Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données d'enquêtes portant sur 4 229 adultes (âge moyen : 54,3-56,5 ans), cette étude analyse, en fonction du lieu de résidence (zone rurale ou urbaine), les facteurs associés à une utilisation de la cigarette électronique, la nocivité perçue et les comportements en matière de recherche d'information sur la santé

Rural-urban differences e-cigarette ever use, the perception of harm, and e-cigarette information seeking behaviors among U.S. adults in a nationally representative study

Lewis-Thames, Marquita W. ; Langston, Marvin E. ; Fuzzell, Lindsay ; Khan, Saira ; Moore, Justin X. ; Han, Yunan

Adults living in rural areas, compared to their urban counterparts, are at an increased risk of using tobacco-related products and mortality due to tobacco-related diseases. The harms and benefits of e-cigarette use are mixed, and similarly obscure messaging about these harms and benefits have a critical influence on e-cigarette uptake and perceptions. However, little is known about rural-urban differences in the prevalence of adult e-cigarette daily usage. Using the Health Information National [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis en 2017 et 2018 par enquêtes auprès de 10 802 adultes, cette étude compare leurs perceptions des dangers de la cigarette électronique et de la cigarette classique

Perceived Comparative Harm of Cigarettes and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems

Nyman, Amy L. ; Huang, Jidong ; Weaver, Scott R. ; Eriksen, Michael P.

Scientific evidence on the health risks associated with using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is rapidly evolving. Perceived harm of ENDS is also changing rapidly. The percentage of US adults, including current smokers, who perceive using ENDS as equally or more harmful than smoking cigarettes increased between 2012 and 2015, with rates stable through 2017. Comparative harm perceptions are important factors associated with smokers’ decisions to use ENDS and have implications for [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en juillet 2019 (20 études ; 18 102 cas), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre les taux sanguins en acides gras polyinsaturés n-3 (AGPI n-3) et le risque de cancer colorectal

Intake or blood levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

Kim, Youngyo ; Kim, Jeongseon

Background : Previous results of the association between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and colorectal cancer were inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Methods : The PubMed and Embase databases were searched through July 10, 2019, followed by a manual search. A random-effects model was used. Results : Twenty prospective studies including 18,102 cases and 1,360,046 participants were included. The pooled RR of colorectal cancer for the [...]

Menée à l'aide des données d'une étude chinoise portant sur 300 000 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein (âge : 30-79 ans) et à l'aide d'une méta-analyse, cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation de soja et le risque de développer la maladie

Soy intake and breast cancer risk: a prospective study of 300,000 Chinese women and a dose–response meta-analysis

