A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en 2015 (19 études prospectives, 21 cohortes, 4 211 129 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer du pancréas, en fonction des doses ingérées

Association between alcohol intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer: a dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies

Wang, Ye-Tao ; Gou, Ya-Wen ; Jin, Wen-Wen ; Xiao, Mei ; Fang, Hua-Ying

Background : Studies examining the association between alcohol intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer have given inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to summarize and examine the evidence regarding the association between alcohol intake and pancreatic cancer risk based on results from prospective cohort studies. Methods : We searched electronic databases consisting of PubMed, Ovid, Embase, and the Cochrane Library identifying studies published up to Aug 2015. Only prospective [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en 2015 (10 études), cette méta-analyse d'études observationnelles évalue l'association entre une consommation de fer (en supplémentation ou d'origine alimentaire), des indicateurs sériques du fer et le risque d'adénome colorectal

Iron intake, serum iron indices and risk of colorectal adenomas: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Cao, H. ; Wang, C. ; Chai, R. ; Dong, Q. ; Tu, S.

To provide a quantitative assessment of the association between iron intake, serum iron indices and the risk of colorectal adenoma (CRA), we summarised the evidence from observational studies. Relevant studies were identified in MEDLINE and EMBASE until 31 March 2015. Summary relative risks (SRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled with a random-effects model. A total of 10 articles, involving 3318 subjects with CRA, were used in this meta-analysis. The SRR of CRA was 0.83 (95% CI: [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (40 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre divers régimes alimentaires et le risque de cancer colorectal

Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Feng, Yu-Liang ; Shu, Long ; Zheng, Pei-Fen ; Zhang, Xiao-Yan ; Si, Cai-Juan ; Yu, Xiao-Long ; Gao, Wei ; Zhang, Lun

The analysis of dietary patterns has recently drawn considerable attention as a method of investigating the association between the overall whole diet and the risk of colorectal cancer. However, the results have yielded conflicting findings. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to identify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer. A total of 40 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The highest category of 'healthy' [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de 34 022 participantes âgées de 45 à 74 ans lors de leur inclusion dans la cohorte entre 1993 et 1998, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs, l'utilisation de contraceptifs oraux ou d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer de l'estomac (269 cas)

Reproductive factors, hormone use and gastric cancer risk: The Singapore Chinese Health Study

Wang, Zhensheng ; Butler, Lesley M. ; Wu, Anna H. ; Koh, Woon-Puay ; Jin, Aizhen ; Wang, Renwei ; Yuan, Jian-Min

Gastric cancer incidence varies greatly worldwide, but is consistently twice as high in men than in women. The hormone-related factors hypothesized to be associated with lower risk of gastric cancer in women have not been fully explored in populations with a high background risk of gastric cancer. The Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS) is a prospective cohort study in which 34,022 of the participants enrolled between 1993 and 1998 were women between 45 and 74 years of age. Information on [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature, cette étude évalue l'association entre une radiothérapie reçue pour des tumeurs primitives hématologiques, gynécologiques, pédiatiques ou du sein, et le risque ultérieur de second cancer

Therapeutic radiation and the potential risk of second malignancies

Kamran, Sophia C. ; Berrington de Gonzalez, Amy ; Ng, Andrea ; Haas-Kogan, Daphne ; Viswanathan, Akila N.

Radiation has long been associated with carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, it is an important part of multimodality therapy for many malignancies. It is critical to assess the risk of secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs) after radiation treatment. The authors reviewed the literature with a focus on radiation and associated SMNs for primary hematologic, breast, gynecologic, and pediatric tumors. Radiation appeared to increase the risk of SMN in all of these; however, this risk was found to be [...]

