A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en décembre 2018 (10 études prospectives ; 3 381 345 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue, en fonction du sexe, l'association entre le statut tabagique et le risque de cancer gastrique

Smoking status and subsequent gastric cancer risk in men compared with women: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies

Li, Wen-Ya ; Han, Yunan ; Xu, Hui-mian ; Wang, Zhen-ning ; Xu, Ying-ying ; Song, Yong-xi ; Xu, Hao ; Yin, Song-Cheng ; Liu, Xing-Yu ; Miao, Zhi-Feng

Background : Smoking is one of the well-established risk factors for gastric cancer incidence, yet whether men are more or equally susceptible to gastric cancer due to smoking compared with women is a matter of controversy. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of sex on gastric cancer risk associated with smoking. Methods : We conducted a systemic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane CENTRAL databases to identify studies published from inception to [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 1997 et 2018 (31 études), cette étude analyse l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire, par sous-types histologiques

Association between cigarette smoking and histotype-specific epithelial ovarian cancer: a review of epidemiologic studies

Zhou, Aili ; Minlikeeva, Albina N. ; Khan, Sadat ; Moysich, Kirsten B.

Many studies have demonstrated that smoking can influence ovarian cancer risk and survival; however, the number of studies investigating this relationship according to histological subtypes is limited. We conducted a review of epidemiologic research that assessed the role of smoking on ovarian cancer risk and survival after diagnosis, specifically capturing studies that discerned between various histological subtypes of this disease. In the majority of studies, current smoking was associated [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 47 568 hommes présentant un risque de cancer de la prostate, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer létal de la prostate

Alcohol Intake and Risk of Lethal Prostate Cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study

Downer, Mary K. ; Kenfield, Stacey A. ; Stampfer, Meir J. ; Wilson, Kathryn M. ; Dickerman, Barbra A. ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Rimm, Eric B. ; Wang, Molin ; Mucci, Lorelei A. ; Willett, Walter C. ; Chan, June M. ; Van Blarigan, Erin L.

PURPOSE : It is unknown whether alcohol intake is associated with the risk of lethal (metastatic or fatal) prostate cancer. We examine (1) whether alcohol intake among men at risk of prostate cancer is associated with diagnosis of lethal prostate cancer and (2) whether intake among men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer is associated with metastasis or death. METHODS : This prospective cohort study uses the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986 to 2012). Our analysis of alcohol intake [...]

Menée en Suède à l'aide d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 19 775 femmes et 8 783 hommes (durée moyenne de suivi : 13 à 14 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre les niveaux sériques de folates et de vitamine B12 et le risque de cancer de la prostate (703 cas) ou du sein (795 cas)

Baseline serum folate, vitamin B12 and the risk of prostate and breast cancer using data from the Swedish AMORIS cohort

Essén, Anneli ; Santaolalla, Aida ; Garmo, Hans ; Hammar, Niklas ; Walldius, Goran ; Jungner, Ingmar ; Malmstrom, Hakan ; Holmberg, Lars ; Van Hemelrijck, Mieke

Purpose : The roles of folate and vitamin B12 in prostate cancer (PCa) or breast cancer (BC) development are unclear. We investigated their roles using the prospective Swedish Apolipoprotein MOrtality RISk (AMORIS) study. Methods : 8,783 men and 19,775 women with vitamin B12 and folate serum measurements were included. Their associations with PCa and BC risk categories were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results : During mean follow-up of 13 years, 703 men developed PCa. [...]

Menée à partir des données d'une étude américaine impliquant 617 119 personnes âgées de 50 à 71 ans (durée médiane de suivi : 13,4 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le potentiel inflammatoire du régime alimentaire et le cancer du pancréas (2 824 cas) en fonction de facteurs liés au mode de vie

Inflammatory potential of diet, inflammation-related lifestyle factors and risk of pancreatic cancer: Results from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Zheng, Jiali ; Wirth, Michael D ; Merchant, Anwar T ; Zhang, Jiajia ; Shivappa, Nitin ; Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z ; Hebert, James R. ; Steck, Susan E

Background : Chronic inflammation is implicated in pancreatic cancer, and can be modulated by diet and other lifestyle factors. We examined the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) scores and pancreatic cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, and examined effect modification by inflammation-related lifestyle factors including body mass index, cigarette smoking, diabetes, alcohol drinking, and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Methods : Energy-adjusted DII [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par questionnaire auprès de 46 816 personnes travaillant dans des usines de transformation de volailles, cette étude analyse l'association entre une exposition à des virus oncogènes et le risque de cancer du foie

A Case-Cohort Study to Investigate the Excess of Liver Cancer Observed in Workers in Poultry Slaughtering and Processing Plants

Faramawi, Mohammed F. ; Johnson, Eric S.

