A partir de données de registres médicaux et de registres des cancers portant sur 29 795 patients ayant survécu à un premier cancer diagnostiqué entre 1985 et 2004, cette étude rétrospective japonaise évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de second cancer primitif

Tobacco smoking and the risk of subsequent primary cancer among cancer survivors: a retrospective cohort study

Tabuchi, T. ; Ito, Y. ; Ioka, A. ; Nakayama, T. ; Miyashiro, I. ; Tsukuma, H.

Background : Smoking is a well-known risk factor for cancer; however, there is little evidence as to whether the smoking status of cancer survivors has any risk for subsequent primary cancer (SPC) incidence, regardless of the first cancer sites. Patients and methods : In total, 29 795 eligible patients with a first cancer between 1985 and 2004 were examined for SPC until the end of 2006, using a record linkage between hospital-based and population-based cancer registries. The association [...]

Menée sur 297 patients atteints d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire et sur 631 témoins, cette étude prospective chinoise évalue l'association entre les niveaux sériques avant diagnostic de métabolites du métabolisme monocarboné (bétaïne, choline, cystathionine, ...) et le risque de développer la maladie

Prediagnostic levels of serum one-carbon metabolites and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

Butler, Lesley M. ; Arning, Erland ; Wang, Renwei ; Bottiglieri, Teodoro ; Govindarajan, Sugantha ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Yuan, Jian-Min

Background : Rats fed diets deficient in choline develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tumor DNA from these animals is characteristically hypomethylated, suggesting that disruption of the one-carbon metabolism pathway is an underlying mechanism for hepatocarcinogenesis. Prospective studies in humans on circulating choline and other one-carbon metabolites and HCC risk have been lacking. Methods : We prospectively examined the association between prediagnostic serum concentrations of one-carbon [...]

Mené sur 111 416 participants inclus dans l'essai "Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening" (durée moyenne de suivi : 8,4 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de divers types d'acides gras d'origine alimentaire et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Dietary fat intake and risk of pancreatic cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Arem, Hannah ; Mayne, Susan T. ; Sampson, Joshua ; Risch, Harvey ; Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z.

Purpose : Epidemiologic and experimental studies suggest that dietary fat intake may affect risk of pancreatic cancer, but published results are inconsistent. Methods : We examined risk associations for specific types of dietary fat intakes and related food sources among 111,416 participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to examine associations between fat intake and pancreatic cancer risk. Results : Over a mean [...]

Menée en Pologne sur 46 travailleurs de l'industrie du charbon, non fumeurs réguliers, et sur 44 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (impliqués dans la carcinogenèse du poumon), des altérations génétiques et le nombre de copies d'ADN mitochondrial dans les lymphocytes du sang périphérique

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Pavanello, Sofia ; Dioni, Laura ; Hoxha, Mirjam ; Fedeli, Ugo ; Mielzynska-Svach, Danuta ; Baccarelli, Andrea A.

Background : Increased mitochondrial DNA copy numbe(mtDNAcn) is a biological response to mtDNA damage and dysfunction predictive of lung cancer risk. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) are established lung carcinogens and may cause mitochondrial toxicity. Whether PAH exposure and PAH-related nuclear DNA(nDNA) genotoxic effects are linked with increased mtDNAcn has never been evaluated. Methods : We investigated the effect of chronic exposure to PAHs on mtDNAcn in peripheral blood [...]

Menée à partir des données 1999-2008 du registre des cancers de l'Etat américain de Géorgie et des données 1988-1998 d'un organisme environnemental, cette étude montre une association entre la présence, à proximité des habitations, de sites industriels libérant du benzène et une augmentation de l'incidence des lymphomes non hodgkiniens

Residence proximity to benzene release sites is associated with increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Bulka, Catherine ; Nastoupil, Loretta J. ; McClellan, William ; Ambinder, Alexander ; Phillips, Adrienne ; Ward, Kevin ; Bayakly, A. Rana ; Switchenko, Jeffrey M. ; Waller, Lance ; Flowers, Christopher R.

BACKGROUND : An increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been observed among individuals with occupational exposure to benzene, but the risk among those living near benzene release sites has not been well described. METHODS : To investigate the spatial patterns of NHL incidence and the association between NHL incidence and distance to benzene release sites, the authors linked and geocoded data on benzene release sites in Georgia from 1988 to 1998 using the Environmental Protection [...]

Menée à partir d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 491 patientes atteintes d'un lymphome non hodgkinien à cellules B et sur 491 témoins, cette étude prospective de cohorte analyse l'association entre une infection par le virus d'Epstein-Barr et le risque de développer la maladie

Investigation of Epstein-Barr Virus as a Potential Cause of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Prospective Cohort

De Roos, Anneclaire J. ; Martinez-Maza, Otoniel ; Jerome, Keith R. ; Mirick, Dana K. ; Kopecky, Kenneth J ; Madeleine, Margaret M. ; Magpantay, Larry ; Edlefsen, Kerstin L. ; LaCroix, Andrea Z.