Menée in vitro sur un modèle murin puis sur des cellules cancéreuses humaines, cette étude évalue l'association entre une utilisation de sildénafil (Viagra), une augmentation des concentrations intracellulaires de cGMP et le risque de mélanome

Sildenafil Potentiates a cGMP-Dependent Pathway to Promote Melanoma Growth

Dhayade, Sandeep ; Kaesler, Susanne ; Sinnberg, Tobias ; Dobrowinski, Hyazinth ; Peters, Stefanie ; Naumann, Ulrike ; Liu, He ; Hunger, Robert E ; Thunemann, Martin ; Biedermann, Tilo ; Schittek, Birgit ; Simon, Hans-Uwe ; Feil, Susanne ; Feil, Robert

Sildenafil, an inhibitor of the cGMP-degrading phosphodiesterase 5 that is used to treat erectile dysfunction, has been linked to an increased risk of melanoma. Here, we have examined the potential connection between cGMP-dependent signaling cascades and melanoma growth. Using a combination of biochemical assays and real-time monitoring of melanoma cells, we report a cGMP-dependent growth-promoting pathway in murine and human melanoma cells. We document that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a [...]

A partir des données des registres suédois des cancers incluant 480 382 participants sur la période 1970-2009, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une appendicectomie et le risque de cancers gastro-intestinaux (oesophage, estomac, côlon, rectum)

Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers among Patients with Appendectomy: A Large-Scale Swedish Register-Based Cohort Study during 1970-2009

Song, Huan ; Abnet, Christian C. ; Andrén-Sandberg, Åke ; Chaturvedi, Anil K. ; Ye, Weimin

Background : Removal of the appendix might induce physiological changes in the gastrointestinal tract, and subsequently play a role in carcinogenesis. Therefore, we conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study in Sweden to investigate whether appendectomy is associated with altered risks of gastrointestinal cancers. Methods : A population-based cohort study was conducted using the Swedish national registries, including 480,382 eligible patients followed during the period of 1970–2009 for [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni auprès de 198 366 cas et 937 716 témoins, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre un psoriasis, une utilisation de traitements immunosuppresseurs et le risque de cancer

The risk of cancer in patients with psoriasis: A population-based cohort study in the health improvement network

Chiesa Fuxench, Z. C. ; Shin, D. B. ; Ogdie Beatty, A. ; Gelfand, J. M.

Importance : The risk of cancer in patients with psoriasis remains a cause of special concern due to the chronic inflammatory nature of the disease, the use of immune-suppressive treatments and UV therapies, and the increased prevalence of comorbid, well-established risk factors for cancer, such as smoking and obesity, all of which may increase the risk of carcinogenesis. Objective : To compare the overall risk of cancer, and specific cancers of interest, in patients with psoriasis compared [...]

Menée au Danemark à partir de données portant sur 5 871 participants mesurés à l'âge de 7 et 13 ans puis entre l'âge de 50 à 65 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre la taille et le risque de cancer de la prostate (429 cas entre 1996 et 2012)

Childhood height, adult height, and the risk of prostate cancer

Bjerregaard, Lise Geisler ; Aarestrup, Julie ; Gamborg, Michael ; Lange, Theis ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Baker, Jennifer L.

Purpose : We previously showed that childhood height is positively associated with prostate cancer risk. It is, however, unknown whether childhood height exerts its effects independently of or through adult height. We investigated whether and to what extent childhood height has a direct effect on the risk of prostate cancer apart from adult height. Methods : We included 5,871 men with height measured at ages 7 and 13 years in the Copenhagen School Health Records Register who also had adult [...]

A partir des données de deux cohortes, cette étude évalue l'association entre 39 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide et le risque de cancer de la prostate, en fonction de l'expression de la protéine ERG

Association of prostate cancer risk variants with TMPRSS2:ERG status: evidence for distinct molecular subtypes

Penney, Kathryn L. ; Pettersson, Andreas ; Shui, Irene M. ; Graff, Rebecca E. ; Kraft, Peter ; Lis, Rosina T. ; Sesso, Howard D. ; Loda, Massimo ; Mucci, Lorelei A.

Background: Numerous genetic variants have been confirmed as prostate cancer risk factors. These variants may confer susceptibility to the development of specific molecular alterations during tumor initiation and progression. The TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion occurs in roughly 50% of prostate cancers. Genetic risk variants may influence the development of this fusion. We sought to determine whether prostate cancer risk variants are differentially associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion positive and [...]