Wei, Yuxia ; Lv, Jun ; Guo, Yu ; Bian, Zheng ; Gao, Meng ; Du, Huaidong ; Yang, Ling ; Chen, Yiping ; Zhang, Xi ; Wang, Tao ; Chen, Junshi ; Chen, Zhengming ; Yu, Canqing ; Huo, Dezheng ; Li, Liming ; Chen , Zhengming ; Clarke, Robert ; Collins, Rory ; Li , Liming ; Peto, Richard ; Walters, Robin ; Avery, Daniel ; Boxall, Ruth ; Bennett, Derrick ; Chang, Yumei ; Gilbert, Simon ; Hacker, Alex ; Hill, Mike ; Holmes, Michael ; Iona, Andri ; Kartsonaki, Christiana ; Kerosi, Rene ; Kong, Ling ; Kurmi, Om ; Lancaster, Garry ; Lewington, Sarah ; Lin, Kuang ; McDonnell, John ; Millwood, Iona ; Nie, Qunhua ; Radhakrishnan, Jayakrishnan ; Ryder, Paul ; Sansome, Sam ; Schmidt, Dan ; Sherliker, Paul ; Sohoni, Rajani ; Stevens, Becky ; Turnbull, Iain ; Wang, Jenny ; Wang, Lin ; Wright, Neil ; Yang, Xiaoming ; Han, Xiao ; Hou, Can ; Pei, Pei ; Liu, Chao ; Tan, Yunlong ; Pang, Zengchang ; Gao, Ruqin ; Li, Shanpeng ; Wang, Shaojie ; Liu, Yongmei ; Du, Ranran ; Zang, Yajing ; Cheng, Liang ; Tian, Xiaocao ; Zhang, Hua ; Zhai, Yaoming ; Ning, Feng ; Sun, Xiaohui ; Li, Feifei ; Lv, Silu ; Wang, Junzheng ; Hou, Wei ; Zeng, Mingyuan ; Jiang, Ge ; Zhou, Xue ; Yang, Liqiu ; He, Hui ; Yu, Bo ; Li, Yanjie ; Xu, Qinai ; Kang, Quan ; Guo, Ziyan ; Wang, Dan ; Hu, Ximin ; Chen, Jinyan ; Fu, Yan ; Fu, Zhenwang ; Wang, Xiaohuan ; Weng, Min ; Guo, Zhendong ; Wu, Shukuan ; Li, Yilei ; Li, Huimei ; Fu, Zhifang ; Wu, Ming ; Zhou, Yonglin ; Zhou, Jinyi ; Tao, Ran ; Yang, Jie ; Su, Jian ; Liu, Fang ; Zhang, Jun ; Hu, Yihe ; Lu, Yan ; Ma, Liangcai ; Tang, Aiyu ; Zhang, Shuo ; Jin, Jianrong ; Liu, Jingchao ; Tang, Zhenzhu ; Chen, Naying ; Huang, Ying ; Li, Mingqiang ; Meng, Jinhuai ; Pan, Rong ; Jiang, Qilian ; Lan, Jian ; Liu, Yun ; Wei, Liuping ; Zhou, Liyuan ; Chen, Ningyu ; Wang, Ping ; Meng, Fanwen ; Qin, Yulu ; Wang, Sisi ; Wu, Xianping ; Zhang, Ningmei ; Chen, Xiaofang ; Zhou, Weiwei ; Luo, Guojin ; Li, Jianguo ; Zhong, Xunfu ; Liu, Jiaqiu ; Sun, Qiang ; Ge, Pengfei ; Ren, Xiaolan ; Dong, Caixia ; Zhang, Hui ; Mao, Enke ; Wang, Xiaoping ; Zhang, Ding ; Zhou, Gang ; Feng, Shixian ; Chang, Liang ; Fan, Lei ; Gao, Yulian ; He, Tianyou ; Sun, Huarong ; He, Pan ; Hu, Chen ; Zhang, Xukui ; Wu, Huifang ; Yu, Min ; Hu, Ruying ; Wang, Hao ; Qian, Yijian ; Wang, Chunmei ; Xie, Kaixu ; Chen, Lingli ; Zhang, Yidan ; Pan, Dongxia ; Gu, Qijun ; Huang, Yuelong ; Chen, Biyun ; Yin, Li ; Liu, Huilin ; Fu, Zhongxi ; Xu, Qiaohua ; Xu, Xin ; Zhang, Hao ; Long, Huajun ; Li, Xianzhi ; Zhang, Libo ; Qiu, Zhe ; the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group

Epidemiological evidence on the association of soy intake with breast cancer risk is still inconsistent due to different soy intake levels across previous studies and small number of breast cancer cases. We aimed to investigate this issue by analyzing data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study and conducting a dose–response meta-analysis to integrate existing evidence. The CKB study included over 300,000 women aged 30–79 from 10 regions across China enrolled between 2004 and 2008, and [...]