Background : We hypothesized that poor control of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, leading to reactivation of the virus, increases the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in the general population of primarily immunocompetent persons. Methods : We conducted a case-control study nested within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study cohort in which we measured antibodies to EBV antigens (IgG to viral capsid antigen [VCA], nuclear antigen [EBNA1], and early antigen [EA-D]) and EBV DNA [...]

Menée à partir des données du système de santé des anciens combattants américains portant sur 36 891 patients atteints de rectocolite hémorragique (durée médiane de suivi : 6,7 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de thiopurines pour traiter la maladie et le risque de lymphome (23 cas sur 4 734 patients utilisant les thiopurines ou ayant arrêté de les utiliser)

Risk of Lymphoma in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Thiopurines—a Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

Khan, Nabeel ; Abbas, Ali M. ; Lichtenstein, Gary R. ; Loftus, Edward V. ; Bazzano, Lydia A.

Background & Aims : There is controversy over whether treatment of patients ulcerative colitis (UC) with thiopurines increases their risk of lymphoma. We evaluated the risk of lymphoma (ongoing, residual, and per year of therapy) among thiopurine-treated patients with UC. Methods : We obtained nationwide data from the Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system, from 2001 through 2011. We performed a retrospective cohort study, analyzing data from 36,891 patients with UC from their date of [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en janvier 2012 (20 études observationnelles), cette méta-analyse analyse l'évolution de l'association entre une hystérectomie et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

Has the association between hysterectomy and ovarian cancer changed over time? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jordan, Susan J. ; Nagle, Christina M. ; Coory, Michael D. ; Maresco, Diane ; Protani, Melinda M. ; Pandeya, Neha A. ; Balasubramaniam, Kanchana D. ; Webb, Penelope M.

Until recently most studies suggested that hysterectomy with ovarian conservation was associated with a decreased risk of ovarian cancer. However, several recent studies have reported modestly increased risks of ovarian cancer following hysterectomy. Given that as many as 35% of women will have a hysterectomy, the nature of the association requires clarification. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature on the relationship between hysterectomy and ovarian [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 1950 et 2012 (7 études de cohorte et 6 études cas-témoins), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'hystérectomie et le risque de cancer du rein

Hysterectomy and kidney cancer risk : A meta-analysis

Karami, Sara ; Daugherty, Sarah E. ; Purdue, Mark P.

Recent cohort findings suggest that women who underwent a hysterectomy have an elevated relative risk of kidney cancer, although evidence from past studies has been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published cohort and case–control studies to summarize the epidemiologic evidence investigating hysterectomy and kidney cancer. Studies published from 1950 through 2012 were identified through a search of PubMed and of references from relevant publications. [...]

Menée sur 61 patients atteints d'un cancer gastrique, 216 patients atteints d'une dyspepsie et 179 témoins, cette étude finlandaise met en évidence une association entre un polymorphisme du gène de l'interleukine 6 et le risque d'un cancer gastrique de type diffus

Interleukin 6 gene polymorphism -174 is associated with the diffuse type gastric carcinoma

Pohjanen, Vesa-Matti ; Koivurova, Olli-Pekka ; Mäkinen, Johanna M. ; Karhukorpi, Jari M. ; Joensuu, Tapio ; Koistinen, Pentti O. ; Valtonen, Jarno M. ; Niemelä, Seppo E. ; Karttunen, Riitta A. ; Karttunen, Tuomo J.

The aim of this study was to assess the significance of the interleukin 6 gene polymorphism -174 in gastric cancer risk. The interleukin 6 -174 G/C (rs1800795) gene polymorphisms was analyzed in gastric cancer, peptic ulcer, and nonulcer dyspepsia patients and in healthy control subjects and the data were correlated with the histopathological features of the patients' biopsies. The interleukin 6 -174 GG and GC genotypes have been previously associated with high interleukin 6 serum levels. We [...]

A partir des données d'une étude d'association sur le génome entier incluant 1 006 patients atteints d'un cancer gastrique et 2 273 témoins et à partir des données d'une étude indépendante incluant 1 681 cas et 1 705 témoins, cette étude chinoise montre une association entre des variants génétiques du chromosome 5p15 et le risque de cancer précoce de l'estomac

Genetic variants at 5p15 are associated with risk and early-onset of gastric cancer in Chinese populations

Du, Jiangbo ; Xu, Yaochu ; Dai, Juncheng ; Ren, Chuanli ; Zhu, Chen ; Dai, Ningbin ; Ma, Hongxia ; Shi, Yongyong ; Hu, Zhibin ; Lin, Dongxin ; Shen, Hongbing ; Jin, Guangfu

Genetic variants at 5p15 have been associated with multiple cancers risk, suggesting a pleiotropic effect locus for cancer. We hypothesized that genetic variants at 5p15 are important in the development of gastric cancer. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the associations of genetic variants at 5p15 with gastric cancer based on our existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset of gastric cancer (1,006 cases and 2,273 controls), and replicated two promising loci in an independent [...]

