Menée à partir d'une enquête réalisée auprès de 6 669 fumeurs (âge : 18 ans ou plus), cette étude américaine analyse, sur la période 2002-2011, leurs comportements d'achat en fonction de l'évolution du prix des cigarettes

Trends in cigarette pricing and purchasing patterns in a sample of US smokers: findings from the ITC US surveys (2002–2011)

Cornelius, Monica E ; Driezen, Pete ; Hyland, Andrew ; Fong, Geoffrey T ; Chaloupka, Frank J ; Cummings, K Michael

Objective : This paper examines trends in cigarette prices and corresponding purchasing patterns over a 9-year period and explores characteristics associated with the quantity and location of cigarettes purchased by adult smokers in the USA. Methods : The data for this paper come from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of 6 669 adult smokers (18 years and older) who were recruited and surveyed between 2002 and 2011. Telephone interviews were conducted annually, and smokers were [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en novembre 2012 (13 études épidémiologiques, 6 études cas-témoins, 7 études prospectives, 1 236 004 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation de magnésium d'origine alimentaire et le risque de cancer

Dietary Magnesium Intake and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

Ko, Hae Jin ; Youn, Chang Ho ; Kim, Hyo Min ; Cho, Yoon Jeong ; Lee, Geon Ho ; Lee, Won Kee

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary magnesium and the risk of overall cancer using a meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Review through November 2012. All the articles searched were independently reviewed by 3 authors based on predetermined selection criterion. A total of 13 epidemiologic studies, 6 case-control studies, and 7 prospective cohort studies involving 1,236,004 participants were included in the final analysis. When all [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en avril 2014 (4 essais, 45 151 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la vitamine D en supplémentation et le risque de cancer (4 333 cas) ou le nombre de décès associés à la maladie (1 190)

Vitamin D supplements and cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis

Keum, N. ; Giovannucci, E.

Background : Observational studies suggest that effects of vitamin D may be stronger for cancer mortality than for incidence. Yet, existing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation have limited power to examine the relationships as their primary end points are not cancer incidence or mortality. Methods : Meta-analyses of RCTs of vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality were conducted. Results : Over 2–7 years of duration, vitamin D [...]

Menée sur 1 621 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal invasif primitif et sur 2 592 témoins frères et soeurs (âge : 18 à 90 ans), cette étude analyse, en fonction de l'utilisation d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens, la relation entre des variants de gènes impliqués dans la synthèse de la prostaglandine ou les voies associées et le risque de développer la maladie

Genetic variation in prostaglandin synthesis and related pathways, NSAID use, and colorectal cancer risk in the Colon Cancer Family Registry

Resler, Alexa J ; Makar, Karen W ; Heath, Laura ; Whitton, John ; Potter, John D ; Poole, Elizabeth M ; Habermann, Nina ; Scherer, Dominique ; Duggan, David ; Wang, Hansong ; Lindor, Noralane M ; Passarelli, Michael N ; Baron, John A ; Newcomb, Polly A ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Ulrich, Cornelia M

Although use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) generally decreases colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, inherited genetic variation in inflammatory pathways may alter their potential as preventive agents. We investigated whether variation in prostaglandin synthesis and related pathways influences CRC risk in the Colon Cancer Family Registry by examining associations between 192 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and two variable nucleotide tandem repeats (VNTRs) within 17 candidate [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'un modèle murin de cancer mammaire, cette étude montre que le resvératrol, un phytoestrogène naturel, peut inhiber la carcinogenèse induite par l'estradiol en favorisant, via la régulation épigénétique du facteur de transcription NRF2, des mécanismes de protection de l'ADN contre le stress oxydant

Resveratrol inhibits estrogen-induced breast carcinogenesis through induction of NRF2-mediated protective pathways

Singh, Bupendra ; Shoulson, Rivka ; Chatterjee, Anwesha ; Ronghe, Amruta ; Bhat, Nimee K. ; Dim, Daniel C. ; Bhat, Hari K.

The importance of estrogens in the etiology of breast cancer is widely recognized. Estrogen-induced oxidative stress has been implicated in this carcinogenic process. Resveratrol (Res), a natural antioxidant phytoestrogen has chemopreventive effects against a variety of illnesses including cancer. The objective of the present study was to characterize the mechanism(s) of Res-mediated protection against estrogen-induced breast carcinogenesis. Female ACI rats were treated with 17β-estradiol (E2), [...]

Menée en France à partir de questionnaires auprès de 133 jeunes fumeurs de cigarettes roulées (âge : 18 à 25 ans), cette étude évalue leurs perceptions vis-à-vis des paquets neutres de tabac à rouler

Perceptions of plain packaging among young adult roll-your-own smokers in France: a naturalistic approach

Gallopel-Morvan, Karine ; Moodie, Crawford ; Eker, Figen ; Beguinot, Emmanuelle ; Martinet, Yves

Background : We explored, for the first time, young adult roll-your-own smokers’ response to using plain packaging in real-world settings. Methods : Naturalistic research was employed, where 133 French young adult smokers (18–25 years of age) used plain roll-your-own packs for 10 days; the plain packs they were provided with contained their usual brand of rolling tobacco and displayed the name of their usual brand. Participants were recruited in five cities in France (Paris, Marseille, Metz, [...]