Menée en France à partir de données portant sur 847 patients et 1 421 témoins en population, cette étude évalue l'association entre le tabagisme parental, une consommation d'alcool, de café et de thé pendant la grossesse et le risque de leucémie aiguë chez l'enfant

Parental smoking, maternal alcohol, coffee and tea consumption during pregnancy, and childhood acute leukemia: the ESTELLE study

Orsi, L. ; Rudant, J. ; Ajrouche, R. ; Leverger, G. ; Baruchel, A. ; Nelken, B. ; Pasquet, M. ; Michel, G. ; Bertrand, Y. ; Ducassou, S. ; Gandemer, V. ; Lutz, P. ; Saumet, L. ; Moreau, P. ; Hemon, D. ; Clavel, J.

Purpose : To investigate the role of parental smoking during pre-conception and pregnancy, maternal beverage consumption (alcohol, coffee and tea) during pregnancy and their possible interactions, in the etiology of childhood acute leukemia (CL). Methods : The ESTELLE study included 747 cases of CL [636 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 100 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML)] diagnosed in France in 2010–2011 and 1,421 population controls frequency-matched with the cases on [...]

A partir des données des registres japonais des cancers portant sur 27 762 patients ayant survécu à un cancer diagnostiqué entre 1985 et 2007, cette étude évalue les effets, conjoints ou indépendants, d'une consommation d'alcool, du tabagisme sur le risque d'un nouveau cancer primitif

Joint and independent effect of alcohol and tobacco use on the risk of subsequent cancer incidence among cancer survivors: A cohort study using cancer registries

Tabuchi, Takahiro ; Ozaki, Koken ; Ioka, Akiko ; Miyashiro, Isao

Drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco are major modifiable risk factors for cancer. However, little is known about whether these modifiable factors of cancer survivors are associated with subsequent primary cancer (SPC) incidence, regardless of the first cancer sites. 27,762 eligible cancer survivors diagnosed between 1985 and 2007 were investigated for SPC until the end of 2008, using hospital-based and population-based cancer registries. The association between drinking, smoking and combined [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC incluant 477 325 participants, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer rénal (931 cas)

Alcohol consumption and the risk of renal cancers in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)

Wozniak, Magdalena B. ; Brennan, Paul ; Brenner, Darren R. ; Overvad, Kim ; Olsen, Anja ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise ; Fagherazzi, Guy ; Katzke, Verena ; Kühn, Tilman ; Boeing, Heiner ; Bergmann, Manuela M. ; Steffen, Annika ; Naska, Androniki ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Saieva, Calogero ; Grioni, Sara ; Panico, Salvatore ; Tumino, Rosario ; Vineis, Paolo ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas ; Peeters, Petra H. ; Hjartåker, Anette ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Arriola, Larraitz ; Molina-Montes, Esther ; Duell, Eric J. ; Santiuste, Carmen ; Alonso de la Torre, Ramón ; Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio ; Stocks, Tanja ; Johansson, Mattias ; Ljungberg, Börje ; Wareham, Nick ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Travis, Ruth C. ; Cross, Amanda J. ; Murphy, Neil ; Riboli, Elio ; Scelo, Ghislaine

Epidemiologic studies have reported that moderate alcohol consumption is inversely associated with the risk of renal cancer. However, there is no information available on the associations in renal cancer subsites. From 1992 through to 2010, 477,325 men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort were followed for incident renal cancers (n = 931). Baseline and lifetime alcohol consumption was assessed by country-specific, validated dietary questionnaires. [...]

Menée en Suède auprès de 42 099 participantes âgées de 30 à 49 ans, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une consommation de café, de caféine ou de thé et le risque de cancer du sein, en fonction de son sous-type moléculaire

Prospective study of breast cancer in relation to coffee, tea and caffeine in Sweden

Oh, Jin-Kyoung ; Sandin, Sven ; Ström, Peter ; Lof, Marie ; Adami, Hans-Olov ; Weiderpass, Elisabete

Studies of coffee and tea consumption and caffeine intake as risk factors for breast cancer are inconclusive. We assessed coffee and tea consumption, caffeine intake, and possible confounding factors among 42,099 women from the Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health study, the participants of which were aged 30–49 years at enrollment in 1991–1992. Complete follow-up for breast cancer incidence was performed through 2012 via linkage to national registries. Poisson regression models were used to [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (51 études), cette méta-analyse fait le point sur l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à l'amiante et le risque de cancer de l'estomac

Stomach cancer and occupational exposure to asbestos: a meta-analysis of occupational cohort studies

Fortunato, L. ; Rushton, L.

