Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 186 150 participantes âgées de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause

Cigarette smoking and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort

Nyante, S. J. ; Gierach, G. L. ; Dallal, C. M. ; Freedman, N. D. ; Park, Y. ; Danforth, K. N. ; Hollenbeck, A. R. ; Brinton, L. A.

Background: The relationship between cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk has been inconsistent, potentially due to modification by other factors or confounding. Methods: We examined smoking and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort of 186 150 female AARP (formerly American Association of Retired Persons) members, ages 50–71 years, who joined the study in 1995–96 by responding to a questionnaire. Through 2006, 7481 breast cancers were diagnosed. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par entretiens téléphoniques auprès de parents de 517 cas et de 784 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des maladies infectieuses, auto-immunes ou allergiques et le risque de lymphome hodgkinien chez des enfants et adolescents âgés de 0 à 14 ans

Infectious, autoimmune and allergic diseases and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents: A Children's Oncology Group study

Linabery, Amy M. ; Erhardt, Erik B. ; Fonstad, Rachel K. ; Ambinder, Richard F. ; Bunin, Greta R. ; Ross, Julie A. ; Spector, Logan G. ; Grufferman, Seymour

An infectious origin for pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has long been suspected and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in a subset of cases. Increased HL incidence in children with congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, consistent associations between autoimmune diseases and adult HL and genome-wide association and other genetic studies together suggest immune dysregulation is involved in lymphomagenesis. Here, healthy control children identified by random digit dialing were [...]

Couplée aux données de la base d'Assurance maladie de Taïwan et portant sur 5 572 cas et 22 288 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des maladies infectieuses, l'utilisation d'antibiotiques et le risque de cancer colorectal chez des patients atteints d'un diabète de type 2

Infection, antibiotic therapy and risk of colorectal cancer: A nationwide nested case–control study in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Wang, Jiun-Ling ; Chang, Chia-Hsuin ; Lin, Jou-Wei ; Wu, Li-Chiu ; Chuang, Lee-Ming ; Lai, Mei-Shu

Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of our study was to examine the inter-relationship among infection sites, systemic antibiotic use and risk of CRC among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. From a diabetic cohort from the Taiwan's National Health Insurance claims database, we identified 3,593 incident colon cancer cases, 1,979 rectal cancer cases and 22,288 controls and conducted a nested case–control study to examine the [...]

A partir de données d'études de séquençage sur le génome entier, cette étude montre que des variants génétiques impliqués dans l'étiologie du pancréas ne sont pas associées à un risque accru de mélanome, et réciproquement

Variants Associated with Susceptibility to Pancreatic Cancer and Melanoma Do Not Reciprocally Affect Risk

Wu, Lang ; Goldstein, Alisa M ; Yu, Kai ; Yang, Xiaohong R ; Rabe, Kari G. ; Arslan, Alan A ; Canzian, Federico ; Wolpin, Brian M. ; Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael ; Amundadottir, Laufey T. ; Petersen, Gloria M.

Background: Melanoma cases may exist in pancreatic cancer kindreds, while there is increased risk of pancreatic cancer in familial melanoma. The two cancers may share genetic susceptibility variants in common. Methods: Three dbGaP-deposited GWAS datasets (MD Anderson melanoma, PanScan 1, and PanScan 2 for pancreatic cancer) were used. Thirty-seven melanoma susceptibility variants in 22 genomic regions from published GWAS, plus melanoma-related genes and pathways were examined for pancreatic [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni auprès de 4 822 participantes, cette étude évalue l'association entre la longueur des télomères des lymphocytes et le risque de cancer, en fonction de la présence de mutations BRCA1 ou BRCA2

Lymphocyte telomere length is longer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers but does not affect subsequent cancer risk

Pooley, Karen A. ; McGuffog, Lesley ; Barrowdale, Daniel ; Frost, Debra ; Ellis, Steve D. ; Fineberg, Elena ; Platte, Radka ; Izatt, Louise ; Adlard, Julian ; Bardwell, Julian ; Brewer, Carole ; Cole, Trevor ; Cook, Jackie ; Davidson, Rosemarie ; Donaldson, Alan ; Dorkins, Huw ; Douglas, Fiona ; Eason, Jaqueline ; Houghton, Catherine ; Kennedy, M. John ; McCann, Emma ; Miedzybrodzka, Zosia ; Murray, Alex ; Porteous, Mary E. ; Rogers, Mark T. ; Side, Lucy E. ; Tischkowitz, Marc ; Walker, Lisa ; Hodgeson, Shirley ; Eccles, Diana M ; Morrison, Patrick J. ; Evans, D. Gareth R. ; Eeles, Rosalind ; Antoniou, Antonis C. ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Dunning, Alison M.

Background:Telomere length has been linked to risk of common diseases, including cancer, and has previously been proposed as a biomarker for cancer risk. Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations predispose to breast, ovarian and other cancer types. Methods:We investigated telomere length in BRCA mutation carriers and their non-carrier relatives and further examined whether telomere length is a modifier of cancer risk in mutation carriers. We measured mean telomere length in DNA extracted from whole [...]