This is a case-cohort study to examine whether the excess of liver cancer deaths observed in workers in poultry plants could be explained by oncogenic viruses and chemical carcinogenic exposures within the plants. A detailed telephone questionnaire was administered, and responses were analyzed by logistic regression. Odds ratios for several indicators of high exposure to oncogenic viruses or chemical carcinogens in poultry plants and related industries were elevated, but not statistically [...]

Menée au Canada auprès de 906 témoins et de 496 femmes âgées de 18 à 79 ans et atteintes d'un cancer épithélial de l'ovaire, cette étude analyse l'association entre le travail posté et le risque de développer la maladie

Shift Work Patterns, Chronotype, and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk

Leung, Lisa ; Grundy, Anne ; Siemiatycki, Jack ; Arseneau, Jocelyne ; Gilbert, Lucy ; Gotlieb, Walter H. ; Provencher, Diane M. ; Aronson, Kristan J. ; Koushik, Anita

Background : Shift work causing circadian disruption is classified as a “probable carcinogen” and may contribute to the pathogenesis of hormone-sensitive cancers. This study investigated shift work exposure in relation to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk. Methods : In a population-based case–control study with 496 EOC cases and 906 controls, lifetime occupational histories were collected and used to calculate cumulative years of shift work exposure, average number of night shifts per month, [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par questionnaire entre 1993 et 1996 auprès de 57 589 femmes âgées de 45 à 75 ans (durée moyenne de suivi : 14,7 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une exposition à des polluants atmosphériques et le risque de cancer du sein

Association between ambient air pollution and breast cancer risk: The multiethnic cohort study

Cheng, Iona ; Tseng, Chiuchen ; Wu, Jun ; Yang, Juan ; Conroy, Shannon M. ; Shariff-Marco, Salma ; Li, Lianfa ; Hertz, Andrew ; Gomez, Scarlett Lin ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Whittemore, Alice S. ; Stram, Daniel O. ; Ritz, Beate ; Wu, Anna H.

Previous studies using different exposure methods to assess air pollution and breast cancer risk among primarily whites have been inconclusive. Air pollutant exposures of particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen were estimated by kriging (NOx, NO2, PM10, PM2.5), land use regression (LUR, NOx, NO2) and California Line Source Dispersion model (CALINE4, NOx, PM2.5) for 57,589 females from the Multiethnic Cohort, residing largely in Los Angeles County from recruitment (1993–1996) through 2010. Cox [...]

Menée au Brésil à l'aide de 8 échantillons biopsiques et de données portant sur 590 femmes atteintes d'un cancer du col de l'utérus, cette étude analyse le rôle oncogène du papillomavirus humain HPV73

HPV73 a nonvaccine type causes cervical cancer

Amaro-Filho, Sergio M. ; Gradissimo, Ana ; Usyk, Mykhaylo ; Moreira, Fabio C.B. ; de Almeida, Liz M. ; Moreira, Miguel A.M. ; Burk, Robert D.

HPV73 is classified as possibly oncogenic. It is neither routinely evaluated in HPV screening, nor covered by any of the prophylactic vaccines. We sought to investigate the carcinogenic characteristics of HPV73. Molecular studies were performed on eight cervix cancer biopsy specimens containing HPV73 from a cross-sectional cancer cohort of 590 women referred to the National Cancer Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Transcriptional activity of HPV73 was evaluated by detection of spliced [...]

Menée en Allemagne auprès de 730 patients traités pour un carcinome épidermoïde de l'oropharynx, cette étude analyse l'association entre le papillomavirus humain et le risque de développer la maladie puis compare ces données au niveau régional, national et international

Increasing incidence rates of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in Germany and significance of disease burden attributed to human papillomavirus

Wittekindt, Claus ; Wagner, Steffen ; Bushnak, Ayman ; Prigge, Elena-Sophie ; von Knebel Doeberitz, Magnus ; Wuerdemann, Nora ; Bernhardt, Katharina ; Pons-Kuhnemann, Jorn ; Maulbecker-Armstrong, Catharina ; Klussmann, Jens Peter

Increasing incidences of head and neck cancers and rising proportions of these associated with human papilloma virus (HPV), especially in the oropharynx, have been reported in international studies. So far, the trends and contribution of HPV to the number of newly diagnosed cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) in Germany are uncertain. We investigated HPV association and incidence rates in a cohort of consecutively included patients with OPSCC in Giessen 2000-2017, and [...]

