A partir de 4 enquêtes annuelles auprès de 1 820 participants néerlandais âgés de 15 ans ou plus et à l'aide d'une modélisation mathématique, cette étude identifie les différents facteurs permettant d'expliquer l'effet d'une législation antitabac sur le comportement tabagique individuel et la cessation de fumer

Pathways of Change Explaining the Effect of Smoke-Free Legislation on Smoking Cessation in the Netherlands. An Application of the International Tobacco Control Conceptual Model

Nagelhout, Gera E. ; de Vries, Hein ; Fong, Geoffrey T. ; Candel, Math J. J. M. ; Thrasher, James F. ; van den Putte, Bas ; Thompson, Mary E. ; Cummings, K. Michael ; Willemsen, Marc C.

Introduction: This study aims to test the pathways of change from individual exposure to smoke-free legislation on smoking cessation, as hypothesized in the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Conceptual Model.Methods: A nationally representative sample of Dutch smokers aged 15 years and older was surveyed during 4 consecutive annual surveys. Of the 1,820 baseline smokers, 1,012 participated in the fourth survey. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to test a model of the effects of [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir d'un questionnaire auprès de 2 664 participants, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'effet de la consommation de quercétine, une phytosubstance de type flavonoïde, sur le risque de cancer du côlon proximal

Association of Dietary Quercetin With Reduced Risk of Proximal Colon Cancer

Djuric, Zora ; Severson, Richard K. ; Kato, Ikuko

Quercetin is a flavonol that appears to be protective against several cancers, but its possible role in prevention of colorectal cancer is not yet well studied. We evaluated dietary intakes of quercetin and risk of colorectal cancer in a large case-control study conducted in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan (N = 2664). The protective effects of quercetin intake, as assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, were confined to risk of proximal colon cancer. Stratified analyses showed that the [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 62 284 participantes ménopausées d'origine espagnole, italienne ou grecque (durée moyenne de suivi : 9 ans), cette étude prospective, couplée à l'étude EPIC, évalue l'association entre la consommation d'huile d'olive et le risque de cancer du sein

Olive oil intake and breast cancer risk in the Mediterranean countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study

Buckland, Genevieve ; Travier, Noemie ; Agudo, Antonio ; Fonseca-Nunes, Ana ; Navarro, Carmen ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Demetriou, Christiana ; Amiano, Pilar ; Dorronsoro, Miren ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Huerta, José-María ; Molina, Esther ; Pérez, Maria-José Sánchez ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Moreno-Iribas, Conchi ; Quirós, J. Ramón ; Naska, Androniki ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Giurdanella, Maria Concetta ; Tumino, Rosario ; Agnoli, Claudia ; Grioni, Sara ; Panico, Salvatore ; Mattiello, Amalia ; Masala, Giovanna ; Sacerdote, Carlotta ; Polidoro, Silvia ; Palli, Domenico ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; González, Carlos A.

Although there is some evidence suggesting that olive oil could reduce breast cancer (BC) risk, the epidemiological data are still relatively limited, not entirely consistent and mainly based on case–control studies. Therefore, we prospectively assessed the association between olive oil and BC risk in postmenopausal women from the Mediterranean cohorts within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. The analysis included 62,284 postmenopausal women recruited from Spain, [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études récentes concernant le rôle de l'aspirine dans la prévention des cancers, ses avantages en usage prophylactique par rapport aux autres anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et ses possibles mécanismes d'action

The role of aspirin in cancer prevention

Thun, Michael J. ; Jacobs, Eric J. ; Patrono, Carlo

Clinical guidelines for prophylactic aspirin use currently only consider the cardiovascular benefits of aspirin, weighed against the potential harm from aspirin-induced bleeding. Daily aspirin use has been convincingly shown to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and recurrence of adenomatous polyps, but in average-risk populations, these benefits alone do not outweigh harms from aspirin-induced bleeding. Recently published secondary analyses of cardiovascular trials provide the first [...]

Menée sur 398 patientes chinoises atteintes d'un cancer primitif du poumon et sur 814 témoins, cette étude singapourienne évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'aspirine ou d'autres anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de cancer du poumon

Aspirin and non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and risk of lung cancer

Lim, Wei-Yen ; Chuah, Khoon Leong ; Eng, Philip ; Leong, Swan Swan ; Lim, Elaine ; Lim, Tow Keang ; Ng, Alan ; Poh, Wee Teng ; Tee, Augustine ; Teh, Ming ; Salim, Agus ; Seow, Adeline

There is evidence that aspirin and non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) have anti-carcinogenic properties, but their effect on lung cancer, in particular in never-smokers, is unclear. Information on past or current use of anti-inflammatory medication was obtained in 398 Chinese female primary lung cancer cases and 814 controls in a hospital-based study in Singapore. 65% of cases and 88% of controls were never-smokers. Controls were excluded if they had been admitted for [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires humaines de cancer du sein et sur des colonocytes murins, cette étude montre que des composés phénoliques du sorgho, une plante herbacée d'origine africaine, peuvent posséder des propriétés œstrogènes et induire l'apoptose de colonocytes

Sorghum Phenolics Demonstrate Estrogenic Action and Induce Apoptosis in Nonmalignant Colonocytes

Yang, Liyi ; Allred, Kimberly F. ; Geera, Bhimalingeswarappa ; Allred, Clinton D. ; Awika, Joseph M.

Evidence indicates sorghum may be protective against colon cancer; however, the mechanisms are unknown. Estrogen is believed to protect against colon cancer development by inducing apoptosis in damaged nonmalignant colonocytes. Three sorghum extracts (white, red, and black) were screened for estrogenic activity using cell models expressing estrogen receptor α (ER-α; MCF-7 breast cancer cells) and ? [ER-?; nonmalignant young adult mouse colonocytes (YAMC)]. Black and white sorghum extracts had [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'une xénogreffe, cette étude évalue les effets chimiopréventifs de la myricétine, une phytosubstance de la famille des flavonols, sur la carcinogenèse de la vessie

Potential Anticancer Activity of Myricetin in Human T24 Bladder Cancer Cells Both In Vitro and In Vivo

Sun, F. ; Zheng, X. Y. ; Ye, J. ; Wu, T. T. ; Wang, J. L. ; Chen, W.

Myricetin, a naturally occurring phytochemical, has potent anticancer-promoting activity and contributes to the chemopreventive potential of several foods. In this preliminary study, we evaluate the chemopreventive potential of myricetin against bladder cancer and its mechanism of action. The results of a MTT assay showed that myricetin was able to inhibit the viability and proliferation of T24 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It also promoted cell cycle arrest at G2/M in a [...]