A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en juillet 2014 (15 articles), cette étude analyse les comportements de prévention des patients ayant survécu à un mélanome cutané

Skin cancer prevention practices among malignant melanoma survivors: a systematic review

Nahar, VinayakK ; Allison Ford, M. ; Brodell, RobertT ; Boyas, JavierF ; Jacks, StephanieK ; Biviji-Sharma, Rizwana ; Haskins, MaryA ; Bass, MarthaA

Purpose : This systematic review was conducted to evaluate and summarize the existing literature on prevalence of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, sun protection, and screening behaviors among individuals diagnosed with malignant melanoma (MM). Methods : The search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, and ERIC from inception of each database through July 2014. Studies were included if (1) individuals diagnosed with MM were the primary sample, (2) measured UVR [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur une cohorte de 60 310 personnes (durée de suivi : supérieure à 1 million de personnes-années), cette étude évalue la mortalité toutes causes confondues et la mortalité par cancer ou autres maladies en fonction du régime alimentaire (végétarien ou non)

Mortality in vegetarians and comparable nonvegetarians in the United Kingdom

Appleby, Paul N ; Crowe, Francesca L ; Bradbury, Kathryn E ; Travis, Ruth C ; Key, Timothy J

Background : Vegetarians and others who do not eat meat have been observed to have lower incidence rates than meat eaters of some chronic diseases, but it is unclear whether this translates into lower mortality. Objective : The purpose of this study was to describe mortality in vegetarians and comparable nonvegetarians in a large United Kingdom cohort. Design : The study involved a pooled analysis of data from 2 prospective studies that included 60,310 persons living in the United Kingdom, [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès d'une cohorte de 57 774 participants inclus dans un essai de dépistage du cancer de l'ovaire, de la prostate, du côlon-rectum ou du poumon, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de légumes et de fruits et le risque d'adénome colorectal, de récidive ou de cancer du côlon-rectum

Fruit and vegetable intakes and risk of colorectal cancer and incident and recurrent adenomas in the PLCO cancer screening trial

Kunzmann, Andrew T. ; Coleman, Helen G. ; Huang, Wen-Yi ; Cantwell, Marie M. ; Kitahara, Cari M. ; Berndt, Sonja I.

The roles of fruits and vegetables in colorectal cancer development are unclear. Few prospective studies have assessed the association with adenoma, a known precursor to colorectal cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and colorectal cancer development by evaluating the risk of incident and recurrent colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. Study participants were identified from the intervention arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian [...]

Menée à partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en novembre 2014 (26 études incluant au total 21 423 participantes), cette méta-analyse évalue l'utilisation d'agents chimiopréventifs chez les femmes présentant un risque élevé de cancer du sein, puis identifie les facteurs associés à une diminution de l'observance thérapeutique

Factors affecting uptake and adherence to breast cancer chemoprevention : A systematic review and meta-analysis

Smith, S. G. ; Sestak, I. ; Forster, A. ; Partridge, A. ; Side, L. ; Wolf, M.S. ; Horne, R. ; Wardle, J. ; Cuzick, J.

Background : Preventive therapy is a risk reduction option for women who have an increased risk of breast cancer. The effectiveness of preventive therapy to reduce breast cancer incidence depends on adequate levels of uptake and adherence to therapy. We aimed to systematically review articles reporting uptake and adherence to therapeutic agents to prevent breast cancer among women at increased risk, and identify the psychological, clinical and demographic factors affecting these outcomes. [...]

Menée en Nouvelle-Zélande à partir des données 2012 d'une enquête nationale auprès de 27 238 adolescents (âge : 14 à 15 ans), cette étude analyse la relation entre leurs comportements tabagiques et le nombre de bureaux de tabac à proximité des collèges

Tobacco retail outlet density and risk of youth smoking in New Zealand

Marsh, Louise ; Ajmal, Ali ; McGee, Rob ; Robertson, Lindsay ; Cameron, Claire ; Doscher, Crile

Introduction : Evidence suggests inconsistent findings on the relationship between density of tobacco outlets around schools and risk of smoking among students. This study examines the density of tobacco outlets around secondary schools in New Zealand (NZ) and current smoking, experimental smoking, susceptibility to smoking, and attempted and successful tobacco purchasing. Methods : Smoking data came from the 2012 ASH Year 10 survey, a national survey of youth smoking in NZ. Geographic [...]

Menée en Australie à partir des données de deux vagues d'enquêtes réalisées sur la période 2007-2008 auprès de 10 423 participants âgés de 18 à 96 ans, cette étude évalue, en fonction du statut tabagique initial, l'association entre des facteurs de risque comportementaux et le risque de tabagisme aggravé

Associations between behavioural risk factors and smoking, heavy smoking and future smoking among an Australian population-based sample

Iredale, Jaimi M. ; Clare, Philip ; Courtney, Ryan J. ; Martire, Kristy A. ; Bonevski, Billie ; Borland, Ron ; Siahpush, Mohammad ; Mattick, Richard P.

Tobacco smoking co-occurs with behavioural risk factors including diet, alcohol use and obesity. However, the association between behavioural risk factors and heavy smoking (> 20cig/day) compared to light-moderate smoking is unknown. The link between behavioural risk factors and future smoking for both ex and current smokers is also unknown. This study sought to examine these relationships. It is hypothesised that behavioural risk factors will be more strongly associated with heavy smoking. [...]