Menée auprès de 25 871 adultes américains (âge moyen : 67,1 ans ; durée médiane de suivi : 5,3 ans), cette étude évalue l'effet d'une supplémentation quotidienne en acides gras oméga-3 issus de produits marins sur le risque de polypes festonnés (174 cas) et d'adénomes colorectaux (294 cas)

Effect of Supplementation With Marine omega-3 Fatty Acid on Risk of Colorectal Adenomas and Serrated Polyps in the US General Population: A Prespecified Ancillary Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Song, Mingyang ; Lee, I-Min ; Manson, JoAnn E. ; Buring, Julie E. ; Dushkes, Rimma ; Gordon, David ; Walter, Joseph ; Wu, Kana ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Ogino, Shuji ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; for the VITAL Research Group

Marine omega-3 fatty acid has been suggested to protect against colorectal cancer.To assess the effect of daily marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the risk of colorectal cancer precursors, including conventional adenomas and serrated polyps.This study was a prespecified ancillary study of the placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial VITAL (Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial). An intention-to-treat analysis was used to examine the effect of daily marine omega-3 supplements among 25 871 [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en septembre 2018 (20 essais randomisés ; 31 940 patients), cette méta-analyse évalue l'efficacité, l'immunogénicité et les effets indésirables du vaccin contre le papillomavirus humain chez les femmes et les hommes, en fonction du schéma vaccinal (nombre de doses) et du type de vaccin (bivalent, nonavalent ou quadrivalent)

Comparison of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine types and dose schedules for prevention of HPV-related disease in females and males

Bergman, H. ; Buckley, B. S. ; Villanueva, G. ; Petkovic, J. ; Garritty, C. ; Lutje, V. ; Riveros-Balta, A. X. ; Low, N. ; Henschke, N.

Background : Uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine remains low in many countries, although the bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines given as a three-dose schedule are effective in the prevention of precancerous lesions of the cervix in women. Simpler immunisation schedules, such as those with fewer doses, might reduce barriers to vaccination, as may programmes that include males. Objectives : To evaluate the efficacy, immunogenicity, and harms of different dose schedules and different [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en septembre 2019, cette étude présente des recommandations pour prévenir l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes

Protecting Youth From the Risks of Electronic Cigarettes

The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

The rapid increase in e-cigarette use among adolescents and young adults has led to drastic changes in patterns of nicotine consumption worldwide. The use of e-cigarettes, many of which contain high levels of nicotine, is especially harmful in this age group and is associated with increased use of cigarettes and other substances among youth. While the risks of short- and long-term e-cigarette use and secondhand aerosol exposure remain only partially understood, e-cigarettes should not be [...]

Menée à l'aide de données d'enquêtes portant sur 480 815 Australiens âgés d'au moins 14 ans, cette étude analyse l'effet, sur la prévalence du tabagisme, de fortes augmentations des taxes sur le tabac en 2010 et 2013

Smoking prevalence following tobacco tax increases in Australia between 2001 and 2017: an interrupted time-series analysis

Wilkinson, Anna L. ; Scollo, Michelle M. ; Wakefield, Melanie A. ; Spittal, Matthew J. ; Chaloupka, Frank J. ; Durkin, Sarah J.

Background : Building on substantial tobacco control action over the previous decade, Australia increased the taxes on tobacco by 25% without forewarning on April 30, 2010. Australia then became one of a few countries to pre-announce a series of increases in tobacco taxes, with annual 12·5% increases starting from December, 2013. We aimed to examine the effects of both tax increases on smoking prevalence. Methods : By use of survey data from Australians aged 14 years and older in five capital [...]

Menée au Canada auprès de 557 personnes (âge moyen : 64,9 ans ; 72% de femmes), cette étude évalue l'effet, sur la connaissance des stratégies de réduction des risques et les comportements de santé, d'une intervention de prévention diffusant des informations factuelles sur la prévention du cancer via un portail internet pendant 12 semaines

Evaluation of an online knowledge translation intervention to promote cancer risk reduction behaviours: findings from a randomized controlled trial

Neil-Sztramko, Sarah E. ; Belita, Emily ; Levinson, Anthony J. ; Boyko, Jennifer ; Dobbins, Maureen

Background : Many cancers are preventable through lifestyle modification; however, few adults engage in behaviors that are in line with cancer prevention guidelines. This may be partly due to the mixed messages on effective cancer prevention strategies in popular media. The goal of the McMaster Optimal Aging Portal (the Portal) is to increase access to trustworthy health information. The purpose of this study was to explore if and how knowledge translation strategies to disseminate cancer [...]