A nanovaccine for antigen self-presentation and immunosuppression reversal as a personalized cancer immunotherapy strategy

Menée in vitro et à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude met en évidence les effets antitumoraux d'un nanovaccin dérivé de cellules dendritiques infectées par un adénovirus recombinant et exprimant à leur surface un complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité de classe I spécifique d'un peptide antigénique, un anticorps anti-PD1 et des molécules B7

Résumé en anglais

The strategy of combining a vaccine with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been widely investigated in cancer management, but the complete response rate for this strategy is still unresolved. We describe a genetically engineered cell membrane nanovesicle that integrates antigen self-presentation and immunosuppression reversal (ASPIRE) for cancer immunotherapy. The ASPIRE nanovaccine is derived from recombinant adenovirus-infected dendritic cells in which specific peptide-major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHC-I), anti-PD1 antibody and B7 co-stimulatory molecules are simultaneously anchored by a programmed process. ASPIRE can markedly improve antigen delivery to lymphoid organs and generate broad-spectrum T-cell responses that eliminate established tumours. This work presents a powerful vaccine formula that can directly activate both native T cells and exhausted T cells, and suggests a general strategy for personalized cancer immunotherapy.