Menée au Canada, au Mexique et en Australie à partir des données de trois vagues d'enquête en ligne auprès de 9 000 participants au total, cette étude évalue l'association entre la présence, sur les paquets de cigarettes, d'informations relatives aux services en ligne d'aide au sevrage tabagique et le recours auto-rapporté à ces services

Promoting cessation resources through cigarette package warning labels: a longitudinal survey with adult smokers in Canada, Australia and Mexico

Thrasher, James F ; Osman, Amira ; Moodie, Crawford ; Hammond, David ; Bansal-Travers, Maansi ; Cummings, K Michael ; Borland, Ron ; Yong, Hua-Hie ; Hardin, James

Introduction : Health warning labels (HWLs) on tobacco packaging can be used to provide smoking cessation information, but the impact of this information is not well understood. Methods : Online consumer panels of adult smokers from Canada, Australia and Mexico were surveyed in September 2012, January 2013 and May 2013; replenishment was used to maintain sample sizes of 1000 participants in each country at each wave. Country-stratified logistic Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) models were [...]

Menée à partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en août 2013 (16 études de cohorte, 833 234 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la quantité de fruits et de légumes consommés et le risque de décès toutes causes confondues, par maladie cardiovasculaire ou par cancer

Fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Wang, Xia ; Ouyang, Yingying ; Liu, Jun ; Zhu, Minmin ; Zhao, Gang ; Bao, Wei ; Hu, Frank B

Objective : To examine and quantify the potential dose-response relation between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Data sources : Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library searched up to 30 August 2013 without language restrictions. Reference lists of retrieved articles. Study selection : Prospective cohort studies that reported risk estimates for all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality by levels of fruit and vegetable [...]

Menée sur 331 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal et sur 662 témoins (durée médiane de suivi jusqu'au diagnostic : 10,8 ans), cette étude suédoise montre une association entre un faible niveau plasmatique de folate et une réduction du risque de cancer colorectal

Low Folate Levels are Associated with Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a Population with Low Folate Status

Gylling, Björn ; Van Guelpen, Bethany ; Schneede, Jörn ; Hultdin, Johan ; Ueland, Per Magne ; Hallmans, Göran ; Johansson, Ingegerd ; Palmqvist, Richard

Background : A diet rich in folate is associated with a reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, whereas the role of circulating levels is less clear. The aim of this study was to relate prediagnostic plasma folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations to the risk of CRC. Methods : This was a prospective case-control study of 331 cases and 662 matched controls nested within the population-based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Median follow-up time from recruitment to diagnosis was [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir d'entretiens auprès de 1 179 adolescents d'origine mexicaine, cette étude évalue la performance d'un modèle, développé à partir de données socio-démographiques, pour prédire le risque d'expérimentation tabagique

A risk prediction model for smoking experimentation in mexican american youth

Talluri, Rajesh ; Wilkinson, Anna V. ; Spitz, Margaret R. ; Shete, Sanjay

Background : Smoking experimentation in Mexican American youth is problematic. In light of the research showing that preventing smoking experimentation is a valid strategy for smoking prevention, there is a need to identify Mexican American youth at high risk for experimentation. Methods : A prospective population-based cohort of 1179 adolescents of Mexican descent was followed for 5 years starting in 2005-06. Participants completed a baseline interview at a home visit followed by three [...]

Cet article analyse les controverses concernant le rôle des nanotechnologies dans la prévention des cancers

Convergence of Nanotechnology and Cancer Prevention: Are We There Yet?

Menter, David G ; Patterson, Sherri L. ; Logsdon, Craig D. ; Kopetz, Scott ; Sood, Anil ; Hawk, Ernest T.

Nanotechnology is emerging as a promising modality for cancer treatment; how-ever, in the realm of cancer prevention, its full utility has yet to be determined. Here, we discuss the potential of integrating nanotechnology in cancer prevention to augment early diagnosis, precision targeting and controlled release of chemopreventive agents, reduced toxicity, risk/response assessment, and personalized point-of-care monitoring. Cancer is a multistep, progressive disease; the functional and acquired [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données d'une enquête nationale portant au total sur 11 399 fumeurs âgés de 20 ans ou plus, cette étude évalue l'évolution de la consommation de nicotine au cours des 25 dernières années

Variation in Nicotine Intake in U.S. Cigarette Smokers Over the Past 25 Years: Evidence From NHANES Surveys

Jarvis, Martin J. ; Giovino, Gary A. ; O’Connor, Richard J. ; Kozlowski, Lynn T. ; Bernert, John T.

Objective : To estimate changes in nicotine intakes in cigarette smokers in the United States from 1988 to 2012 using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods : NHANES provides data on nationally representative samples of cigarette smokers from the civilian noninstitutionalized U.S. population. A total of 4,304 smokers aged 20 and above were studied in NHANES III 1988–1994 and 7,095 in the continuous NHANES 1999–2012. We examined serum cotinine concentrations, [...]

Menée en Nouvelle-Zélande à partir de questionnaires auprès de 357 fumeurs, cette étude montre qu'un modèle mathématique, incorporant notamment des données démographiques et le nombre de cigarettes consommées quotidiennement par les participants, peut prédire l'effet d'une augmentation de la taxe d'accise sur le comportement tabagique

Predicting decreases in smoking with a cigarette purchase task: evidence from an excise tax rise in New Zealand

Grace, Randolph C ; Kivell, Bronwyn M ; Laugesen, Murray

Background : Tobacco excise taxes are known to be effective in reducing smoking at the population level, but less research has examined how individual smokers respond to changes in tax policy. We ask whether price elasticities for individual smokers, derived from simulated demand curves obtained with a cigarette purchase task (CPT), can predict changes in smoking after a tax increase. Method : Smokers (N=357) were recruited from four New Zealand cities and interviewed before and after a 10% [...]