Mené en Espagne et au Mexique auprès de 2 001 adolescents (durée de suivi : 9 mois), cet essai randomisé évalue l'efficacité d'un programme d'interventions en ligne comportant des messages d'encouragement par SMS pour réduire les comportements à risque de cancer (tabagisme, consommation d'alcool, mauvaise alimentation, exposition solaire...)

Impact of a web-based intervention supplemented with text messages to improve cancer prevention behaviors among adolescents: results from a randomized controlled trial

Lana Perez, Alberto ; Faya-Ornia, Goretti ; López, María Luisa

Objective : To assess the impact of a web-based intervention supplemented with text messages to reduce cancer risk linked with smoking, unhealthy diet, alcohol consumption, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and sun exposure. Methods : A total of 2001 voluntary adolescents from Spain and Mexico were recruited between 2009 and 2012 and randomly assigned to : one control group (CG) and two experimental groups, which received exclusively the online intervention (EG1) or the intervention supplemented [...]

Menée sur une cohorte de 71 570 femmes (durée de suivi : 1,2 million personnes-années), cette étude évalue, en fonction du niveau d'intensité et de la durée des pratiques, l'association entre des activités physiques de loisir et le risque d'adénocarcinome de l'endomètre (777 cas)

Physical activity and risk of endometrial adenocarcinoma in the Nurses' Health Study

Du, Mengmeng ; Kraft, Peter ; Heather Eliassen, A. ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Hankinson, Susan E. ; De Vivo, Immaculata

Studies suggest that greater physical activity may reduce endometrial cancer risk. However, the role of the timing, duration and intensity of activity is unclear. We therefore examined recent and past recreational activities in relation to incident endometrial adenocarcinoma, and compared the importance of total and moderate-or vigorous-intensity activities as well as walking. We analyzed data from 71,570 women in the Nurses' Health Study, a prospective cohort that assessed activity in 1986, [...]

Menée sur deux cohortes indépendantes incluant 51 529 hommes âgés de 40 à 75 ans et 121 701 femmes âgées de 30 à 55 ans (durée de suivi : 2 395 458 personnes-années), cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre l'utilisation régulière d'aspirine et le risque de myélome multiple

Regular aspirin use and risk of multiple myeloma: a prospective analysis in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Nurses' Health Study

Birmann, Brenda M. ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Rosner, Bernard A. ; Colditz, Graham A.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a lethal malignancy with an unknown etiology and no prevention strategy. Aspirin inhibits several pathways mediated by nuclear factor (NF)-

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en octobre 2011 (4 études cas-témoins, 5 études prospectives de cohorte et 1 essai contrôlé), cette méta-analyse met en évidence une association entre la consommation régulière d'une forte dose d'aspirine et une réduction du risque de cancer du pancréas (7 252 cas ; nombre de témoins supérieur à 120 000)

High-Dose Aspirin Consumption Contributes to Decreased Risk for Pancreatic Cancer in a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cui, Xi-Jun ; He, Qiang ; Zhang, Jian-Min ; Fan, Hui-Jie ; Wen, Zheng-Fang ; Qin, Yan-Ru

Objectives : The aim of this study was to analyze the association between aspirin intake and its effect for chemoprevention of pancreatic cancer incidence by using a meta-analysis method. Methods : The databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Wangfang (Chinese database) were retrieved to identify eligible studies. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Results : A total of 10 studies (4 case-control studies, 5 prospective cohort studies, and 1 [...]

Menée in vitro, cette étude montre que l'inhibition de la cyclo-oxygénase de type 2 prévient la survenue, favorisée par les inhibiteurs de BRAF, d'un carcinome épidermoïde cutané

COX-2 inhibition prevents the appearance of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas accelerated by BRAF inhibitors

Escuin-Ordinas, Helena ; Atefi, Mohammad ; Fu, Yong ; Cass, Ashley ; Ng, Charles ; Huang, Rong Rong ; Yashar, Sharona ; Comin-Anduix, Begonya ; Avramis, Earl ; Cochran, Alistair J. ; Marais, Richard ; Lo, Roger S. ; Graeber, Thomas G. ; Herschman, Harvey R. ; Ribas, Antoni

Keratoacanthomas (KAs) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cuSCCs) develop in 15-30% of patients with BRAFV600E metastatic melanoma treated with BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi). These lesions resemble mouse skin tumors induced by the two-stage DMBA/TPA skin carcinogenesis protocol; in this protocol BRAFi accelerates tumor induction. Since prior studies demonstrated cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is necessary for DMBA/TPA tumor induction, we hypothesized that COX-2 inhibition might prevent [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études récentes concernant l'efficacité de nutriments et d'agents pharmacologiques dans la chimioprévention du cancer de la prostate, puis présente les futurs axes de recherche

Future directions in the prevention of prostate cancer

Thompson Jr, Ian M. ; Cabang, April B. ; Wargovich, Michael J.

The high global incidence of prostate cancer has led to a focus on chemoprevention strategies to reduce the public health impact of the disease. Early studies indicating that selenium and vitamin E might protect against prostate cancer encouraged large-scale studies that produced mixed clinical results. Next-generation prostate cancer prevention trials validated the impact of 5[alpha]-reductase inhibitors in hormone-responsive prostate cancer, and these results were confirmed in follow-up [...]

Menée en 2011 à partir d'entretiens téléphoniques conduits en Californie auprès de 1 718 fumeurs, cette étude américaine évalue l'effet de politiques publiques d'interdiction de fumer sur leurs comportements tabagiques

Smoking ban policies and their influence on smoking behaviors among current California smokers: a population-based study

Zablocki, Rong W. ; Edland, Steven D. ; Myers, Mark G. ; Strong, David R. ; Hofstetter, C. Richard ; Al-Delaimy, Wael K.

Objective : To assess whether smoking ban policies are associated with smoking reduction and quit attempts among California smokers. Methods : Data were examined for 1718 current smokers from follow-up telephone interviews conducted in 2011 of persons previously identified as smokers in a representative sample of the adult population of California. Population weighted logistic regressions controlling for demographic and other variables were used to evaluate the association between smoking ban [...]

Cette étude analyse les pratiques philanthropiques de la société British American Tobacco dans le contexte de la Convention-cadre de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé sur la lutte anti-tabac

Corporate Philanthropy, Political Influence, and Health Policy

Fooks, Gary J. ; Gilmore, Anna B.

Background : The Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC) provides a basis for nation states to limit the political effects of tobacco industry philanthropy, yet progress in this area is limited. This paper aims to integrate the findings of previous studies on tobacco industry philanthropy with a new analysis of British American Tobacco's (BAT) record of charitable giving to develop a general model of corporate political philanthropy that can be used to facilitate implementation of the [...]