Menée à partir d'entretiens auprès de 13 hommes fumeurs d'origine chinoise ou vietnamienne et auprès d'un membre de leur famille vivant sous le même toit (âge : 18 ans ou plus), cette étude américaine analyse leurs connaissances et leur utilisation des traitements nicotiniques substitutifs et des traitements non pharmacologiques pour arrêter de fumer

Understanding and Use of Nicotine Replacement Therapy and Nonpharmacologic Smoking Cessation Strategies Among Chinese and Vietnamese Smokers and Their Families

Tsang, Icarus K. ; Tsoh, Janice Y. ; Wong, Ching ; Le, Khanh ; Cheng, Joyce W. ; Nguyen, Anthony N.

Introduction : Population-based studies have reported high rates of smoking prevalence among Chinese and Vietnamese American men. Although nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective, recommended, and accessible without prescription, these populations underuse NRT for smoking cessation. The aim of this study was to assess understanding and use of NRT and nonpharmacologic treatments among Chinese and Vietnamese American male smokers and their families. Methods : In-depth qualitative [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de deux cohortes comportant au total 160 041 femmes, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation totale de divers liquides et le risque de cancer de la vessie

Fluid intake and risk of bladder cancer in the Nurses' Health Studies

Zhou, Jiachen ; Kelsey, Karl T. ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Michaud, Dominique S.

Increase in fluid intake may reduce bladder cancer risk by decreasing the contact time between carcinogens in urine and bladder epithelium. However, this association has not been examined in a large cohort of women. The association between total fluid intake and bladder cancer risk in two large prospective women's cohorts with 427 incident bladder cancer cases was examined. Detailed information on total fluid intake was collected by repeated food frequency questionnaires over time. [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin, cette étude identifie, via l'analyse de l'expression de gènes impliqués dans la régulation du cycle cellulaire, la signalisation du gène p-53, l'angiogenèse ou les voies de signalisation Wnt, des mécanismes moléculaires associés aux effets chimiopréventifs de l'acide folique et de la tributyrine, combinés ou non, sur la carcinogenèse du foie

Transcriptomic responses provide a new mechanistic basis for the chemopreventive effects of folic acid and tributyrin in rat liver carcinogenesis

Guariento, Aline H. ; Furtado, Kelly S. ; de Conti, Aline ; Campos, Adriana ; Purgatto, Eduardo ; Carrilho, Jéssica ; Shinohara, Elvira Maria Guerra ; Tryndyak, Volodymyr ; Han, Tao ; Fuscoe, James C. ; Ross, Sharon A. ; Beland, Frederick A. ; Pogribny, Igor P. ; Moreno, Fernando S.

The steady increase in the incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) signifies a crucial need to understand better its pathogenesis to improve clinical management and prevention of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate molecular mechanisms for the chemopreventive effects of folic acid and tributyrin alone or in combination on rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Male Wistar rats were subjected to a classic “resistant hepatocyte” model of liver carcinogenesis and treated [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études précliniques concernant l'efficacité d'un triterpénoïde de synthèse dérivé de l'oléanane (le CDDO-Me) dans la chimioprévention et le traitement des cancers, puis présente les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués

Preclinical evidences toward the use of triterpenoid CDDO-Me for solid cancer prevention and treatment

Wang, Yan-Yang ; Zhe, Hong ; Zhao, Ren

Solid cancer remains a major cause of death in the world. As limited treatment options are currently available to patients with solid cancer, novel preventive control and effective therapeutic approaches are considered to be reasonable and decisive measures to combat this disease. The plant-derived triterpenoids, commonly used for medicinal purposes in many Asian countries, poses various pharmacological properties. A large number of triterpenoids exhibit cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer [...]

Menée à partir d'enquêtes britanniques en ligne conduites en 2012 et en 2013 auprès de 12 436 et et 12 171 adultes, cette étude évalue la proportion de personnes utilisant le narguilé ainsi que la fréquence d'utilisation, puis identifie les facteurs socio-démographiques associés

The Prevalence of Waterpipe (Shisha, Narghille, Hookah) Use Among Adults in Great Britain, and Factors Associated With Waterpipe Use: Data From Cross-sectional Online Surveys in 2012 and 2013

Grant, Aimee ; Morrison, Rory ; Dockrell, Martin J.

Introduction : To assess the prevalence and frequency of waterpipe smoking among adults (aged 18+ years) in Great Britain (GB), and determine demographic factors associated with use. Method : Cross-sectional representative population surveys conducted online in 2012 and 2013. A total of 12,436 adults in 2012 and 12,171 in 2013 were recruited from a commercial online survey panel. Results and Conclusions : The prevalence of “ever” use of waterpipe across both survey years combined was 11.6% (95% [...]

A partir des données d'un registre international des cancers portant sur 5 783 femmes porteuses d'une mutation BRCA1 ou BRCA2, cette étude analyse l'impact d'une ovariectomie prophylactique sur l'incidence de cancer et sur leur survie à cinq ans

Impact of Oophorectomy on Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Women With a BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutation

Finch, Amy P.M. ; Lubinski, Jan ; Møller, Pål ; Singer, Christian F. ; Karlan, Beth ; Senter, Leigha ; Rosen, Barry ; Maehle, Lovise ; Ghadirian, Parviz ; Cybulski, Cezary ; Huzarski, Tomasz ; Eisen, Andrea ; Foulkes, William D. ; Kim-Sing, Charmaine ; Ainsworth, Peter ; Tung, Nadine ; Lynch, Henry T. ; Neuhausen, Susan ; Metcalfe, Kelly A. ; Thompson, Islay ; Murphy, Joan ; Sun, Ping ; Narod, Steven A.

Purpose : The purposes of this study were to estimate the reduction in risk of ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation after oophorectomy, by age of oophorectomy; to estimate the impact of prophylactic oophorectomy on all-cause mortality; and to estimate 5-year survival associated with clinically detected ovarian, occult, and peritoneal cancers diagnosed in the cohort. Patients and Methods : Women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation were identified from [...]

Menée à partir d'une enquête en ligne auprès de 2 612 écoliers âgés de 10 à 11 ans, cette étude néerlandaise identifie les facteurs expliquant les différences d'intention en matière de tabagisme entre les enfants appartenant à un niveau socio-économique élevé et les enfants défavorisés

Explaining socio-economic differences in intention to smoke among primary school children

Cremers, Henricus-Paul ; Oenema, Anke ; Mercken, Liesbeth ; Candel, Math ; Vries, Hein

Background : Smoking prevalence is higher among low socio-economic status (LSES) groups, and this difference may originate from a higher intention to smoke in childhood. This study aims to identify factors that explain differences in intention to smoke between children living in high socio-economic status (HSES) and LSES neighbourhoods. Methods : Cross-sectional data were derived from the baseline assessment of a smoking prevention intervention study. Dutch primary school children, aged 10 - 11 [...]