Menée au Danemark, en Finlande et en Suède auprès des hommes âgés d'au moins 35 ans sur la période 1995-2014, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'utilisation du finastéride (médicament anti-androgène) et le cancer du sein chez l'homme (1 005 cas)

Finasteride Use and Risk of Male Breast Cancer: A Case–Control Study Using Individual-Level Registry Data from Denmark, Finland, and Sweden

Kjærulff, Thora M. ; Ersbøll, Annette K. ; Green, Anders ; Emneus, Martha ; Brasso, Klaus ; Iversen, Peter ; Pukkala, Eero ; Bolin, Kristian ; Thygesen, Lau C.

Background : In case reports, concerns have been raised as to whether finasteride use increases the risk of male breast cancer. Previous epidemiologic evidence on the potential link is conflicting. This study aimed to assess whether an association between finasteride use and male breast cancer exists after accounting for potential confounders. Methods : The source population consisted of all men (≥35 years) from Denmark (1995–2014), Finland (1997–2013), and Sweden (2005–2014). Cases with [...]

Menée au Danemark à partir des données du registre national des patients portant sur 9 003 personnes présentant au moins une anomalie chromosomique, cette étude analyse l'association entre onze anomalies chromosomiques et le risque de développer certaines comorbidités, dont certains cancers

Comorbidity landscape of the Danish patient population affected by chromosome abnormalities

Jørgensen, Isabella Friis ; Russo, Francesco ; Jensen, Anders Boeck ; Westergaard, David ; Lademann, Mette ; Hu, Jessica Xin ; Brunak, Søren ; Belling, Kirstine

Purpose : Most chromosome abnormality patients require long-term clinical care. Awareness of mosaicism and comorbidities can potentially guide such health care. Here we present a population-wide analysis of direct and inverse comorbidities affecting patients with chromosome abnormalities. Methods : We extracted direct and inverse comorbidities for the 11 most prevalent chromosome abnormalities from the Danish National Patient Registry (covering 6.9 million patients hospitalized between 1994 and [...]

Menée au Japon à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données portant sur 32 949 personnes âgées de 40 à 69 ans (durée médiane de suivi : 15,9 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre 29 variants de susceptibilité au diabète de type 2 et le risque de cancer par localisation (3 750 cas)

Diabetes and cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study

Goto, Atsushi ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Sawada, Norie ; Momozawa, Yukihide ; Kamatani, Yoichiro ; Kubo, Michiaki ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Inoue, Manami ; Noda, Mitsuhiko ; Tsugane, Shoichiro ; Iwasaki, Motoki

Earlier cohort studies using conventional regression models have consistently shown an increased cancer risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, reverse causality and residual confounding due to common risk factors could exist, and it remains unclear whether diabetes per se contributes to cancer development. Mendelian randomization analyses might clarify the true association between diabetes and cancer risk. We conducted a case–cohort study with 10,536 subcohort subjects and 3,541 [...]

Menée en Finlande à l'aide des génotypes de 3 156 femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein, de 556 femmes atteintes d'un cancer de l'ovaire, de 261 personnes porteuses de la mutation BRCA et de 2 089 témoins, cette étude évalue la prévalence de 12 mutations associées à un risque modéré de développer la maladie

Recurrent moderate-risk mutations in Finnish breast and ovarian cancer patients

Nurmi, Anna ; Muranen, Taru A. ; Pelttari, Liisa M. ; Kiiski, Johanna I. ; Heikkinen, Tuomas ; Lehto, Sini ; Kallioniemi, Anne ; Schleutker, Johanna ; Butzow, Ralf ; Blomqvist, Carl ; Aittomaki, Kristiina ; Nevanlinna, Heli

Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes predispose to breast and ovarian cancer (BC/OC) with a high lifetime risk, whereas mutations in PALB2, CHEK2, ATM, FANCM, RAD51C and RAD51D genes cause a moderately elevated risk. In the Finnish population, recurrent mutations have been identified in all of these genes, the latest being CHEK2 c.319+2T>A and c.444+1G>A. By genotyping 3,156 cases and 2,089 controls, we estimated the frequencies of CHEK2 c.319+2T>A and c.444+1G>A in Finnish BC patients. CHEK2 [...]