Background: A recent Monographs Working Group of the International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded that there is limited evidence for a causal association between exposure to asbestos and stomach cancer. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate this association. Random effects models were used to summarise the relative risks across studies. Sources of heterogeneity were explored through subgroup analyses and meta-regression. Results: We identified 40 mortality [...]

Menée en population italienne, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre la profession d'agriculteur et le risque de cancer, suggérant le rôle cancérigène des pesticides

An Italian population-based case-control study on the association between farming and cancer: are pesticides a plausible risk factor?

Salerno, Christian ; Carcagnì, Antonella ; Sacco, Sara ; Palin, Lucio Antonio ; Vanhaecht, Kris ; Panella, Massimiliano ; Guido, Davide

This population-based case-control study investigated the association between farming (a proxy for pesticide exposure) and cancer in the Vercelli suburban area (NW Italy).The residents, aged 25 to 79 years, in the above-mentioned area during the period 2002- 2009 were considered. Cases were all the first hospital admissions for cancer. Controls were all the subjects not included in the cases and not excluded from the study. Cases and controls were classified according to whether they [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (14 études), cette méta-analyse fait le point sur l'association entre une exposition à de l'acide 2,4-dichlorophénoxyacétique (un désherbant) et le risque de lymphome non hodgkinien, de cancer de l'estomac ou de cancer de la prostate

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Gastric Cancer, and Prostate Cancer: Meta-analyses of the Published Literature

Goodman, Julie E. ; Loftus, Christine T. ; Zu, Ke

Purpose : Despite evidence from experimental studies indicating that the herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), is not carcinogenic, several epidemiology studies have evaluated links between 2,4-D and cancer. Some suggest that 2,4-D is associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), gastric cancer, and prostate cancer, but results have been inconsistent. We conducted meta-analyses to evaluate the weight of epidemiology evidence for these cancers. Methods : We identified articles from [...]

Couplée aux données de l'essai PCLO et portant sur 104 cas et 208 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des concentrations sériques de polybromodiphényléthers et le risque de cancer de la thyroïde

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Thyroid Cancer Risk in the Prostate, Colorectal, Lung, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial Cohort

Aschebrook-Kilfoy, Briseis ; DellaValle, Curt T. ; Purdue, Mark ; Kim, Christopher ; Zhang, Yawei ; Sjodin, Andreas ; Ward, Mary H.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) alter thyroid hormone homeostasis, but their relationship with thyroid cancer is unknown. To investigate whether serum concentrations of PBDE were associated with thyroid cancer, we conducted a nested, case-control study in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, a large multicenter clinical trial in the United States. Cases with thyroid cancer (n = 104) were recruited from 1992 to 2001 and diagnosed through 2009, and controls [...]

Menée en Chine à partir de données portant sur 448 patients et 1 242 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre la présence d'antigènes à Helicobacter pylori et le risque de cancer de l'estomac non cardial

Prospective study of Helicobacter pylori antigens and gastric noncardia cancer risk in the nutrition intervention trial cohort

Murphy, Gwen ; Freedman, Neal D. ; Michel, Angelika ; Fan, Jin-Hu ; Taylor, Philip R. ; Pawlita, Michael ; Qiao, You-Lin ; Zhang, Han ; Yu, Kai ; Abnet, Christian C. ; Dawsey, Sanford M.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the strongest known risk factor for gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA). We used multiplex serology to determine whether seropositivity to 15 H. pylori proteins is associated with the subsequent development of noncardia gastric cancer in Linxian, China. We included 448 GNCA cases and 1242 controls from two time points within the Linxian General Population Nutrition Intervention Trial, Linxian. H. pylori multiplex seropositivity was defined as [...]

A partir d'échantillons sanguins de 580 patients et de 626 témoins, cette méta-analyse fait le point sur l'association entre une infection par Helicobacter pylori et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Association between Helicobacter pylori and pancreatic cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Schulte, Annaka ; Pandeya, Nirmala ; Fawcett, Jonathan ; Fritschi, Lin ; Risch, HarveyA ; Webb, PenelopeM ; Whiteman, DavidC ; Neale, RachelE

Purpose : Gastric colonization with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, but results of epidemiological studies have been inconclusive. We analyzed data from the Queensland Pancreatic Cancer Study, an Australian population-based case–control study, and incorporated our findings into an updated meta-analysis. Methods : Blood samples were obtained from 580 patients and 626 controls, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to [...]

