Menée au Danemark auprès de 5 356 femmes, dont 4 489 femmes ménopausées, ayant participé à un dépistage par mammographie sur la période 1993-2001, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'impact du tabagisme, actif et passif, sur la densité mammaire, facteur de risque du cancer du sein

Cigarette smoking and mammographic density in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort

Jacobsen, KatjaKemp ; Lynge, Elsebeth ; Vejborg, Ilse ; Tjønneland, Anne ; von Euler-Chelpin, My ; Andersen, ZoranaJ

Purpose : Smoking before first childbirth increases breast cancer risk, but the biological mechanism remains unknown and may involve mammographic density (MD), one of the strongest biomarkers of breast cancer risk. We aimed to examine whether active smoking and passive smoking were associated with MD. Methods : For the 5,356 women (4,489 postmenopausal) from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (1993–1997) who attended mammographic screening in Copenhagen (1993–2001), we used MD [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte PREDIMED incluant 4 010 participantes âgées de 60 à 80 ans à haut risque de maladie cardiovasculaire, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'indice glycémique, la charge glycémique et le risque de cancer du sein invasif

Glycemic index, glycemic load and invasive breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women: The PREDIMED study

Castro-Quezada, Itandehui ; Sánchez-Villegas, Almudena ; Martínez-González, Miguel Á. ; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi ; Corella, Dolores ; Estruch, Ramón ; Schröder, Helmut ; Álvarez-Pérez, Jacqueline ; Ruiz-López, María D. ; Artacho, Reyes ; Ros, Emilio ; Bulló, Mónica ; Sorli, Jose V. ; Fitó, Montserrat ; Ruiz-Gutiérrez, Valentina ; Toledo, Estefanía ; Buil-Cosiales, Pilar ; García Rodríguez, Antonio ; Lapetra, José ; Pintó, Xavier ; Salaverria, Itziar ; Tur, Josep A. ; Romaguera, Dora ; Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna ; Serra-Majem, Lluís ; PREDIMED Study Investigators

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prospective associations between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) and the risk for invasive breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study was conducted within the framework of the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) study, a nutritional intervention trial for primary cardiovascular prevention. We included 4010 women aged between 60 and 80 years who were initially [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (24 études de cohortes prospectives), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation totale de graisses, le niveau sérique d'acides gras et le risque de cancer du sein

Dietary total fat and fatty acids intake, serum fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Cao, Yi ; Hou, Lin ; Wang, Weijing

Results from prospective cohort studies on the association between dietary total fat and fatty acids intake and risk of breast cancer remain controversial. Pertinent prospective cohort studies were identified by a search of Embase and PubMed from inception to September 2015. Study-specific relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals were pooled using a random-effect model. Between-study heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed, and sensitivity analysis was conducted. Twenty-four [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 1985 et 2014 (52 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à des produits pesticides et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Occupational exposure to pesticides and prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lewis-Mikhael, Anne-Mary ; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora ; Ofir Guiron, Talia ; Olmedo-Requena, Rocío ; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel ; Jimenez-Moleón, Jose Juan

Epidemiological studies on exposure to pesticides and risk of prostate cancer (PC) provide inconsistent results. We aimed to explore various potential sources of heterogeneity not previously assessed and to derive updated risk estimates from homogenous studies. We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases for case–control and cohort studies published from 1985 to April 2014. We assessed the quality of the articles using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled estimates were calculated [...]

A partir d'échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur 14 patients roumains et 15 patients venant de 3 autres pays, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à de l'acide aristolochique, issu de plantes herbacées, et le risque de carcinome à cellules rénales

Aristolochic acid exposure in Romania and implications for renal cell carcinoma

Turesky, Robert J. ; Yun, Byeong Hwa ; Brennan, Paul ; Mates, Dana ; Jinga, Viorel ; Harnden, Patricia ; Banks, Rosamonde E. ; Blanche, Helene ; Bihoreau, Marie-Therese ; Chopard, Priscilia ; Letourneau, Louis ; Lathrop, G. Mark ; Scelo, Ghislaine

Background: Aristolochic acid (AA) is a nephrotoxicant associated with AA nephropathy (AAN) and upper urothelial tract cancer (UUTC). Whole-genome sequences of 14 Romanian cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) recently exhibited mutational signatures consistent with AA exposure, although RCC had not been previously linked with AAN and AA exposure was previously reported only in localised rural areas. Methods: We performed mass spectrometric measurements of the aristolactam (AL) DNA adduct [...]

