; Kładny, Józef ; Pietrzak, Sandra ; Soluch, Agnieszka ; Jakubowska, Anna ; Lubinski, Jan

Understanding of the etiology and risk of pancreatic cancer (PaCa) is still poorly understood. This study evaluated the prevalence of 10 Polish founder mutations in four genes among PaCa patients and assessed their possible association with the risk of disease in Poland. In the study 383 PaCa patients and 4,000 control subjects were genotyped for founder mutations in: BRCA1 (5382insC, 4153delA, C61G), CHEK2 (1100delC, IVS2 + 1G > A, del5395, I157T), NBS1 (657del5) and PALB2 (509_510delGA, [...]

Menée sur 71 patients atteints d'un cancer métastatique de la prostate résistant à la castration, cette étude analyse la présence de mutations constitutionnelles dans 157 gènes associés au risque de cancer

Determining the frequency of pathogenic germline variants from exome sequencing in patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer

Hart, Steven N ; Ellingson, Marissa S ; Schahl, Kim ; Vedell, Peter T ; Carlson, Rachel E ; Sinnwell, Jason P ; Barman, Poulami ; Sicotte, Hugues ; Eckel-Passow, Jeanette E ; Wang, Liguo ; Kalari, Krishna R ; Qin, Rui ; Kruisselbrink, Teresa M ; Jimenez, Rafael E ; Bryce, Alan H ; Tan, Winston ; Weinshilboum, Richard ; Wang, Liewei ; Kohli, Manish

Objectives To determine the frequency of pathogenic inherited mutations in 157 select genes from patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Design Observational.Setting Multisite US-based cohort. Participants Seventy-one adult male patients with histological confirmation of prostate cancer, and had progressive disease while on androgen deprivation therapy. Results Twelve patients (17.4%) showed evidence of carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in [...]

A partir de données de 6 cohortes incluant 6 875 cas et 8 104 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau de folates circulants, de vitamine B12 et le risque de cancer de la prostate, en fonction du grade et du stade de la maladie

Circulating Folate and Vitamin B12 and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Collaborative Analysis of Individual Participant Data from Six Cohorts Including 6875 Cases and 8104 Controls

Price, Alison J. ; Travis, Ruth C. ; Appleby, Paul N. ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio ; Bjørge, Tone ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; Chen, Chu ; Donovan, Jenny ; Gislefoss, Randi ; Goodman, Gary ; Gunter, Marc ; Hamdy, Freddie C. ; Johansson, Mattias ; King, Irena B. ; Kühn, Tilman ; Mannisto, Satu ; Martin, Richard M. ; Meyer, Klaus ; Neal, David E. ; Neuhouser, Marian L. ; Nygård, Ottar ; Stattin, Pär ; Tell, Grethe S. ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Tumino, Rosario ; Ueland, Per Magne ; Ulvik, Arve ; de Vogel, Stefan ; Vollset, Stein Emil ; Weinstein, Stephanie J. ; Key, Timothy J. ; Allen, Naomi E.

Background : Folate and vitamin B12 are essential for maintaining DNA integrity and may influence prostate cancer (PCa) risk, but the association with clinically relevant, advanced stage, and high-grade disease is unclear. Objective : To investigate the associations between circulating folate and vitamin B12 concentrations and risk of PCa overall and by disease stage and grade. Design, setting, and participants : A study was performed with a nested case–control design based on individual [...]

Couplée aux données de la cohorte "Women's Health Initiative Observational Study" incluant 93 676 participantes, et portant sur 313 cas et 354 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau sérique d'œstrogènes, de métabolites des œstrogènes et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre chez des femmes après la ménopause

Serum estrogen and estrogen metabolites and endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women

Brinton, Louise A. ; Trabert, Britton ; Anderson, Garnet L. ; Falk, Roni T. ; Felix, Ashley S ; Fuhrman, Barbara J. ; Gass, Margery L. ; Kuller, Lewis H. ; Pfeiffer, Ruth M. ; Rohan, Thomas E. ; Strickler, Howard D. ; Xu, Xia ; Wentzensen, Nicolas

Background: Although endometrial cancer is clearly influenced by hormonal factors, few epidemiologic studies have investigated the role of endogenous estrogens or especially estrogen metabolites. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS), a cohort of 93,676 postmenopausal women recruited between 1993-1998. Using baseline serum samples from women who were non-current hormone users with intact uteri, we measured 15 [...]