A partir de données de registres suédois portant sur 11 565 cas et 57 825 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre divers indicateurs liés à une infection précoce par le virus d'Epstein-Barr (ordre de naissance, taille de la fratrie, âge des parents, etc), une mononucléose infectieuse et le risque de carcinome du rhinopharynx

Sibship size, birth order and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and infectious mononucleosis: a nationwide study in Sweden

Liu, Zhiwei ; Fang, Fang ; Chang, Ellen T ; Adami, Hans-Olov ; Ye, Weimin

Background : The aetiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains enigmatic in endemic and non-endemic areas. Early-life infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may predispose to NPC development, whereas delayed primary infection with EBV may cause infectious mononucleosis (IM). Methods : We used Swedish population and health registers to investigate whether potential indicators of early EBV infection, such as birth order, sibship size, maternal age and paternal age, are related to the [...]

A partir des données du registre californien des cancers portant sur 101 609 participantes, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre la durée du sommeil et le risque de cancer chez les femmes (5 053 cas de cancer du sein, 983 cas de cancer colorectal, 820 cas de cancer du poumon, 749 cas de mélanome, 957 cas de cancer de l'endomètre)

Sleep duration and cancer risk in women

Hurley, Susan ; Goldberg, Debbie ; Bernstein, Leslie ; Reynolds, Peggy

Purpose : The objective was to conduct an analysis of sleep duration and risk of selected site-specific and groups of cancer among a large prospective cohort of California women. Methods : The study population was comprised of 101,609 adult females participating in the California Teachers Study. All sites of invasive cancer prospectively diagnosed from baseline (1995–1996) through 2011 were identified through linkage to the California Cancer Registry (n = 12,322). Site-specific analyses focused [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 4 216 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein de stade précoce, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre un diabète, un traitement anti-diabétique, le risque de second cancer du sein et la mortalité

Associations between diabetes medication use and risk of second breast cancer events and mortality

Calip, GregoryS ; Yu, Onchee ; Hoskins, KentF ; Boudreau, DeniseM

Purpose : Diabetes and certain diabetes medications have been shown to influence breast cancer (BC) risk. Less is known about their relation to BC outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of diabetes and diabetes medications on risk of second breast cancer events (SBCE) and mortality. Methods : This population-based cohort study was conducted among women diagnosed with early-stage (I–II) BC and enrolled in an integrated health plan. Exposures of interest were diabetes and medication [...]

Menée en Chine à partir de données portant sur 1 942 patients atteints d'un carcinome épidermoïde de l'oesophage et 1 758 patients atteints d'un cancer gastrique, cette étude évalue l'association entre des variants de 192 gènes impliqués dans le remodelage de la chromatine, dans la méthylation de l'ADN et dans la biosynthèse des micro-ARNs et le risque de cancers des voies gastrointestinales supérieures

Common genetic variants in epigenetic machinery genes and risk of upper gastrointestinal cancers

Sung, Hyuna ; Yang, Howard H ; Zhang, Han ; Yang, Qi ; Hu, Nan ; Tang, Ze-Zhong ; Su, Hua ; Wang, Lemin ; Wang, Chaoyu ; Ding, Ti ; Fan, Jin-Hu ; Qiao, You-Lin ; Wheeler, William ; Giffen, Carol ; Burdett, Laurie ; Wang, Zhaoming ; Lee, Maxwell P ; Chanock, Stephen J ; Dawsey, Sanford M ; Freedman, Neal D ; Abnet, Christian C ; Goldstein, Alisa M ; Yu, Kai ; Taylor, Philip R ; Hyland, Paula L

Background: Populations in north central China are at high risk for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cancer (GC), and genetic variation in epigenetic machinery genes and pathways may contribute to this risk. Methods: We used the adaptive multilocus joint test to analyse 192 epigenetic genes involved in chromatin remodelling, DNA methylation and microRNA biosynthesis in 1942 ESCC and 1758 GC cases [1126 cardia (GCA) and 632 non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA)] and 2111 [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur des participants vivant au Danemark entre 1995 et 2011, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre un stress post-traumatique, le risque de cancer par localisation et la survie des patients

Posttraumatic stress disorder and cancer risk: a nationwide cohort study

Gradus, JaimieL ; Farkas, DoraKörmendiné ; Svensson, Elisabeth ; Ehrenstein, Vera ; Lash, TimothyL ; Milstein, Arnold ; Adler, Nancy ; Sørensen, HenrikToft

