Menée au Danemark à partir de données portant sur 108 812 participants, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de divers cancers (durée médiane de suivi :4,7 ans, 20 012 cas)

High body mass index and cancer risk—a Mendelian randomisation study

Benn, Marianne ; Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne ; Smith, George Davey ; Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne

High body mass index (BMI) has been associated with increased risk of some cancer. Whether these reflect causal associations is unknown. We examined this issue. Using a Mendelian randomisation approach, we studied 108,812 individuals from the general population. During a median of 4.7 years of follow-up (range 0–37), 8002 developed non-skin cancer, 3347 non-melanoma skin cancer, 1396 lung cancer, 637 other smoking related cancers, 1203 colon cancer, 159 kidney cancer, 1402 breast cancer, 1062 [...]

Menée en Italie et en Espagne sur la période 2008-2013 à partir de données portant sur 1 869 cas et 3 530 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à des nitrates contenus dans l'eau potable et dans l'alimentation et le risque de cancer colorectal

Colorectal cancer risk and nitrate exposure through drinking water and diet

Espejo-Herrera, Nadia ; Gràcia-Lavedan, Esther ; Boldo, Elena ; Aragonés, Nuria ; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz ; Pollan, Marina ; Molina, Antonio J. ; Fernández, Tania ; Martin, Vicente ; La Vecchia, Carlo ; Bosetti, Cristina ; Tavani, Alessandra ; Polesel, Jerry ; Serraino, Diego ; Gómez Acebo, Inés ; Altzibar, Jone M. ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Burgui, Rosana ; Pisa, Federica ; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo ; Tardon, Adonina ; Peiró, Rosana ; Navarro, Carmen ; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma ; Moreno, Víctor ; Righi, Elena ; Aggazzotti, Gabriella ; Basagaña, Xavier ; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark ; Kogevinas, Manolis ; Villanueva, Cristina M.

Ingested nitrate leads to the endogenous synthesis of N-nitroso compounds (NOCs), animal carcinogens with limited human evidence. We aimed to evaluate the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) associated with nitrate exposure in drinking water and diet. A case-control study in Spain and Italy during 2008-2013 was conducted. Hospital-based incident cases and population-based (Spain) or hospital-based (Italy) controls were interviewed on residential history, water consumption since age 18, and dietary [...]

A partir des données de deux études prospectives "Nurses' Health Study" incluant 87 166 femmes et "Health Professionals Follow-up Study" incluant 32 959 hommes, cette étude évalue l'association entre des antécédents de brûlures solaires sévères et le risque de cancer de la peau

History of Severe Sunburn and Risk of Skin Cancer Among Women and Men in 2 Prospective Cohort Studies

Wu, Shaowei ; Cho, Eunyoung ; Li, Wen-Qing ; Weinstock, Martin A. ; Han, Jiali ; Qureshi, Abrar A.

Few studies have assessed the relationship between sunburn and risk of different skin cancers (melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC)) in prospective studies simultaneously, and little is known about the association of severe sunburns at different body sites with skin cancer risk. We used data on 87,166 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1982–2010) and 32,959 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1992–2010) to investigate skin cancer risk associated [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Women's Health Initiative" incluant 12 701 participantes âgées de plus de 50 ans et portant sur 508 cas et 1 050 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition environnementale à du cadmium, mesurée dans les urines, et le risque de cancer invasif du sein après la ménopause (durée médiane de suivi : 13,2 ans)

Urinary Cadmium and Risk of Invasive Breast Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative

Adams, Scott V. ; Shafer, Martin M. ; Bonner, Matthew R. ; LaCroix, Andrea Z. ; Manson, JoAnn E. ; Meliker, Jaymie R. ; Neuhouser, Marian L. ; Newcomb, Polly A.

Cadmium is a widespread heavy metal pollutant that may act as an exogenous estrogenic hormone. Environmental cadmium exposure has been associated with risk of breast cancer in retrospective studies. We prospectively assessed the relationship between cadmium exposure, evaluated by creatinine-normalized urinary cadmium concentration, and invasive breast cancer among 12,701 postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years in a Women's Health Initiative study of bone mineral density. After a median of 13.2 [...]