A partir de données issues de 32 études d'association sur le génome entier précédemment publiées et incluant 51 537 cas et 48 734 témoins, cette étude identifie des polymorphismes des gènes liés à la réparation de l'ADN et le risque de cancer (poumon, ovaire, prostate, sein, côlon-rectum)

A Cross-Cancer Genetic Association Analysis of the DNA repair and DNA Damage Signaling Pathways for Lung, Ovary, Prostate, Breast and Colorectal Cancer

Scarbrough, Peter M ; Weber, Rachel P. ; Iversen, Edwin S. ; Brhane, Yonathan ; Amos, Christopher I. ; Kraft, Peter ; Hung, Rayjean J. ; Sellers, Thomas A. ; Witte, John S. ; Pharaoh, Paul ; Henderson, Brian E. ; Gruber, Stephen B ; Hunter, David J. ; Garber, Judy E. ; Joshi, Amit D. ; McDonnell, Kevin ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Eeles, Rosalind A. ; Kote-Jarai, Zsofia ; Muir, Kenneth ; Doherty, Jennifer A. ; Schildkraut, Joellen

Background: Though DNA damage is an established mediator of carcinogenesis, GWAS have identified few significant loci, associated with cancer predisposition, within DNA repair gene regions. This cross-cancer site, pooled analysis was performed to increase the power to detect common variants of DNA repair genes associated with cancer susceptibility. Methods:We conducted a cross-cancer analysis of 60,297 SNPs, at 229 DNA repair gene regions, using data from the NCI Genetic Associations and [...]

Menée sur 638 patients atteints d'un cancer du pancréas d'origine familiale, cette étude identifie un ensemble de gènes de susceptibilité à la maladie

Whole genome sequencing defines the genetic heterogeneity of familial pancreatic cancer

Roberts, Nicholas J. ; Norris, Alexis L. ; Petersen, Gloria M. ; Bondy, Melissa L. ; Brand, Randall ; Gallinger, steven ; Kurtz, Robert C. ; Olson, Sara H. ; Rustgi, Anil K. ; Schwartz, Ann G. ; Stoffel, Elena M. ; Syngal, Sapna ; Zogopoulos, George ; Ali, Syed Z. ; Axilbund, Jennifer ; Chaffee, Kari G. ; Chen, Yun-Ching ; Coté, Michele L. ; Childs, Erica J. ; Douville, Christopher ; Goes, Fernando S. ; Herman, Joseph M. ; Iacobuzio-Donahue, Christine ; Kramer, Melissa ; Makohon-Moore, Alvin ; McCombie, Richard W. ; McMahon, K. Wyatt ; Niknafs, Noushin ; Parla, Jennifer ; Pirooznia, Mehdi ; Potash, James B. ; Rhim, Andrew D. ; Smith, Alyssa L. ; Wang, Yuxuan ; Wolfgang, Christopher L. ; Wood, Laura D. ; Zandi, Peter P. ; Goggins, Michael ; Karchin, Rachel ; Eshleman, James R. ; Papadopoulos, Nickolas ; Kinzler, Kenneth W. ; Vogelstein, Bert ; Hruban, Ralph H. ; Klein, Alison P.

Pancreatic cancer is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States by 2020. A familial aggregation of pancreatic cancer has been established, but the cause of this aggregation in most families is unknown. To determine the genetic basis of susceptibility in these families, we sequenced the germline genome of 638 familial pancreatic cancer patients. We also sequenced the exomes of 39 familial pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Our analyses support the role of [...]

Menée au Canada par questionnaire et à partir d'échantillons sanguins de 477 participants âgés de 20 à 50 ans, cette étude transversale évalue les effets conjoints d'une consommation d'alcool, du tabagisme et de l'activité physique sur la longueur des télomères des leucocytes, un facteur de risque de cancer

The influence of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and physical activity on leukocyte telomere length

Latifovic, Lidija ; Peacock, Sarah D. ; Massey, Thomas E. ; King, Will D.

Background: Telomeres protect from DNA degradation and maintain chromosomal stability. Short telomeres have been associated with an increased risk of cancer at several sites. However, there is limited knowledge about the lifestyle determinants of telomere length. We aimed to determine the effect of three factors, known to be important in cancer etiology, on relative leukocyte telomere length (rLTL): alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical activity. Methods: This cross-sectional study [...]