The association between stress and cancer incidence has been studied for more than seven decades. Despite plausible biological mechanisms and evidence from laboratory studies, findings from clinical research are conflicting. The objective of this study was to examine the association between PTSD and various cancer outcomes. This nation-wide cohort study included all Danish-born residents of Denmark from 1995 to 2011. The exposure was PTSD diagnoses (n = 4131). The main outcomes were cancer [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (14 études prospectives), cette méta-analyse fait le point sur l'association entre les niveaux sanguins de cholestérol et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Cholesterol levels in blood and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of 14 prospective studies

YuPeng, Liu ; YuXue, Zhang ; PengFei, Li ; Cheng, Cheng ; YaShuang, Zhao ; DaPeng, Li ; Chen, Du

Background:As a neutral lipid and prominent component of the Western diet, cholesterol levels might be a risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa). However, current evidence has been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between blood cholesterol levels and the risk of PCa. Methods:An extensive search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE for prospective studies that have reported the association between total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), [...]

Menée sur 12 518 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate, cette étude identifie un polymorphisme à simple nucléotide situé sur la région chromosomique 5q14.3 en association avec un risque d'une forme agressive de la maladie

Two susceptibility loci identified for prostate cancer aggressiveness

Berndt, Sonja I. ; Wang, Zhaoming ; Yeager, Meredith ; Alavanja, Michael C. ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Amundadottir, Laufey ; Andriole, Gerald ; Beane Freeman, Laura ; Campa, Daniele ; Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine ; Canzian, Federico ; Cornu, Jean-Nicolas ; Cussenot, Olivier ; Diver, W. Ryan ; Gapstur, Susan M. ; Gronberg, Henrik ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Henderson, Brian ; Hutchinson, Amy ; Hunter, David J. ; Key, Timothy J. ; Kolb, Suzanne ; Koutros, Stella ; Kraft, Peter ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Lindström, Sara ; Machiela, Mitchell J. ; Ostrander, Elaine A. ; Riboli, Elio ; Schumacher, Fred ; Siddiq, Afshan ; Stanford, Janet L. ; Stevens, Victoria L. ; Travis, Ruth C. ; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. ; Virtamo, Jarmo ; Weinstein, Stephanie ; Wilkund, Fredrik ; Xu, Jianfeng ; Lilly Zheng, S. ; Yu, Kai ; Wheeler, William ; Zhang, Han ; African Ancestry Prostate Cancer, Gwas Consortium ; Sampson, Joshua ; Black, Amanda ; Jacobs, Kevin ; Hoover, Robert N. ; Tucker, Margaret ; Chanock, Stephen J.

Most men diagnosed with prostate cancer will experience indolent disease; hence, discovering genetic variants that distinguish aggressive from nonaggressive prostate cancer is of critical clinical importance for disease prevention and treatment. In a multistage, case-only genome-wide association study of 12,518 prostate cancer cases, we identify two loci associated with Gleason score, a pathological measure of disease aggressiveness: rs35148638 at 5q14.3 (RASA1, P=6.49 [times] 10-9) and [...]

Menée sur 51 personnes appartenant à 48 familles affectées par une polypose adénomateuse, cette étude identifie une mutation du gène NTHL1 conférant une susceptibilité à cette maladie et au développement d'un cancer colorectal

A germline homozygous mutation in the base-excision repair gene NTHL1 causes adenomatous polyposis and colorectal cancer

Weren, Robbert D. A. ; Ligtenberg, Marjolijn J. L. ; Kets, C. Marleen ; de Voer, Richarda M. ; Verwiel, Eugene T. P. ; Spruijt, Liesbeth ; van Zelst-Stams, Wendy A. G. ; Jongmans, Marjolijn C. ; Gilissen, Christian ; Hehir-Kwa, Jayne Y. ; Hoischen, Alexander ; Shendure, Jay ; Boyle, Evan A. ; Kamping, Eveline J. ; Nagtegaal, Iris D. ; Tops, Bastiaan B. J. ; Nagengast, Fokko M. ; Geurts van Kessel, Ad ; van Krieken, J. Han J. M. ; Kuiper, Roland P. ; Hoogerbrugge, Nicoline

The genetic cause underlying the development of multiple colonic adenomas, the premalignant precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC), frequently remains unresolved in patients with adenomatous polyposis. Here we applied whole-exome sequencing to 51 individuals with multiple colonic adenomas from 48 families. In seven affected individuals from three unrelated families, we identified a homozygous germline nonsense mutation in the base-excision repair (BER) gene NTHL1. This mutation was exclusively [...]