A partir des données de deux cohortes américaines incluant pour l'une 1 217 cas et 1 235 témoins et pour l'autre 98 807 participants, cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une utilisation auto-déclarée d'analgésiques, qu'il s'agisse d'acétaminophène, d'aspirine ou d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens, et le risque de carcinome à cellules rénales

Analgesic use and risk of renal cell carcinoma: A case-control, cohort and meta-analytic assessment

Karami, Sara ; Daughtery, Sarah E. ; Schwartz, Kendra ; Davis, Faith G. ; Ruterbusch, Julie J. ; Wacholder, Sholom ; Graubard, Barry I. ; Berndt, Sonja I. ; Hofmann, Jonathan N. ; Purdue, Mark P. ; Moore, Lee E. ; Colt, Joanne S.

Analgesics are the most commonly consumed drugs worldwide. Evidence that analgesics increase kidney cancer risk has been mixed. We investigated the association between renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and analgesic use in a large population-based case-control study and a post-trial observational cohort study. Findings were used to update a recent meta-analytic review. We analyzed data from 1,217 RCC cases and 1,235 controls in the US Kidney Cancer Study and 98,807 participants in the US Prostate, [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 10 050 participantes atteintes de diabète, cette étude de cohorte rétrospective évalue l'association entre divers médicaments anti-diabétiques (metformine, insuline, sulfamides) et le risque de cancer du sein invasif (durée médiane de suivi : 6,7 ans ; 301 cas de cancer)

Comparative safety of diabetes medications and risk of incident invasive breast cancer: a population-based cohort study

Calip, Gregory S. ; Yu, Onchee ; Elmore, Joann G. ; Boudreau, Denise M.

Purpose : Growing evidence suggests that certain commonly used diabetes medications have the potential to differentially alter breast cancer risk. We evaluated the influence of metformin, insulin, and sulfonylureas on risk of incident invasive breast cancer. Methods : We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women ≥40 years of age enrolled in a health plan between 1996 and 2011. Ever, current (≤12 months), and duration (<1, 1–2.9, ≥3 years) of diabetes medication use were obtained from [...]

Menée aux Pays-Bas à partir de données portant sur 51 participants sur la période 1991-2011, cette étude de cohorte analyse l'association entre des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l'intestin, un traitement chirurgical intestinal et le risque de tumeurs neuroendocrines

Is the prevalence of colonic neuroendocrine tumors increased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease?

Derikx, Lauranne A. A. P. ; Vierdag, Wouter-Michiel A. M. ; Kievit, Wietske ; Bosch, Steven ; Hoentjen, Frank ; Nagtegaal, Iris D.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients may bear an increased neuroendocrine tumor (NET) risk. These tumors are mostly reported as coincidental findings during surgery. We aimed to determine the prevalence of colonic NET in a Dutch nationwide IBD cohort and calculate the prevalence rate ratios (PRR) compared with the general Dutch population. Our second aim was to investigate whether a high bowel surgery rate in IBD could result in a high PRR for NET. The Dutch Pathology Registry (PALGA) was [...]

A partir de données portant sur des cas de cancers pédiatriques (1 516 neuroblastomes, 958 leucémies lymphoblastiques aiguës, 660 ostéosarcomes) et 6 892 témoins, cette étude identifie des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de gènes associés à l’allongement des télomères leucocytaires et au risque de cancer

Common genetic variants associated with telomere length confer risk for neuroblastoma and other childhood cancers

Walsh, Kyle M. ; Whitehead, Todd P. ; De Smith, Adam J. ; Smirnov, Ivan V. ; Park, Minsun ; Endicott, Alyson A. ; Francis, Stephen S. ; Codd, Veryan ; Engage Consortium Telomere Group ; Samani, Nilesh J. ; Metayer, Catherine ; Wiemels, Joseph L.

Aberrant telomere lengthening is an important feature of cancer cells in adults and children. In addition to somatic mutations, germline polymorphisms in telomere maintenance genes impact telomere length. Whether these telomere-associated polymorphisms affect risk of childhood malignancies remains largely unexplored. We collected genome-wide data from three groups with pediatric malignancies [neuroblastoma (N=1516), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (N=958), and osteosarcoma (N=660)] and three [...]