Menée au Japon auprès de 73 501 participants, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre l'indice glycémique, la charge glycémique et le risque de cancer colorectal (durée moyenne de suivi : 12, 5 ans ; 1 468 cas)

Glycemic index and glycemic load and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based cohort study (JPHC Study)

Abe, Sarah Krull ; Inoue, Manami ; Sawada, Norie ; Ishihara, Junko ; Iwasaki, Motoki ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Sasazuki, Shizuka ; Tsugane, Shoichiro

Purpose : The aim of this study was for the first time to assess the association between glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and colorectal cancer using a prospective Japanese population-based cohort. Methods : In our study participants aged 40–69 at baseline of the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective Study (JPHC Study) in 10 prefectural public health centers (PHC) were included. Subjects responding to the five-year follow-up survey (1995–1999) without previous history of cancer [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en 2014 (16 études, 3 887 156 participants, 11 614 cas), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales

Body mass index and risk of brain tumors: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Zhang, D. ; Chen, J. ; Wang, J. ; Gong, S. ; Jin, H. ; Sheng, P. ; Qi, X. ; Lv, L. ; Dong, Y. ; Hou, L.

Background/Objectives: Data regarding the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and brain tumors are inconsistent, especially for the commonly seen gliomas and meningiomas. Therefore, we conducted a dose–response meta-analysis to unravel the issue. Subjects/Methods: Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase were searched for pertinent case–control and cohort studies updated to November 2014. Dose–response and quantitative analysis were conducted with random-effect model. Results: Sixteen [...]

Menée au Danemark auprès de 523 cas et 52 999 témoins sur la période 1978-2010, cette étude évalue l'association entre une pré-éclampsie et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre chez la mère

Long-term impact of preeclampsia on maternal endometrial cancer risk

Hallum, Sara ; Pinborg, Anja ; Kamper-Jorgensen, Mads

Background: Endometrial cancer is mainly dependent on oestrogen exposure. Preeclampsia has shown to reduce oestrogen levels hence preeclampsia may affect later endometrial cancer risk. Methods: We conducted a case–control study of 523 Danish women with endometrial cancer and 52 299controls during 1978–2010. The association between preeclampsia and later endometrial cancer was evaluated overall and according to preeclampsia onset and type of endometrial cancer in conditional logistic regression [...]

Menée initialement sur 161 cas de carcinome du rhino-pharynx et 895 témoins en population sud-asiatique, puis validée sur 2 160 cas et 2 433 témoins, cette étude identifie un variant du gène MST1R en association avec le risque de la maladie

Whole-exome sequencing identifies MST1R as a genetic susceptibility gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Dai, Wei ; Zheng, Hong ; Cheung, Arthur Kwok Leung ; Tang, Clara Sze-man ; Ko, Josephine Mun Yee ; Wong, Bonnie Wing Yan ; Leong, Merrin Man Long ; Sham, Pak Chung ; Cheung, Florence ; Kwong, Dora Lai-Wan ; Ngan, Roger Kai Cheong ; Ng, Wai Tong ; Yau, Chun Chung ; Pan, Jianji ; Peng, Xun ; Tung, Stewart ; Zhang, Zengfeng ; Ji, Mingfang ; Chiang, Alan Kwok-Shing ; Lee, Anne Wing-Mui ; Lee, Victor Ho-Fun ; Lam, Ka-on ; Au, Kwok Hung ; Cheng, Hoi Ching ; Yiu, Harry Ho-Yin ; Lung, Maria Li

Multiple factors, including host genetics, environmental factors, and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, contribute to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development. To identify genetic susceptibility genes for NPC, a whole-exome sequencing (WES) study was performed in 161 NPC cases and 895 controls of Southern Chinese descent. The gene-based burden test discovered an association between macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R) and NPC. We identified 13 independent cases carrying the MST1R [...]