A partir de données issues d'analyses cytogénétiques menées sur 869 patients atteints d'une leucémie lymphocytaire chronique, cette étude française suggère que la perte d'un chromosome sexuel est une anomalie clonale contribuant au processus oncogénique

Sex chromosome loss may represent a disease-associated clonal population in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Chapiro, Elise ; Antony-Debre, Ileana ; Marchay, Nathalie ; Parizot, Christophe ; Lesty, Claude ; Cung, Hong-Anh ; Mathis, Stephanie ; Grelier, Aurore ; Maloum, Karim ; Choquet, Sylvain ; Azgui, Zahia ; Uzunov, Madalina ; Leblond, Véronique ; Merle-Beral, Helene ; Sutton, Laurent ; Davi, Frederic ; Nguyen-Khac, Florence

Whether sex chromosome loss (SCL) is an age-related phenomenon or a cytogenetic marker of hematological disease is unclear. To address this issue in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we investigated 20 cases with X or Y chromosome loss detected by conventional cytogenetics (CC). The frequency of SCL was low in CLL (2.3%). It was the sole abnormality, as detected by CC, in 10/20 (50%) patients. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses confirmed SCL in all patients tested, present in [...]

Menée sur 2 001 échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur des patients japonais atteints d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules, cette étude analyse la fréquence des mutations du gène BRAF et leur association avec la survie dans cette population asiatique

Clinicopathological features of nonsmall cell lung carcinomas with BRAF mutations

Kinno, T. ; Tsuta, K. ; Shiraishi, K. ; Mizukami, T. ; Suzuki, M. ; Yoshida, A. ; Suzuki, K. ; Asamura, H. ; Furuta, K. ; Kohno, T. ; Kushima, R.

Background : Recently, driver tyrosine kinase gene mutations have been detected in malignant tumors, including lung tumors. Notwithstanding their attractiveness as targets for molecular therapy, limited information is available regarding BRAF-mutated lung carcinomas. Materials and methods : BRAF mutation status was determined in 2001 surgically resected nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases using high-resolution melting analysis (HRMA) followed by Sanger sequencing and/or deep sequencing [...]

Menée sur 51 échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur des patients chinois atteints d'un carcinome épidermoïde de la cavité buccale, cette étude analyse la fréquence des mutations du gène Notch1 et leur association avec le pronostic de la maladie

Common and complex Notch1 mutations in Chinese oral squamous cell carcinoma

Song, Xiaomeng ; Xia, Ronghui ; Li, Jiang ; Long, Zhifeng ; Ren, Hening ; Chen, Wan-tao ; Mao, Li

Purpose: To determine Notch1 mutation status in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) from Chinese population and its potential clinical implications. Experimental Design: Surgically resected OSCC tissues from 51 Chinese patients and 13 head and neck cancer (HNSCC) cell lines were sequenced for mutations in the entire coding regions of Notch1 and TP53 using a next-generation sequencing platform. Sequences of the genes were also determined in corresponding normal tissues from 46 of the 51 [...]

Menée in vitro et in vivo, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes de nature inflammatoire par lesquels la protéine MUC1 contribue au développement d'un cancer du poumon induit par le tabagisme

MUC1 in macrophage contributions to cigarette smoke-induced lung cancer

Xu, Xiuling ; Padilla, Mabel T. ; Li, Bilan ; Wells, Alexandria ; Kato, Kosuke ; Tellez, Carmen ; Belinsky, Steven A. ; Kim, Kwang Chul ; Lin, Yong

Expression of the pro-oncogenic mucin MUC1 is elevated by inflammation in airway epithelial cells, but the contributions of MUC1 to the development of lung cancer are uncertain. In this study, we developed our finding that cigarette smoke (CS) increases Muc1 expression in lung macrophages, where we hypothesized it might contribute to CS-induced transformation of bronchial epithelial cells. In human macrophages, CS extract (CSE) strongly induced MUC1 expression through a mechanism involving the [...]

Menée à partir d'échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur 256 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal à différentes étapes de la maladie, cette étude suggère que le gène NEDD4L joue un rôle de suppresseur de tumeurs par un mécanisme d'inhibition de la signalisation WNT

NEDD4L Is Downregulated in Colorectal Cancer and Inhibits Canonical WNT Signaling

Tanksley, Jarred P. ; Chen, Xi ; Coffey, Robert J.

The NEDD4 family of E3 ubiquitin ligases includes nine members. Each is a modular protein, containing an N-terminal C2 domain for cell localization, two-to-four central WW domains for substrate recognition, and a C-terminal, catalytic HECT domain, which is responsible for catalyzing the ubiquitylation reaction. Members of this family are known to affect pathways central to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, including the WNT, TGF

Menée à l'aide de xénogreffes, cette étude montre qu'un adénocarcinome avancé de la prostate, dont l'origine se trouve dans des cellules basales, peut se propager grâce à des cellules tumorales de type "luminal-like"

Prostate cancer originating in basal cells progresses to adenocarcinoma propagated by luminal-like cells

Stoyanova, Tanya ; Cooper, Aaron R. ; Drake, Justin M. ; Liu, Xian ; Armstrong, Andrew J. ; Pienta, Kenneth J. ; Zhang, Hong ; Kohn, Donald B. ; Huang, Jiaoti ; Witte, Owen N. ; Goldstein, Andrew S.

The relationship between the cells that initiate cancer and the cancer stem-like cells that propagate tumors has been poorly defined. In a human prostate tissue transformation model, basal cells expressing the oncogenes Myc and myristoylated AKT can initiate heterogeneous tumors. Tumors contain features of acinar-type adenocarcinoma with elevated eIF4E-driven protein translation and squamous cell carcinoma marked by activated beta-catenin. Lentiviral integration site analysis revealed that [...]

Menée à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes par lesquels, en régulant l'expression de la métalloprotéase matricielle MMP2 et de la E-cadhérine, le micro-ARN mirR-29a favorise le processus métastatique d'un cancer colorectal

MicroRNA-29a promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating matrix metalloproteinase 2 and E-cadherin via KLF4

Tang, W. ; Zhu, Y. ; Gao, J. ; Fu, J. ; Liu, C. ; Liu, Y. ; Song, C. ; Zhu, S. ; Leng, Y. ; Wang, G. ; Chen, W. ; Du, P. ; Huang, S. ; Zhou, X. ; Kang, J. ; Cui, L.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that miR-29a has an important role in regulating tumourigenesis and development of various types of cancer. However, the role and the underlying mechanism of miR-29a in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain largely unknown. Methods: MiR-29a targeted gene was identified by the luciferase assay and western blot. MiR-29a function was analysed by invasion assays and the orthotopic transplantation mouse model. The miR-29a pathway was assayed by real-time PCR, western [...]