A partir de données portant sur 62 328 cas et 83 817 témoins en population féminine d'origine européenne, cette étude analyse l'association entre des loci de susceptibilité à un diabète de type 2 et le risque de cancer du sein

Association of genetic susceptibility variants for type 2 diabetes with breast cancer risk in women of European ancestry

Zhao, Zhiguo ; Wen, Wanqing ; Michailidou, Kyriaki ; Bolla, Manjeet K. ; Wang, Qin ; Zhang, Ben ; Long, Jirong ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Schmidt, Marjanka K. ; Milne, Roger L. ; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Lindström, Sara ; Bojesen, Stig E. ; Ahsan, Habibul ; Aittomaki, Kristiina ; Andrulis, Irene L. ; Anton-Culver, Hoda ; Arndt, Volker ; Beckmann, Matthias W. ; Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia ; Benítez, Javier ; Blomqvist, Carl ; Bogdanova, Natalia V. ; Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise ; Brand, Judith ; Brauch, Hiltrud ; Brenner, Hermann ; Burwinkel, Barbara ; Cai, Qiuyin ; Casey, Graham ; Chenevix-Trench, Georgia ; Couch, Fergus J. ; Cox, Angela ; Cross, Simon S. ; Czene, Kamila ; Dörk, Thilo ; Dumont, Martine ; Fasching, Peter A. ; Figueroa, Jonine ; Flesch-Janys, Dieter ; Fletcher, Olivia ; Flyger, Henrik ; Fostira, Florentia ; Gammon, Marilie ; Giles, Graham G. ; Guénel, Pascal ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Hamann, Ute ; Harrington, Patricia ; Hartman, Mikael ; Hooning, Maartje J. ; Hopper, John L. ; Jakubowska, Anna ; Jasmine, Farzana ; John, Esther M. ; Johnson, Nichola ; Kabisch, Maria ; Khan, Sofia ; Kibriya, Muhammad ; Knight, Julia A. ; Kosma, Veli-Matti ; Kriege, Mieke ; Kristensen, Vessela ; Marchand, Loic ; Lee, Eunjung ; Li, Jingmei ; Lindblom, Annika ; Lophatananon, Artitaya ; Luben, Robert ; Lubinski, Jan ; Malone, Kathleen E. ; Mannermaa, Arto ; Manoukian, Siranoush ; Margolin, Sara ; Marme, Frederik ; McLean, Catriona ; Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne ; Meindl, Alfons ; Miao, Hui ; Muir, Kenneth ; Neuhausen, Susan L. ; Nevanlinna, Heli ; Neven, Patrick ; Olson, Janet E. ; Perkins, Barbara ; Peterlongo, Paolo ; Phillips, Kelly-Anne ; Pylkas, Katri ; Rudolph, Anja ; Santella, Regina ; Sawyer, Elinor J. ; Schmutzler, Rita K. ; Schoemaker, Minouk ; Shah, Mitul ; Shrubsole, Martha ; Southey, Melissa C. ; Swerdlow, Anthony J. ; Toland, Amanda E. ; Tomlinson, Ian ; Torres, Diana ; Truong, Thérèse ; Ursin, Giske ; Luijt, Rob B. ; Verhoef, Senno ; Wang-Gohrke, Shan ; Whittemore, Alice S. ; Winqvist, Robert ; Pilar Zamora, M. ; Zhao, Hui ; Dunning, Alison M. ; Simard, Jacques ; Hall, Per ; Kraft, Peter ; Pharoah, Paul ; Hunter, David ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Zheng, Wei

Purpose : Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been reported to be associated with an elevated risk of breast cancer. It is unclear, however, whether this association is due to shared genetic factors. Methods : We constructed a genetic risk score (GRS) using risk variants from 33 known independent T2D susceptibility loci and evaluated its relation to breast cancer risk using the data from two consortia, including 62,328 breast cancer patients and 83,817 controls of European ancestry. Unconditional [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 1 508 cas et 1 556 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes liés à la réparation de l'ADN, une exposition aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques issus du trafic routier et le risque de cancer du sein

Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, traffic-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and breast cancer incidence

Mordukhovich, Irina ; Beyea, Jan ; Herring, Amy H. ; Hatch, Maureen ; Stellman, Steven D. ; Teitelbaum, Susan L. ; Richardson, David B. ; Millikan, Robert C. ; Engel, Lawrence S. ; Shantakumar, Sumitra ; Steck, Susan E. ; Neugut, Alfred I. ; Rossner, Pavel ; Santella, Regina M. ; Gammon, Marilie D.

Vehicular traffic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been associated with breast cancer incidence in epidemiologic studies, including our own. Because PAHs damage DNA by forming adducts and oxidative lesions, genetic polymorphisms that alter DNA repair capacity may modify associations between PAH-related exposures and breast cancer risk. Our goal was to examine the association between vehicular traffic exposure and breast cancer incidence within strata of a panel of nine biologically [...]