A partir des données 1986-2007 du registre des certificats de naissance et du registre californien des cancers portant sur 10 476 enfants atteints d'un cancer et sur 207 568 témoins (âge : 0 à 5 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition aux ultraviolets solaires durant la grossesse et le risque de cancer chez l'enfant

Solar UV radiation and cancer in young children

Lombardi, Christina A. ; Heck, Julia E. ; Cockburn, Myles ; Ritz, Beate

Background: Studies have shown that higher UV radiation exposure (UVR) may be related to lower risk of some cancers in adults. Recently an ecological study reported lower risks of some cancers among children living in higher UVR cities and countries. In a large population-based case-control study in California we tested the hypothesis that specific childhood cancers may be influenced by UVR. Methods: Cancers in children ages 0 to 5 years were identified from California Cancer Registry records [...]

Menée auprès de 262 détenus (35 % de femmes), cet essai américain évalue l'efficacité d'une intervention comportant un entretien de motivation et une thérapie comportementale et cognitive pour réduire le risque de récidive tabagique après une abstinence forcée en milieu carcéral

Forced smoking abstinence: Not enough for smoking cessation

Clarke Jg, Stein L. R. Martin R. A. ; et al.,

Importance  Millions of Americans are forced to quit smoking as they enter tobacco-free prisons and jails, but most return to smoking within days of release. Interventions are needed to sustain tobacco abstinence after release from incarceration.Objective  To evaluate the extent to which the WISE intervention (Working Inside for Smoking Elimination), based on motivational interviewing (MI) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), decreases relapse to smoking after release from a smoke-free [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 334 850 femmes âgées de 35 à 70 ans et incluses dans la cohorte EPIC (durée de suivi : 11,5 ans), cette étude évalue, en fonction du statut ménopausique et du statut des récepteurs hormonaux, l'association entre la consommation de lignanes et de flavonoïdes d'origine alimentaire et le risque de cancer du sein

Dietary flavonoid and lignan intake and breast cancer risk according to menopause and hormone receptor status in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study

Zamora-Ros, R. ; Ferrari, P. ; Gonzalez, C. A. ; Tjonneland, A. ; Olsen, A. ; Bredsdorff, L. ; Overvad, K. ; Touillaud, M. ; Perquier, F. ; Fagherazzi, G. ; Lukanova, A. ; Tikk, K. ; Aleksandrova, K. ; Boeing, H. ; Trichopoulou, A. ; Trichopoulos, D. ; Dilis, V. ; Masala, G. ; Sieri, S. ; Mattiello, A. ; Tumino, R. ; Ricceri, F. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. ; Peeters, P. H. ; Weiderpass, E. ; Skeie, G. ; Engeset, D. ; Menendez, V. ; Travier, N. ; Molina-Montes, E. ; Amiano, P. ; Chirlaque, M. D. ; Barricarte, A. ; Wallstrom, P. ; Sonestedt, E. ; Sund, M. ; Landberg, R. ; Khaw, K. T. ; Wareham, N. J. ; Travis, R. C. ; Scalbert, A. ; Ward, H. A. ; Riboli, E. ; Romieu, I.

Evidence on the association between dietary flavonoids and lignans and breast cancer (BC) risk is inconclusive, with the possible exception of isoflavones in Asian countries. Therefore, we investigated prospectively dietary total and subclasses of flavonoid and lignan intake and BC risk according to menopause and hormonal receptor status in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The study included 334,850 women, mostly aged between 35 and 70 years from [...]

Menée sur des rats, cette étude montre que l'effet chimiopréventif de la tributyrine (un promédicament dérivé de l'acide butyrique) sur l'hépatocarcinogenèse est lié à l'acétylation de la protéine nucléaire p53 et à l'activation de la voie de signalisation p53 impliquée dans le processus d'apoptose

The chemopreventive activity of the butyric acid prodrug tributyrin in experimental rat hepatocarcinogenesis is associated with p53 acetylation and activation of the p53 apoptotic signaling pathway

de Conti, Aline ; Tryndyak, Volodymyr ; Koturbash, Igor ; Heidor, Renato ; Kuroiwa-Trzmielina, Joice ; Ong, Thomas Prates ; Beland, Frederick A. ; Moreno, Fernando Salvador ; Pogribny, Igor P.

The reversibility of non-genotoxic phenotypic alterations has been explored in order to develop novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for cancer control. Previously, it has been demonstrated that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor tributyrin, a butyric acid prodrug, to have chemopreventive effects on rat hepatocarcinogenesis. The goal of the present study was to determine molecular mechanisms associated with the chemopreventive activity of tributyrin. Male Wistar rats were allocated [...]

Menée sur des cellules de carcinome rhinopharyngé et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude analyse le rôle préventif et curatif du 3,3'- di-indolylméthane, une substance végétale présente dans les crucifères

In vivo and in vitro study on the role of 3, 3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) in treatment and prevention of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Chen, Chen ; Chen, Shi-Ming ; Xu, Bin ; Chen, Zhe ; Wang, Fei ; Ren, Jie ; Xu, Yong ; Wang, Yan ; Xiao, Bo-Kui ; Tao, Ze-Zhang

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is characterized by insidious progression and atypical early symptoms, and mostly diagnosed in middle or late stages. The long-term prognosis is not very good after conventional radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and the therapy often has strong toxic effects on normal tissue and organs. There were in-vitro and in-vivo pre-clinical evidences to support chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive effect of 3, 3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), which was a natural compound extracted [...]

Mené au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur 10 497 fumeurs, cet essai évalue l'effet d'une augmentation du nombre d'autorisations de mise sur le marché de traitements substitutifs nicotiniques sur l'utilisation de ce type de traitement pour réduire la consommation de tabac et/ou cesser temporairement de fumer

Was the Expansion of the Marketing License for Nicotine Replacement Therapy in the United Kingdom to Include Smoking Reduction Associated With Changes in Use and Incidence of Quit Attempts?

Beard, Emma ; Bruguera, Carla ; Brown, Jamie ; McNeill, Ann ; West, Robert

Background: In December 2009 and January 2010, the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency expanded the marketing license for a number of nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) to include smoking reduction without an intention to stop completely. This study examined whether this was associated with a change in incidence of use of NRT for harm reduction (i.e., smoking reduction and/or temporary abstinence) and in smoking cessation activity.Methods: Data were taken from 10,497 [...]

Menée sur 570 femmes saines porteuses d'une mutation sur le gène BRCA1 ou BRCA2 (durée de suivi : 2 037 personnes-années), cette étude prospective montre qu'une mastectomie bilatérale prophylactique réduit de manière substantielle le risque de cancer du sein, par rapport à une surveillance gynécologique, et améliore la survie

Substantial breast cancer risk reduction and potential survival benefit after bilateral mastectomy when compared with surveillance in healthy BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: a prospective analysis

Heemskerk-Gerritsen, B. A. M. ; Menke-Pluijmers, M. B. E. ; Jager, A. ; Tilanus-Linthorst, M. M. A. ; Koppert, L. B. ; Obdeijn, I. M. A. ; van Deurzen, C. H. M. ; Collée, J. M. ; Seynaeve, C. ; Hooning, M. J.

Background To prospectively assess the efficacy of bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy (BRRM) when compared with surveillance on breast cancer (BC) risk and mortality in healthy BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.Patients and methods Five hundred and seventy healthy female mutation carriers (405 BRCA1, 165 BRCA2) were selected from the institutional Family Cancer Clinic database. Eventually, 156 BRCA1 and 56 BRCA2 mutation carriers underwent BRRM. The effect of BRRM versus surveillance was [...]