Menée à partir de données portant sur l'incidence du cancer colorectal en Colombie, cette étude estime la part des cancers évitables, sur la période 2016-2050, liée à une baisse progressive de 10% de la consommation d'alcool et de tabac, de la sédentarité et de l'obésité

Theoretical reduction of the incidence of colorectal cancer in Colombia from reduction in the population exposure to tobacco, alcohol, excess weight and sedentary lifestyle: a modelling study

de Vries, Esther ; Torres, Miguel Zamir ; Rojas, Martha Patricia ; Díaz, Gustavo ; Herrán, Oscar Fernando

Aims: To determine the potential impact fraction of alcohol and tobacco consumption, high body mass index and low physical activity on colorectal cancer burden in Colombia for the period 2016–2050. Methods: Based on age-specific and sex-specific data on colorectal cancer incidence, data from population-based surveys for the exposure data and population projections, the macrosimulation model Prevent V.3.01 was used to model expected colorectal cancer incidence for the period 2016–2050. Baseline [...]

Menée au Canada et aux Etats-Unis entre 2016 et 2017 auprès de 151 femmes (âge médian : 56 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet de la prise de connaissance d'un risque de cancer du sein, révélé par un score de risque polygénique (basé sur 77 loci de susceptibilité), sur leur intention de recourir à un traitement hormonal préventif

Impact of Personalized Genetic Breast Cancer Risk Estimation With Polygenic Risk Scores on Preventive Endocrine Therapy Intention and Uptake

Kim, Julian O. ; Schaid, Daniel J. ; Vachon, Celine M. ; Cooke, Andrew ; Couch, Fergus J. ; Kim, Christina A. ; Sinnwell, Jason P ; Hasadsri, Linda ; Stan, Daniela L. ; Goldenberg, Benjamin A ; Neal, Lonzetta ; Grenier, Debjani ; Degnim, Amy C. ; Thicke, Lori A. ; Pruthi, Sandhya

Endocrine therapy (ET) is underutilized to reduce breast cancer (BC) incidence among women at increased risk. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) assessing 77 BC genetic susceptibility loci personalizes risk estimates. We examined effect of personalized PRS BC risk prediction on intention to take and ET uptake among women recruited from BC clinics. Eligible participants had a 10-year BC risk >5% by Tyrer-Cuzick model (International Breast Cancer Intervention Study [IBIS]) or >3.0 % 5-year Gail [...]

Menée en Chine à partir des données d'une étude portant sur 63 257 personnes âgées de 45 à 74 ans (durée moyenne de suivi : 17,6 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre des scores évaluant la qualité de l'alimentation et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire (561 cas)

Quality Diet Indexes and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study

Luu, Hung N. ; Neelakantan, Nithya ; Geng, Ting-ting ; Wang, Renwei ; Bee, George Goh Boon ; Clemente, Jose C. ; Jin, Aizhen ; van Dam, Rob M ; Jia, Wei ; Behari, Jaideep ; Koh, Woon-Puay ; Yuan, Jian-Min

There is limited research on the effect of dietary quality on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in populations with relatively high risk of HCC. Using data from Singapore Chinese Health Study, a prospective cohort study, of 63,257 Chinese aged 45-74, we assessed four diet-quality index (DQI) scores: the Alternative Health Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Heathy Diet Indicator (HDI). We identified 561 [...]

Menée à l'aide de données de 3 études américaines portant sur 423 495 personnes, cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation quotidienne d'aspirine et le risque de cancer de la prostate, du sein, de l'endomètre, de l'ovaire ou de cancer colorectal, en fonction de plusieurs facteurs de risque (âge, tabagisme, indice de masse corporelle, sédentarité ou antécédents familiaux)

Associations between daily aspirin use and cancer risk across strata of major cancer risk factors in two large U.S. cohorts

Hurwitz, Lauren M. ; Michels, Kara A. ; Cook, Michael B. ; Pfeiffer, Ruth M. ; Trabert, Britton

Purpose: Daily aspirin use has been shown to reduce risk of colorectal, and possibly other, cancers, but it is unknown if these benefits are consistent across subgroups of people with differing cancer risk factors. We investigated whether age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, physical inactivity, and family history of cancer modify the effect of daily aspirin use on colorectal, ovarian, breast, endometrial and aggressive prostate cancer risk. Methods: We pooled 423,495 individuals from [...]