Cet article passe en revue les résultats d'études d'association sur le génome entier concernant le cancer de l'endomètre

Genome-wide association studies of endometrial cancer: Latest developments and future directions

O'Mara, Tracy A ; Glubb, Dylan M ; Kho, Pik Fang ; Thompson, Deborah J ; Spurdle, Amanda B

Endometrial cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer of the female reproductive tract in developed countries, has a heritable component. To date, sixteen genetic risk regions have been robustly discovered by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of endometrial cancer. Post-GWAS analyses including expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and laboratory-based functional studies have been successful in identifying genes and pathways involved in endometrial carcinogenesis. Mendelian [...]

A partir de données d'études d'association sur le génome entier portant sur 3 363 témoins et 3 568 personnes atteintes d'un cancer du pancréas, cette étude analyse l'effet de variants génétiques sur la possibilité de transmission héréditaire de la maladie

Analysis of heritability and genetic architecture of Pancreatic Cancer: A PanC4 Study

Chen, Fei ; Childs, Erica J. ; Mocci, Evelina ; Bracci, Paige M. ; Gallinger, steven ; Li, Donghui ; Neale, Rachel E. ; Olson, Sara H. ; Scelo, Ghislaine ; Bamlet, William R. ; Blackford, Amanda L. ; Borges, Michael ; Brennan, Paul ; Chaffee, Kari G. ; Duggal, Priya ; Hassam, Manal M ; Holly, Elizabeth A. ; Hung, Rayjean J. ; Goggins, Michael G. ; Kurtz, Robert C. ; Oberg, Ann L. ; Orlow, Irene ; Yu, Herbert ; Petersen, Gloria M. ; Risch, Harvey ; Klein, Alison P.

Background : Pancreatic cancer is the fourth-leading cause of cancer death in both men and women in the United States. Identified common susceptibility loci account for a small fraction of estimated heritability. We sought to estimate overall heritability of pancreatic cancer and partition the heritability by variant frequencies and functional annotations. Methods : Analysis using the genome-based restricted maximum likelihood method (GREML) was conducted on Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control [...]

Menée à partir d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 2 480 témoins et 190 personnes atteintes d'un cancer du poumon, cette étude analyse l'association entre les niveaux plasmatiques des biomarqueurs de l'activation plaquettaire et de la coagulation (sP-sélectine et fibrinogène) et le risque de développer la maladie

Plasma Fibrinogen and sP-Selectin are associated with the risk of lung cancer in a prospective study

Grafetstätter, Mirja ; Hüsing, Anika ; González Maldonado, Sandra ; Sookthai, Disorn ; Johnson, Theron S ; Pletsch-Borba, Laura ; Katzke, Verena ; Hoffmeister, Michael ; Bugert, Peter ; Kaaks, Rudolf ; Kuehn, Tilman

Background : While enhanced platelet activation and a procoagulant state may drive lung cancer progression and metastases, less is known about their role in earlier phases of cancer development. Thus, we evaluated whether pre-diagnostic biomarkers of platelet activation and coagulation are related to the risk of lung cancer in the prospective EPIC-Heidelberg Study using a case-cohort design. Methods : Levels of fibrinogen, soluble glycoprotein (sGP) IIb/IIIa, soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), [...]

Menée auprès de 6 295 témoins et de 3 636 personnes atteintes d'un cancer du poumon, cette étude d'association sur le génome entier analyse la relation entre le risque de cancer du poumon et une variation génétique dans la région 5P15.33 TERT-CLPTM1L chez les non-fumeurs d'ascendance européenne n'ayant jamais fumé

Lung Cancer Risk in Never Smokers of European Descent is Associated with Genetic Variation in the 5P15.33 TERT-CLPTM1L Region