Menée sur 35 patients atteints d'un carcinome rénal à cellules claires, cette étude française identifie une mutation constitutionnelle du gène PBRM1 prédisposant à la maladie

A germline mutation in PBRM1 predisposes to renal cell carcinoma

Benusiglio, Patrick R ; Couve, Sophie ; Gilbert-Dussardier, Brigitte ; Deveaux, Sophie ; Le Jeune, Hélène ; Da Costa, Mélanie ; Fromont, Gaëlle ; Memeteau, Françoise ; Yacoub, Mokrane ; Coupier, Isabelle ; Leroux, Dominique ; Méjean, Arnaud ; Escudier, Bernard ; Giraud, Sophie ; Gimenez-Roqueplo, Anne-Paule ; Blondel, Christophe ; Frouin, Eric ; Teh, Bin T ; Ferlicot, Sophie ; Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte ; Richard, Stéphane ; Gad, Sophie

Background : Many cases of familial renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain unexplained by mutations in the known predisposing genes or shared environmental factors. There are therefore additional, still unidentified genes involved in familial RCC. PBRM1 is a tumour suppressor gene and somatic mutations are found in 30–45% of sporadic clear cell (cc) RCC. Methods : We selected 35 unrelated patients with unexplained personal history of ccRCC and at least one affected first-degree relative, and [...]

Menée en populations québécoise et polonaise, cette étude identifie des mutations constitutionnelles du gène RECQL en association avec un risque de cancer du sein

Germline RECQL mutations are associated with breast cancer susceptibility

Cybulski, Cezary ; Carrot-Zhang, Jian ; Kluzniak, Wojciech ; Rivera, Barbara ; Kashyap, Aniruddh ; Wokolorczyk, Dominika ; Giroux, Sylvie ; Nadaf, Javad ; Hamel, Nancy ; Zhang, Shiyu ; Huzarski, Tomasz ; Gronwald, Jacek ; Byrski, Tomasz ; Szwiec, Marek ; Jakubowska, Anna ; Rudnicka, Helena ; Lener, Marcin ; Masojc, Bartlomiej ; Tonin, Patrica N. ; Rousseau, Francois ; Górski, Bohdan ; Dębniak, Tadeusz ; Majewski, Jacek ; Lubinski, Jan ; Foulkes, William D. ; Narod, Steven A. ; Akbari, Mohammad R.

Several moderate- and high-risk breast cancer susceptibility genes have been discovered, but more are likely to exist. To discover new breast cancer susceptibility genes, we used 2 populations (from Poland and Quebec, Canada) and applied whole-exome sequencing in a discovery phase (n = 195), followed by validation. We identified rare recurrent RECQL mutations in each population. In Quebec, 7 of 1,013 higher-risk breast cancer cases and 1 of 7,136 newborns carried the c.634C>T (p.Arg215*) [...]

A partir des données portant sur 101 patients et 217 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau sérique ou plasmatique d'hormones sexuelles stéroïdiennes et le risque de cancer du sein chez l'homme

Prediagnostic Sex Steroid Hormones in Relation to Male Breast Cancer Risk

Brinton, Louise A. ; Key, Tim J. ; Kolonel, Laurence N. ; Michels, Karin B. ; Sesso, Howard D. ; Ursin, Giske ; Van Den Eeden, Stephen K. ; Wood, Shannon N. ; Falk, Roni T. ; Parisi, Dominick ; Guillemette, Chantal ; Caron, Patrick ; Turcotte, Véronique ; Habel, Laurel A. ; Isaacs, Claudine J. ; Riboli, Elio ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Cook, Michael B.

Purpose : Although previous studies have implicated a variety of hormone-related risk factors in the etiology of male breast cancers, no previous studies have examined the effects of endogenous hormones. Patients and Methods : Within the Male Breast Cancer Pooling Project, an international consortium comprising 21 case-control and cohort investigations, a subset of seven prospective cohort studies were able to contribute prediagnostic serum or plasma samples for hormone quantitation. Using a [...]

A partir des données du registre suédois des cancers et d'une base nationale portant sur 11 602 616 individus, cette étude de cohorte évalue le risque de cancer chez des membres d'une famille dont l'un des parents est atteint d'un cancer du rhinopharynx (1 211 cas), sur la période 1961-2009

Cancer risk in the relatives of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma - a register-based cohort study in Sweden

Liu, Z. ; Fang, F. ; Chang, E. T. ; Ye, W.

Background: Little is known about cancer susceptibility among relatives of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in non-endemic areas. We conducted a register-based cohort study to assess the relative risks (RRs) of cancer in families of NPC probands in Sweden. Methods: By linking 11 602 616 Swedish-born individuals (defined as ‘general population’) identified from national censuses to the Swedish Cancer Register and Multi-Generation Register, we identified 9157 relatives (3645 first-degree [...]