A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (16 études, 19 cohortes, 4 445 cas de cancer), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer du foie

Alcohol and liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

Turati, F. ; Galeone, C. ; Rota, M. ; Pelucchi, C. ; Negri, E. ; Bagnardi, V. ; Corrao, G. ; Boffetta, P. ; La Vecchia, C.

Despite several studies support a positive association between heavy alcohol consumption and liver cancer risk, a consistent dose–risk relationship has not yet been established. We carried out a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the association between alcohol intake and liver cancer occurrence, following the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. We searched for cohort and nested case–control studies on the general population published before April 2013, [...]

A partir des données de 14 études de cohortes prospectives (862 680 participants, 2 212 cas de cancer), cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation de produits laitiers et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Dairy products and pancreatic cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 14 cohort studies

Genkinger, J. M. ; Wang, M. ; Li, R. ; Albanes, D. ; Anderson, K. E. ; Bernstein, L. ; van den Brandt, P. A. ; English, D. R. ; Freudenheim, J. L. ; Fuchs, C. S. ; Gapstur, S. M. ; Giles, G. G. ; Goldbohm, R. A. ; Håkansson, N. ; Horn-Ross, P. L. ; Koushik, A. ; Marshall, J. R. ; McCullough, M. L. ; Miller, A. B. ; Robien, K. ; Rohan, T. E. ; Schairer, C. ; Silverman, D. T. ; Stolzenberg-Solomon, R. Z. ; Virtamo, J. ; Willett, W. C. ; Wolk, A. ; Ziegler, R. G. ; Smith-Warner, S. A.

Pancreatic cancer has few early symptoms, is usually diagnosed at late stages, and has a high case-fatality rate. Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial to reducing pancreatic cancer morbidity and mortality. Prior studies have suggested that specific foods and nutrients, such as dairy products and constituents, may play a role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. In this pooled analysis of the primary data from 14 prospective cohort studies, 2212 incident pancreatic cancer cases were [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (124 études, 13 832 cas), cette méta-analyse évalue la prévalence d'une infection par le papillomavirus humain dans les carcinomes épidermoïdes de l'œsophage

Prevalence of human papillomavirus among oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma cases: systematic review and meta-analysis

Petrick, J. L. ; Wyss, A. B. ; Butler, A. M. ; Cummings, C. ; Sun, X. ; Poole, C. ; Smith, J. S. ; Olshan, A. F.

Background: Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) has been hypothesised as a risk factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but aetiological research has been limited by the varying methodology used for establishing HPV prevalence. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to estimate the prevalence of HPV DNA detected in OSCC tumours and the influence of study characteristics. Methods: Study-level estimates of overall and type-specific HPV prevalence were [...]

Menée sur 90 échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur des patientes soudanaises atteintes d'un cancer du sein, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par le virus d'Epstein Barr et le risque de cancer du sein

Epstein Barr virus: a prime candidate of breast cancer aetiology in Sudanese patients

Yahia, Zeinab ; Adam, Ameera ; Elgizouli, Magdeldin ; Hussein, Ayman ; Masri, Mai ; Kamal, Mayada ; Mohamed, Hiba ; Alzaki, Kamal ; Elhassan, Ahmed ; Hamad, Kamal ; Ibrahim, Muntaser

Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in Sudanese women. Reported genetic alterations in the form of mutations in tumor suppressors are low in frequencies and could not explain the peculiarities of the diseases including its focal nature. Potential contributors disease aetiology include oncogenic viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an established culprit of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, one of the most frequent cancers in Sudan.In this study, DNA was extracted from malignant tissue samples [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte américaine "California Childhood Leukemia Study", cette étude évalue l'association entre une naissance par césarienne et le risque de leucémie pédiatrique

Mode of Delivery and Risk of Childhood Leukemia

Francis, Stephen S ; Selvin, Steve ; Metayer, Catherine ; Wallace, Amelia D. ; Crouse, Vonda ; Moore, Theodore B. ; Wiemels, Joseph L. ; Buffler, Patricia A

Background: Childhood infection and immune response have long been suspected in the etiology of childhood leukemia, specifically acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Normal primary inoculation of the core human microbiome is circumvented by caesarian section(CS) delivery, which is a proposed modulator of both immune response and early life infection. Methods: In this study we examined CS delivery and the risk of childhood leukemia using data from the California Childhood Leukemia Study (CCLS) [...]

Menée sur des patients inclus dans une étude cas-témoins sur le cancer du poumon, cette étude met en évidence une association entre la longueur des télomères et le risque de cancer du poumon en fonction du sous-type histologique (adénocarcinome et carcinome épidermoïde)

Telomere Length in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes and Lung Cancer Risk: A Large Case-Control Study in Caucasians

Sanchez-Espiridion, Beatriz ; Chen, Meng ; Chang, Joe Y. ; Lu, Charles ; Chang, David W. ; Roth, Jack A. ; Wu, Xifeng ; Gu, Jian

Telomere dysfunction is a crucial event in malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. Telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes has been associated with lung cancer risk, but the relationship has remained controversial. In this study, we investigated whether the association might be confounded by study of different histological subtypes of lung cancer. We measured relative telomere lengths in patients in a large case-control study of lung cancer and performed stratified analyses according [...]

Menée en Italie auprès de 850 participants (286 cas de cancer), cette étude cas-cohorte multicentrique évalue l'association entre une dyslipidémie et le risque de cancer colorectal

Colorectal cancer risk and dyslipidemia: A case–cohort study nested in an Italian multicentre cohort

Agnoli, Claudia ; Grioni, Sara ; Sieri, Sabina ; Sacerdote, Carlotta ; Vineis, Paolo ; Tumino, Rosario ; Giurdanella, Maria Concetta ; Pala, Valeria ; Mattiello, Amalia ; Chiodini, Paolo ; Iacoviello, Licia ; De Curtis, Amalia ; Cattaneo, Leonardo ; van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J. B. ; Panico, Salvatore ; Krogh, Vittorio

Background : Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for many diseases, but its effect on colorectal cancer risk is less clear. We investigated the association of colorectal cancer risk with plasma triglycerides, total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol in four Italian EPIC centers. Methods : We conducted a case–cohort study on participants recruited to four Italian EPIC centers (Turin, Varese, Naples, and Ragusa; 34,148 subjects). A random subcohort of 850 subjects was obtained and 286 colorectal [...]

A partir des données de trois études cas-témoins incluant 10 290 participants, cette étude identifie deux polymorphismes rares du gène TP53 en association avec le risque de neuroblastome

Rare Variants in TP53 and Susceptibility to Neuroblastoma

Diskin, Sharon J. ; Capasso, Mario ; Diamond, Maura ; Oldridge, Derek A. ; Conkrite, Karina ; Bosse, Kristopher R. ; Russell, Mike R. ; Iolascon, Achille ; Hakonarson, Hakon ; Devoto, Marcella ; Maris, John M.

TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human malignancies; however, de novo somatic mutations in childhood embryonal cancers such as neuroblastoma are rare. We report on the analysis of three independent case–control cohorts comprising 10290 individuals and demonstrate that rs78378222 and rs35850753, rare germline variants in linkage disequilibrium that map to the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of TP53 and 5′ UTR of the Δ133 isoform of TP53, respectively, are robustly associated with [...]