Cette étude américaine passe en revue les travaux récents ayant identifié, pour rendre compte du lien entre obésité et risque de cancer, des communautés microbiennes impliquées dans la production d'acides biliaires endommageant l'ADN

Obesity and Cancer: A Gut Microbial Connection

Ohtani, Naoko ; Yoshimoto, Shin ; Hara, Eiji

Multiple epidemiological studies have revealed that excess bodyweight, such as in people who are overweight or obese (defined by a body mass index higher than 25 kg/m2), is a major risk factor for not only diabetes and cardiovascular diseases but also cancer. Effective strategies for obesity prevention are therefore needed for cancer prevention. However, because the prevalence of excess bodyweight in most developed countries has been increasing markedly over the past several decades, with no [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 43 325 participants, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre des indicateurs de l'équilibre oxydant-antioxydant et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Oxidative Balance Score and Risk for Incident Prostate Cancer in a Prospective U.S. Cohort Study

Lakkur, Sindhu ; Goodman, Michael ; Bostick, Roberd M. ; Citronberg, Jessica ; McClellan, William ; Flanders, W. Dana ; Judd, Suzanne ; Stevens, Victoria L.

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants. Previous research found that a single comprehensive oxidative balance score (OBS) that includes individual pro- and anti-oxidant exposures may be associated with various conditions (including prostate cancer) in the absence of associations with the individual factors. We investigated an OBS-incident prostate cancer association among 43,325 men in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort. From 1999 to [...]

Couplée aux données de la cohorte européenne EPIC et portant sur 345 cas et 735 témoins, cette étude prospective analyse l'association entre le niveau sérique du facteur de croissance analogue à l'insuline-1 et le risque de carcinome différencié de la thyroïde

Insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Schmidt, Julie A. ; Allen, Naomi E. ; Almquist, Martin ; Franceschi, Silvia ; Rinaldi, Sabina ; Tipper, Sarah J. ; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Overvad, Kim ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Dossus, Laure ; Mesrine, Sylvie ; Kaaks, Rudolf ; Lukanova, Annekatrin ; Boeing, Heiner ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Palli, Domenico ; Krogh, Vittorio ; Panico, Salvatore ; Tumino, Rosario ; Zanetti, Roberto ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; Peeters, Petra H. M. ; Lund, Eiliv ; Menéndez, Virginia ; Agudo, Antonio ; Sánchez, María-José ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Larranaga, Nerea ; Hennings, Joakim ; Sandström, Maria ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Wareham, Nicholas ; Romieu, Isabelle ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Riboli, Elio ; Key, Timothy J. ; Travis, Ruth C.

Background: Little is known about the causes of thyroid cancer, but insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) might play an important role in its development due to its mitogenic and anti-apoptotic properties. Methods: This study prospectively investigated the association between serum IGF-I concentrations and risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. 345 incident cases of differentiated thyroid [...]

A partir de deux bases de données européennes portant sur 1 945 cas de cancer des voies aérodigestives supérieures et 3 121 témoins, cette étude identifie des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de gènes impliqués dans la réparation de l'ADN en association avec une susceptibilité aux divers sous-types de la maladie

Genetic variants in DNA repair pathways and risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancers: Combined analysis of data from two genome-wide association studies in European populations

Babron, Marie-Claude ; Kazma, Rémi ; Gaborieau, Valérie ; McKay, James ; Brennan, Paul ; Sarasin, Alain ; Benhamou, Simone

DNA repair pathways are good candidates for upper aero-digestive tract cancer susceptibility because of their critical role in maintaining genome integrity. We have selected thirteen pathways involved in DNA repair representing 212 autosomal genes. To assess the role of these pathways and their associated genes, two European datasets from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium were pooled, totaling 1954 cases and 3121 controls, with documented demographic, lifetime [...]

Menée en deux étapes sur une population chinoise Han ( 2 331 cas -3 077 témoins et 1 534 cas-1 489 témoins), cette étude d'association sur le génome entier identifie deux polymorphismes à simple nucléotide augmentant le risque de cancer du poumon induit par le tabagisme

A genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis for tobacco smoke and lung cancer susceptibility

Zhang, Ruyang ; Chu, Minjie ; Zhao, Yang ; Wu, Chen ; Guo, Huan ; Shi, Yongyong ; Dai, Juncheng ; Wei, Yongyue ; Jin, Guangfu ; Ma, Hongxia ; Dong, Jing ; Yi, Honggang ; Bai, Jianling ; Gong, Jianhang ; Sun, Chongqi ; Zhu, Meng ; Wu, Tangchun ; Hu, Zhibin ; Lin, Dongxin ; Shen, Hongbing ; Chen, Feng

Tobacco smoke is the major environmental risk factor underlying lung carcinogenesis. However, approximately one-tenth smokers develop lung cancer in their lifetime indicating there is significant individual variation in susceptibility to lung cancer. And, the reasons for this are largely unknown. In particular, the genetic variants discovered in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) account for only a small fraction of the phenotypic variations for lung cancer, and gene-environment [...]