Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir d'une enquête réalisée sur la période 2011-2012 auprès de 1 374 adultes fumeurs de cigarettes, puis en 2014 auprès de 695 d'entre eux, cette étude analyse la relation entre l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique, la motivation pour arrêter de fumer et le taux de sevrage tabagique

A Longitudinal Study of Electronic Cigarette Use in a Population-based Sample of Adult Smokers: Association with Smoking Cessation and Motivation to Quit

Biener, Lois ; Hargraves, J. Lee

Aims : Increasingly popular electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may be the most promising development yet to end cigarette smoking. However, there is sparse evidence that their use promotes cessation. We investigated whether e-cigarette use increases smoking cessation and/or has a deleterious effect on quitting smoking and motivation to quit. Methods : Representative samples of adults in two U.S. metropolitan areas were surveyed in 2011/2012 about their use of novel tobacco products. In 2014, [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données d'une étude incluant 162 022 participants d'origines ethniques diverses (durée de suivi : 18 ans), cette étude met en évidence une association entre la consommation de café et une réduction du risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire et de décès par maladie chronique hépatique

Association of Coffee Intake with Reduced Incidence of Liver Cancer and Death from Chronic Liver Disease in the US Multiethnic Cohort

Wendy Setiawan, Veronica ; Wilkens, Lynne R. ; Lu, Shelly C. ; Hernandez, Brenda Y. ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Henderson, Brian E.

Background& Aims : Coffee consumption has been proposed to reduce risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver disease (CLD), but few data are available from prospective, US, multi-ethnic populations. We evaluated the association of coffee intake with HCC and CLD in 162,022 African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latinos, and whites in the US Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). Methods : We collected data from the MEC, a population-based prospective cohort study of more than [...]

Menée à partir d'échantillons sériques prélevés sur 29 046 puis 22 805 hommes (durée de suivi : 24 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre les niveaux de l'alpha-

Association of serum [alpha]-tocopherol, [beta]-carotene, and retinol with liver cancer incidence and chronic liver disease mortality

Lai, G. Y. ; Weinstein, S. J. ; Albanes, D. ; Taylor, P. R. ; Virtamo, J. ; McGlynn, K. A. ; Freedman, N. D.

Background : Micronutrients may influence the development or progression of liver cancer and liver disease. We evaluated the association of serum

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 96 196 femmes ménopausées de la cohorte "Women's Health Initiative" (durée maximum de suivi : 20 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de micronutriments antioxydants d'origine alimentaire (carotènes alpha et bêta, lycopène, vitamine c, ...) et le risque de carcinome à cellules rénales

Antioxidant micronutrients and the risk of renal cell carcinoma in the Women's Health Initiative cohort

Ho, Won Jin ; Simon, Michael S. ; Yildiz, Vedat O. ; Shikany, James M. ; Kato, Ikuko ; Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer L. ; Cetnar, Jeremy P. ; Bock, Cathryn H.

BACKGROUND : Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the eighth leading cancer among women in incidence and commonly is diagnosed at a more advanced stage. Oxidative stress has been considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of RCC. Various dietary micronutrients have antioxidant properties, including carotenoids and vitamins C and E; thus, diets rich in these nutrients have been evaluated in relation to RCC prevention. The objective of this study was to explore the correlation between [...]

Menée à partir d'un questionnaire auprès d'une cohorte de 120 852 participants (durée de suivi : 20,3 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation totale de fruits et de légumes et le risque de différents sous-types de cancer de la tête et du cou

Consumption of vegetables and fruits and risk of subtypes of head–neck cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study

Maasland, Denise H. E. ; van den Brandt, Piet A. ; Kremer, Bernd ; Goldbohm, R. Alexandra ; Schouten, Leo J.

There is limited prospective data on the relationship between consumption of vegetables and fruits and the risk of head–neck cancer (HNC) subtypes [i.e., oral cavity cancer (OCC), oro-/hypopharyngeal cancer (OHPC) and laryngeal cancer (LC)]. Therefore, we investigated these associations within the Netherlands Cohort Study, in which 120,852 participants completed a 150-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline in 1986. After 20.3 years of follow-up, 415 cases of HNC (131 OCC, 88 OHPC, three [...]

Menée sur des cellules mononucléées humaines du sang périphérique, cette étude évalue l'intérêt de composés phénoliques extraits de l'huile d'olive pour prévenir les dommages causés à l'ADN par des époxydes issus de l'oxydation des alcènes

Preventive Activity of Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds on Alkene Epoxides Induced Oxidative DNA Damage on Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Fuccelli, Raffaela ; Sepporta, Maria Vittoria ; Rosignoli, Patrizia ; Morozzi, Guido ; Servili, Maurizio ; Fabiani, Roberto

The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of epoxides of styrene (styrene-7,8-oxide; SO) and 1,3-butadiene (3,4-epoxy-1-butene; 1,2:3,4:-diepoxybutane) to cause oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and whether a complex mixture of olive oil phenols (OOPE) could prevent these effects. The DNA damage was measured by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE; comet assay). We found that the DNA damage induced by alkene epoxides [...]

Mené sur 341 fumeurs (au moins 20 cigarettes fumées par jour), cet essai évalue, du point de vue du taux d'abstinence tabagique à 12 semaines, l'intérêt d'ajouter un traitement substitutif nicotinique par patch à la varénicline

Combining varenicline and nicotine patches: a randomized controlled trial study in smoking cessation

Ramon, J. M. ; Morchon, S. ; Baena, A. ; Masuet-Aumatell, C.

Background : Some smokers may benefit from a therapy that combines different nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) or drugs with different mechanisms of action.The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of the combined therapy of varenicline and nicotine patches versus varenicline monotherapy. Methods : Three hundred forty-one smokers who smoked 20 or more cigarettes per day were recruited from a smoking cessation clinic between February 2012 and June 2013. The participants were [...]

Menée à partir des données 1998-2010 des registres américains des cancers portant sur 449 178 femmes atteintes d'un carcinome canalaire ou lobulaire unilatéral du sein de stade I à III traité par mastectomie, cette étude met en évidence un biais de sélection pouvant expliquer l'association observée entre mastectomie controlatérale prophylactique et réduction de la mortalité

Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy and its association with reduced mortality: evidence for selection bias

Jatoi, Ismail ; Parsons, HelenM

Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) refers to removal of the opposite uninvolved breast in women with unilateral breast cancer, and rates are increasing worldwide. In observational studies, CPM is often associated with reductions in breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality when compared to unilateral surgical treatment alone, but this may reflect selection of a healthier cohort for CPM (selection bias). To further explore this possibility, we examined the association between CPM [...]