Hung, Rayjean J. ; Spitz, Margaret R. ; Houlston, Richard S. ; Schwartz, Ann G. ; Field, John K. ; Ying, Jun ; Li, Yafang ; Han, Younghun ; Ji, Xuemei ; Chen, Wei ; Wu, Xifeng ; Gorlov, Ivan P. ; Na, Jie ; de Andrade, Mariza ; Liu, Geoffrey ; Brhane, Yonathan ; Diao, Nancy ; Wenzlaff, Angela ; Davies, Michael P. A. ; Liloglou, Triantafillos ; Timofeeva, Maria ; Muley, Thomas ; Rennert, Hedy ; Saliba, Walid ; Ryan, Bríd M. ; Bowman, Elise ; Barros-Dios, Juan-Miguel ; Perez-Rios, Monica ; Morgenstern, Hal ; Zienolddiny, Shanbeh ; Skaug, Vidar ; Ugolini, Donatella ; Bonassi, Stefano ; van der Heijden, Erik H. F. M. ; Tardon, Adonina ; Bojesen, Stig E. ; Landi, Maria Teresa ; Johansson, Mattias ; Bickeböller, Heike ; Arnold, Susanne ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Melander, Olle ; Andrew, Angeline ; Grankvist, Kjell ; Caporaso, Neil ; Teare, M. Dawn ; Schabath, Matthew B. ; Aldrich, Melinda C. ; Kiemeney, Lambertus A. ; Wichmann, H. Erich ; Lazarus, Philip ; Mayordomo, Jose ; Neri, Monica ; Haugen, Aage ; Zhang, Zuo-Feng ; Ruano-Ravina, Alberto ; Brenner, Hermann ; Harris, Curtis C. ; Orlow, Irene ; Rennert, Gadi ; Risch, Angela ; Brennan, Paul ; Christiani, David C. ; Amos, Christopher I. ; Yang, Ping ; Gorlova, Olga Y.

Introduction : Inherited susceptibility to lung cancer risk in never smokers is poorly understood. The major reason for this gap in knowledge is that this disease is relatively uncommon (except in Asians), making it difficult to assemble an adequate study sample. In this study we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on the largest, to date, set of European-descent never smokers with lung cancer. Methods : We conducted a two-phase (discovery and replication) GWAS in never smokers of [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC portant sur 3 057 personnes atteintes d'un cancer de la prostate et sur 3 057 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre le niveau plasmatique de 119 métabolites mesuré avant le diagnostic et le risque de développer la maladie

Patterns in metabolite profile are associated with risk of more aggressive prostate cancer: A prospective study of 3,057 matched case–control sets from EPIC

Schmidt, Julie A. ; Fensom, Georgina K. ; Rinaldi, Sabina ; Scalbert, Augustin ; Appleby, Paul N. ; Achaintre, David ; Gicquiau, Audrey ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Ferrari, Pietro ; Kaaks, Rudolf ; Kühn, Tilman ; Boeing, Heiner ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Karakatsani, Anna ; Peppa, Eleni ; Palli, Domenico ; Sieri, Sabina ; Tumino, Rosario ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas ; Agudo, Antonio ; Sánchez, María-José ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Larranaga, Nerea ; Perez-Cornago, Aurora ; Assi, Nada ; Riboli, Elio ; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. ; Key, Timothy J. ; Travis, Ruth C.

Metabolomics may reveal novel insights into the etiology of prostate cancer, for which few risk factors are established. We investigated the association between patterns in baseline plasma metabolite profile and subsequent prostate cancer risk, using data from 3,057 matched case–control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We measured 119 metabolite concentrations in plasma samples, collected on average 9.4 years before diagnosis, by mass [...]

Menée en Suède et au Danemark auprès de 3 689 témoins et de 854 personnes atteintes d'un gliome diagnostiqué avant l'âge de 29 ans, cette étude identifie 3 variants génétiques du locus 9p21.3 associés au risque de développer la maladie

Genetic Variants in the 9p21.3 Locus Associated with Glioma Risk in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: a Case-control Study

Dahlin, Anna M ; Wibom, Carl ; Andersson, Ulrika ; Hougaard, David M ; Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas ; Deltour, Isabelle ; Hultman, Christina M ; Kähler, Anna K ; Karlsson, Robert ; Hjalmars, Ulf ; Melin, Beatrice

Background : Genome-wide association studies have identified germline genetic variants in 25 genetic loci that increase the risk of developing glioma in adulthood. It is not known if these variants increase the risk of developing glioma in children, adolescents and young adults (AYA). To date, no studies have performed genome-wide analyses to find novel genetic variants associated with glioma risk in children and AYA. Methods : We investigated the association between 8,831,628 genetic variants [...]