Menée en Australie par enquête auprès de 725 femmes à risque de cancer du sein et auprès de 221 professionnels de santé, cette étude analyse les facteurs entravant ou facilitant l'utilisation d'une chimioprévention

Breast Cancer Chemoprevention: Use and Views of Australian Women and their Clinicians

Macdonald, Courtney ; Saunders, Christobel M ; Keogh, Louise A ; Hunter, Morgan ; Mazza, Danielle ; McLachlan, Sue-Anne ; Jones, Sandra C ; Nesci, Stephanie ; Friedlander, Michael ; Hopper, John L. ; Emery, Jon D. ; Hickey, Martha ; Milne, Roger L ; Phillips, Kelly-Anne

Guidelines endorse the use of chemoprevention for breast cancer risk reduction. This study examined the barriers and facilitators to chemoprevention use for Australian women at increased risk of breast cancer, and their clinicians. Surveys, based on the Theoretical Domains Framework, were mailed to 1,113 women at ≥16% lifetime risk of breast cancer who were enrolled in the Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer cohort study (kConFab), and their 524 [...]

Menée à partir de données de l'Assurance maladie coréenne portant sur 922 patients atteints d'un cholangiocarcinome et sur 4 610 témoins (âge : au moins 40 ans ; 61 % d'hommes), cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation d'aspirine sur une durée de 4 ans (2002-2006) et le risque de développer la maladie

Association Between Aspirin and Cholangiocarcinoma in a Large Asian Cohort

Kim, Min-Hyung ; Park, Sang Min ; Chang, Jooyoung ; Hwang, In Cheol

A few observational studies have investigated aspirin as a potential chemopreventive agent for cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs), but the evidence is still limited. Petrick et al analyzed US-based cohorts, but medication information was based on self-report. Choi et al and Altaii et al analyzed US hospital-based case-control data, but duration and dose information was limited. A meta-analysis reported a pooled odds ratio of 0.56 (95% CI, 0.32-0.96), but the interpretability is limited because of the [...]

Menée à Londres en 2018 dans 14 établissements scolaires pilotes, cette étude analyse l'intérêt, du point de vue du nombre de formulaires retournés et de l'adoption du vaccin, d'un formulaire électronique de consentement des parents concernant la vaccination anti-HPV de leurs enfants et auquel les infirmiers scolaires peuvent accéder pour orienter le programme de prévention

Does electronic consent improve the logistics and uptake of HPV vaccination in adolescent girls? A mixed-methods theory informed evaluation of a pilot intervention

Chantler, Tracey ; Pringle, Ellen ; Bell, Sadie ; Cooper, Rosie ; Edmundson, Emily ; Nielsen, Heidi ; Roberts, Sheila ; Edelstein, Michael ; Mounier-Jack, Sandra

Objectives: To evaluate the usability and acceptability of an electronic consent pilot intervention for school-based immunisations and assess its impact on consent form returns and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine uptake. Design: Mixed-methods theory-informed study applying qualitative methods to examine the usability and acceptability of the intervention and quantitative methods to assess its impact. Setting and participants: The intervention was piloted in 14 secondary schools in seven [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre janvier 1980 et février 2020 (14 articles), cette étude analyse l'efficacité des interventions de réduction du tabagisme passif des enfants

A mixed-methods systematic review and synthesis of secondary care interventions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure among children and young people

Ferris, Erica ; Cummins, Carole ; Chiswell, Christopher ; Jones, Laura L

Childhood secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) is linked with increased morbidity and mortality. Hospital or secondary care contact presents a ‘teachable moment’ to support parents to change their home smoking behaviours to reduce children’s SHSe. This mixed-methods review explores: (1) if existing interventions in this context are effective, (2) if they are reported in sufficient detail to be replicated, (3) the experiences of HCPs delivering such interventions, and (4) the experiences of parents [...]