Menée en Australie auprès de 70 participants ayant une pratique tabagique ou n'ayant jamais fumé, cette étude analyse, dans leur vie quotidienne, leur attitude vis-à-vis de messages de lutte contre le tabagisme

Australian Smokers’ and Non-Smokers’ Exposure to Anti-Smoking Warnings in Day-to-Day Life: A Pilot Study

Schüz, Natalie ; Ferguson, Stuart G.

Introduction : Smokers and non-smokers can encounter a variety of anti-smoking messages in their everyday life. Anti-smoking warnings often involve fear appeals to which particularly smokers may react in a defensive manner by avoiding or derogating the messages, or downplaying their personal risk. However, previous studies testing the effects of anti-smoking warnings have either been retrospective or lab-based, thus introducing potential recall biases and yielding limited ecological validity. [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès d'un échantillon de 267 fumeurs âgés de 18 à 34 ans, cette étude analyse le rôle des cigarettes mentholées dans l'initiation tabagique et l'évolution du comportement tabagique, puis évalue l'association entre leur consommation et l'intention d'arrêter de fumer

Patterns of longitudinal transitions in menthol use among U.S. young adult smokers

Rath, Jessica M. ; Villanti, Andrea C. ; Williams, Valerie F. ; Richardson, Amanda ; Pearson, Jennifer ; Vallone, Donna M.

Introduction: Menthol is the only characterizing flavor in cigarettes that was not banned as part of the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. This longitudinal study explores the role of menthol in smoking initiation and progression. Purpose 1) to examine young adult patterns of menthol cigarette use including switching between menthol and non-menthol 2) to describe associations between these patterns of menthol use and cessation related intentions and behaviors. Methods : [...]

Menée dans l'Etat du Connecticut (Etats-Unis) à partir d'une enquête auprès de 127 adolescents ou jeunes adultes, cette étude identifie les raisons expliquant l'expérimentation de la cigarette électronique et l'arrêt de son utilisation

Reasons for Electronic Cigarette Experimentation and Discontinuation among Adolescents and Young Adults

Kong, Grace ; Morean, Meghan E. ; Cavallo, Dana A. ; Camenga, Deepa R. ; Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra

Introduction : Understanding why young people try and stop e-cigarette use is critical to inform e-cigarette regulatory efforts. Methods : We conducted 18 focus groups (N=127) in 1 middle school (MSs), 2 high schools (HSs), and 2 colleges in Connecticut to assess themes related to e-cigarette experimentation and discontinuation. We then conducted surveys to evaluate these identified themes in 2 MS, 4 HS, and 1 college (N=1175) to explore whether reasons for e-cigarette experimentation and/or [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (32 articles), cette étude analyse la relation entre l'utilisation du narguilé et une dépendance à la nicotine et au tabagisme

Waterpipe tobacco smoking: what is the evidence that it supports nicotine/tobacco dependence?

Aboaziza, Eiman ; Eissenberg, Thomas

Objective : Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) involves passing tobacco smoke through water prior to inhalation, and has spread worldwide. This spread becomes a public health concern if it is associated with tobacco-caused disease and if WTS supports tobacco/nicotine dependence. A growing literature demonstrates that WTS is associated with disability, disease and death. This narrative review examines if WTS supports nicotine/tobacco dependence, and is intended to help guide tobacco control efforts [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 367 993 femmes de la cohorte EPIC (âge : 35 à 70 ans ; durée médiane de suivi : 11,5 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de folate d'origine alimentaire et le risque de cancer du sein (11 575 cas)

Dietary Folate Intake and Breast Cancer Risk: European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition

de Batlle, J. ; Ferrari, P. ; Chajes, V. ; Park, J. Y. ; Slimani, N. ; McKenzie, F. ; Overvad, K. ; Roswall, N. ; Tjønneland, A. ; Boutron-Ruault, M. C. ; Clavel-Chapelon, F. ; Fagherazzi, G. ; Katzke, V. ; Kaaks, R. ; Bergmann, M. M. ; Trichopoulou, A. ; Lagiou, P. ; Trichopoulos, D. ; Palli, D. ; Sieri, S. ; Panico, S. ; Tumino, R. ; Vineis, P. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. ; Peeters, P. H. ; Hjartåker, A. ; Engeset, D. ; Weiderpass, E. ; Sánchez, S. ; Travier, N. ; Sanchez, M. J. ; Amiano, P. ; Chirlaque, M. D. ; Barricarte Gurrea, A. ; Khaw, K. T. ; Key, T. J. ; Bradbury, K. E. ; Ericson, U. ; Sonestedt, E. ; Van Guelpen, B. ; Schneede, J. ; Riboli, E. ; Romieu, I.

Background : There is limited evidence on the association between dietary folate intake and the risk of breast cancer (BC) by hormone receptor expression in the tumors. We investigated the relationship between dietary folate and BC risk using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods : A total of 367993 women age 35 to 70 years were recruited in 10 European countries. During a median follow-up of 11.5 years, 11575 women with BC were identified. [...]

Cet article passe en revue les avancées récentes en matière de prévention des cancers associés au papillomavirus humain

Immunoprevention of human papillomavirus-associated malignancies

Wang, Joshua W ; Hung, Chien-Fu ; Huh, Warner K ; Trimble, Cornelia L ; Roden, Richard B.S.