Menée à partir des données d'études suisses et italiennes conduites sur la période 1991-2009 et incluant plus de 12 000 cas et 11 000 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre la survenue d'un type de cancer chez des parents au premier degré et le risque de développer un autre type de cancer

Family history of cancer and the risk of cancer: a network of case–control studies

Turati, F. ; Edefonti, V. ; Bosetti, C. ; Ferraroni, M. ; Malvezzi, M. ; Franceschi, S. ; Talamini, R. ; Montella, M. ; Levi, F. ; Dal Maso, L. ; Serraino, D. ; Polesel, J. ; Negri, E. ; Decarli, A. ; La Vecchia, C.

Background : The risk of many cancers is higher in subjects with a family history (FH) of cancer at a concordant site. However, few studies investigated FH of cancer at discordant sites. Patients and methods : This study is based on a network of Italian and Swiss case–control studies on 13 cancer sites conducted between 1991 and 2009, and including more than 12 000 cases and 11 000 controls. We collected information on history of any cancer in first degree relatives, and age at diagnosis. Odds [...]

Menée sur la base de données "Cancer Genome-wide Association and Meta Analyses", cette étude évalue l'intérêt de deux approches (études d'association sur le génome entier et études sur des gènes candidats) pour identifier des gènes associés à un risque de cancer

A systematic review of cancer GWAS and candidate gene meta-analyses reveals limited overlap but similar effect sizes

Chang, Christine Q. ; Yesupriya, Ajay ; Rowell, Jessica L. ; Pimentel, Camilla B. ; Clyne, Melinda ; Gwinn, Marta ; Khoury, Muin J. ; Wulf, Anja ; Schully, Sheri D.

Candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) represent two complementary approaches to uncovering genetic contributions to common diseases. We systematically reviewed the contributions of these approaches to our knowledge of genetic associations with cancer risk by analyzing the data in the Cancer Genome-wide Association and Meta Analyses database (Cancer GAMAdb). The database catalogs studies published since January 1, 2000, by study and cancer type. In all, we found that [...]

Menée à partir des données de cinq études incluant au total 4 638 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et 3 594 témoins d'origine européenne, cette étude montre une association entre deux polymorphismes fonctionnels du gène du cytochrome P450 2B6 et un risque accru de développer la maladie

CYP2B6*6 is associated with increased breast cancer risk

Justenhoven, Christina ; Pentimalli, Daniela ; Rabstein, Sylvia ; Harth, Volker ; Lotz, Anne ; Pesch, Beate ; Brüning, Thomas ; Dörk, Thilo ; Schürmann, Peter ; Bogdanova, Natalia ; Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won ; Couch, Fergus J. ; Olson, Janet E. ; Fasching, Peter A. ; Beckmann, Matthias W. ; Häberle, Lothar ; Ekici, Arif ; Hall, Per ; Czene, Kamilla ; Liu, Janjun ; Li, Jingmei ; Baisch, Christian ; Hamann, Ute ; Ko, Yon-Dschun ; Brauch, Hiltrud

The cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) is involved in the metabolism of testosterone. Functional changes in this enzyme may influence endogenous hormone exposure, which has been associated with risk of breast cancer. To assess potential associations between two functional polymorphisms CYP2B6_516_G>T (rs3745274) and CYP2B6_785_A>G (rs2279343) and breast cancer risk, we established a specific matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry assay. The GENICA breast cancer [...]

Menée sur 3 332 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et 3 620 témoins, cette étude multicentrique coréenne analyse, en fonction de l'année de naissance des participantes, l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs et le risque de cancer du sein défini par le statut des récepteurs hormonaux

Association between chronological change of reproductive factors and breast cancer risk defined by hormone receptor status: results from the Seoul Breast Cancer Study

Chung, Seokang ; Park, SueK ; Sung, Hyuna ; Song, Nan ; Han, Wonshik ; Noh, Dong-Young ; Ahn, Sei-Hyun ; Yoo, Keun-Young ; Choi, Ji-Yeob ; Kang, Daehee

Lifestyle factors have been chronologically changed into western style ones, which could result in the rapid increase of breast cancer incidence in Korea. It is plausible that reproductive factors through hormonal mechanisms are differentially related to the risk of breast cancer subtypes. We investigated the association of reproductive risk factors on breast cancer by birth year groups and also evaluated the differential associations on the hormone receptor-defined subtypes. Using the data [...]