Menée en 2013 à partir d'une enquête en ligne auprès d'un échantillon représentatif de la population américaine incluant 1 449 adultes (âge moyen : 50 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau d'exposition auto-déclarée à différents vecteurs de communication sur la cigarette électronique (publicités, médias, discussions privées) et l'adhésion à une politique interdisant d'utiliser ce produit et de fumer dans les lieux publics

Sociodemographic correlates of self-reported exposure to e-cigarette communications and its association with public support for smoke-free and vape-free policies: results from a national survey of US adults

Tan, Andy S L ; Bigman, Cabral A ; Sanders-Jackson, Ashley

Background : Exposure to e-cigarette communications (eg, advertisements, news and entertainment media, and interpersonal discussion) may influence support for smoke-free or vape-free policies. This study examined the sociodemographic correlates of self-reported exposure to e-cigarette communications and their relationships with support for restricting vaping and smoking in public venues. Method : Online survey data was collected from a representative sample of US adults (n=1449) between October [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir d'une enquête en ligne auprès de 2 376 fumeurs quotidiens ou irréguliers âgés d'au moins 25 ans, cette étude analyse, en fonction du sexe, de l'origine ethnique (africaine, latino-américaine ou européenne) et du degré de tabagisme, les raisons expliquant leur pratique tabagique

Reasons for Smoking Among Tri-Ethnic Daily and Nondaily Smokers

Pulvers, Kim ; Scheuermann, Taneisha S. ; Emami, Ashley S. ; Basora, Brittany ; Luo, Xianghua ; Khariwala, Samir S. ; Ahluwalia, Jasjit S.

Introduction : Nondaily smokers experience adverse effects from tobacco use, yet they have been understudied compared to daily smokers. Understanding how reasons for smoking (RS) differ by smoking level, gender, and ethnicity could inform tailored interventions. Methods : A cross-sectional survey was administered through an online panel survey service to 2,376 current smokers who were at least 25 years of age. The sample was stratified to obtain equal numbers of 3 racial/ethnic groups (African [...]

Menée en France à partir de questionnaires auprès d'une cohorte de 621 femmes en bonne santé dont un parent est porteur d'une mutation BRCA1 ou BRCA2 (âge moyen : 40,5 ans ; durée de suivi : 5 ans), cette étude analyse l'évolution de leur comportement tabagique après avoir reçu les résultats d'un test de recherche des mutations BRCA

Cigarette smoking in women after BRCA1/2 genetic test disclosure: a 5-year follow-up study of the GENEPSO PS cohort

Julian-Reynier, Claire ; Resseguier, Noemie ; Bouhnik, Anne-Deborah ; Eisinger, Francois ; Lasset, Christine ; Fourme, Emmanuelle ; Nogues, Catherine

Purpose : This study aimed to measure patients’ smoking patterns for 5 years after BRCA1/2 test result disclosure. Methods : A national cohort consisting of 621 French cancer-free women from families with BRCA1/2 mutations (mean age (SD): 40.5 years (11.5 years)) were included from December 1999 to January 2006, before disclosure of genetic test results, and followed for 5 years. They completed self-administered questionnaires about their cigarette smoking behaviors before receiving their test [...]

Menée auprès de 1 806 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate et auprès de 12 005 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'adhésion aux huit recommandations du WCRF et de l'AICR pour prévenir la survenue d'un cancer, un système de score incorporant trois facteurs de risque alimentaires associés plus spécifiquement au cancer de la prostate, et le risque de développer cette maladie

Adherence to dietary and lifestyle recommendations and prostate cancer risk in the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) trial

Er, Vanessa ; Athene Lane, J. ; Martin, Richard M. ; Emmett, Pauline ; Gilbert, Rebecca ; Avery, Kerry N.L. ; Walsh, Eleanor ; Donovan, Jenny L. ; Neal, David E. ; Hamdy, Freddie C. ; Jeffreys, Mona

Background : The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) published eight recommendations for cancer prevention but they are not targeted at prostate cancer prevention. We investigated whether adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations and a prostate cancer dietary index are associated with prostate cancer risk. Methods : We conducted a nested case-control study of 1,806 PSA-detected prostate cancer cases and 12,005 controls in the ProtecT trial. [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de modèles mathématiques incorporant les données de services en ligne d'aide au sevrage tabagique de 23 Etats, cette étude analyse l'impact d'une campagne nationale éducative antitabac, diffusant entre mars et juin 2012 le témoignage et les conseils d'anciens fumeurs, sur l'utilisation de ces services d'aide en ligne et sur la proportion des appelants ayant arrêté ou tenté d'arrêter de fumer

Intermediate Cessation Outcomes Among Quitline Callers During a National Tobacco Education Campaign

Zhang, Lei ; Vickerman, Katrina ; Malarcher, Ann ; Mowery, Paul

Introduction: From March 19 through June 10, 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention launched the first federally funded National Tobacco Education Campaign: Tips From Former Smokers (Tips). This study examined the campaign’s impact on quitline callers’ intermediate cessation outcomes. Methods: We used quitline data from 23 states to examine changes in enrollment, service utilization, quit attempts and self-reported quitting for 7 days or longer during Tips versus a similar time [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mars 2012 (41 études), cette étude analyse les facteurs empêchant ou facilitant la vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain chez les jeunes femmes dans les pays à hauts revenus

Barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination of young women in high-income countries: a qualitative systematic review and evidence synthesis

Fisher, Harriet ; Trotter, Caroline ; Hickman, Matthew ; Audrey, Suzanne

Background : Vaccination against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is recommended for adolescent young women prior to sexual debut to reduce cervical cancer related mortality and morbidity. Understanding factors affecting decision-making of HPV vaccination of young women is important so that effective interventions can be developed which address barriers to uptake in population groups less likely to receive the HPV vaccine. Methods : We undertook a qualitative systematic review and evidence synthesis [...]

Cet article analyse l'intérêt d'utiliser les principes des études économiques comportementales pour évaluer l'impact d'une réduction de la quantité de nicotine dans les cigarettes sur le comportement tabagique des fumeurs

Nicotine reduction as an increase in the unit price of cigarettes: A behavioral economics approach

Smith, Tracy T. ; Sved, Alan F. ; Hatsukami, Dorothy K. ; Donny, Eric C.

Urgent action is needed to reduce the harm caused by smoking. Product standards that reduce the addictiveness of cigarettes are now possible both in the U.S. and in countries party to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Specifically, standards that required substantially reduced nicotine content in cigarettes could enable cessation in smokers and prevent future smoking among current non-smokers. Behavioral economics uses principles from the field of microeconomics to characterize how [...]