Persistent infection by one of fifteen high risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types is a necessary but not sufficient cause of 5% of all human cancers. This provides a remarkable opportunity for cancer prevention via immunization. Since Harald zur Hausen's pioneering identification of hrHPV types 16 and 18, found in ~50% and ~20% of cervical cancers respectively, two prophylactic HPV vaccines containing virus-like particles (VLP) of each genotype have been widely licensed. These vaccines are [...]

Cet article fait le point sur la manière dont les politiques et programmes de lutte contre le tabagisme peuvent prendre en compte les déterminants sociaux de la santé et réduire les inégalités en matière de prévention contre le tabagisme

Addressing the Social Determinants of Health to Reduce Tobacco-Related Disparities

Garrett, Bridgette E. ; Dube, Shanta R. ; Babb, Stephen ; McAfee, Tim

Comprehensive tobacco prevention and control efforts that include implementing smoke-free air laws, increasing tobacco prices, conducting hard-hitting mass media campaigns, and making evidence-based cessation treatments available are effective in reducing tobacco use in the general population. However, if these interventions are not implemented in an equitable manner, certain population groups may be left out causing or exacerbating disparities in tobacco use. Disparities in tobacco use have, [...]

Menée à partir des données de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, cette étude évalue l'effet des six mesures du programme MPOWER sur l'évolution du tabagisme entre 2006 et 2009

The effect of MPOWER on smoking prevalence

Dubray, Jolene ; Schwartz, Robert ; Chaiton, Michael ; O'Connor, Shawn ; Cohen, Joanna E

Objective : To examine the effect of varying levels of comprehensive tobacco control on smoking in a global context. Methods : Using data from WHO's Reports on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, scatter plots were produced to visualise the relationship between comprehensive tobacco control policy (2008 MPOWER composite score) and change in current tobacco smoking between 2006 and 2009. Fixed-effect regression models assessed the effect of changes in each MPOWER measure on changes in current tobacco [...]

Mené en Australie à partir d'enquêtes téléphoniques auprès de 546 participants âgés de 18 à 42 ans, cet essai randomisé évalue l'efficacité de SMS pour améliorer leurs comportements de santé en matière de protection solaire et les inciter à pratiquer un auto-examen cutané

Can skin cancer prevention and early detection be improved via mobile phone text messaging? A randomised, attention-control trial

Youl, Philippa ; Peter Soyer, H. ; Baade, Peter ; Marshall, Alison L. ; Finch, Linda ; Janda, Monika

Objective : To test the impact of a theory-based, SMS (text message)-delivered behavioural intervention (Healthy Text) targeting sun protection or skin self-examination behaviours compared to attention-control. Method : Overall, 546 participants aged 18–42 years were randomised using a computer-generated number list to the skin self-examination (N = 176), sun protection (N = 187), or attention-control (N = 183) text messages group. Each group received 21 text messages about their assigned topic [...]

Menée en Nouvelle-Zélande auprès de 1 310 adultes fumeurs quotidiens, cette étude compare, du point de vue du taux d'abstinence tabagique continue à 1 mois, l'efficacité d'un traitement par cytisine d'une durée de 25 jours et d'un traitement substitutif nicotinique d'une durée de 8 semaines

Cytisine versus Nicotine for Smoking Cessation

Walker, Natalie ; Howe, Colin ; Glover, Marewa ; McRobbie, Hayden ; Barnes, Joanne ; Nosa, Vili ; Parag, Varsha ; Bassett, Bruce ; Bullen, Christopher

Background : Placebo-controlled trials indicate that cytisine, a partial agonist that binds the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and is used for smoking cessation, almost doubles the chances of quitting at 6 months. We investigated whether cytisine was at least as effective as nicotine-replacement therapy in helping smokers to quit. Methods : We conducted a pragmatic, open-label, noninferiority trial in New Zealand in which 1310 adult daily smokers who were motivated to quit and called the [...]

Mené sur 2 326 fumeurs, cet essai montre que l'efficacité d'un traitement substitutif nicotinique par patch est moindre chez les femmes dont l'indice de masse corporelle est élevé

Differential efficacy of nicotine replacement among overweight and obese women smokers

Strong, David R. ; David, Sean P. ; Johnstone, Elaine C. ; Aveyard, Paul ; Murphy, Michael F. ; Munafò, Marcus

Introduction : Rates of obesity are higher among more dependent smokers and 37-65% of smokers seeking cessation treatment are overweight or obese. Overweight or obese smokers may possess metabolic and neurobiological features that contribute to difficulty achieving cessation using front-line nicotine replacement products. Attention to factors that facilitate effective cessation treatment in this vulnerable population is needed to significantly reduce mortality risk among overweight and obese [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données d'une enquête portant sur 699 jeunes adultes ayant une pratique tabagique, cette étude analyse la proportion de participants ayant reçu et utilisé dans les six derniers mois des bons de réduction envoyés par les compagnies cigarettières

Tobacco industry direct mail receipt and coupon use among young adult smokers

Jane Lewis, M. ; Bover-Manderski, Michelle T. ; Delnevo, Cristine D.

Objective : To examine young adult smokers' receipt of tobacco industry direct mail and use of coupons to purchase cigarettes. Method : A total of 699 young adults from a 2011 national survey who reported smoking every day/some days provided self-report data on past-six month receipt of direct mail and past-six month use of coupons to purchase cigarettes. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds of direct mail receipt and coupon use. Results : Overall, 25.1% [...]