Menée auprès de 22 781 fumeurs masculins (durée maximale de suivi : 28 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau sérique de vitamine E, l'évolution de ce niveau et le risque à long terme de cancer du poumon (3 184 cas)

A Prospective Study of Serum Vitamin E and 28-Year Risk of Lung Cancer

Huang, Jiaqi ; Weinstein, Stephanie J ; Yu, Kai ; Mannisto, Satu ; Albanes, Demetrius

Background : Epidemiologic data are inconsistent regarding the vitamin E-lung cancer association, and no study has examined serologic changes in vitamin E status in relation to subsequent risk. Methods : In a cohort of 22,781 male smokers in the ATBC Study, we ascertained 3,184 lung cancer cases during up to 28 years of observation. Cox proportional hazards models examined whether higher serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations at baseline, 3 years, or the interval change were associated with [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin, cette étude met en évidence le rôle de la vitamine D dans la suppression de la carcinogenèse précoce de la prostate

Vitamin D Signaling Suppresses Early Prostate Carcinogenesis in TgAPT121 Mice

Fleet, James C. ; Kovalenko, Pavlo L. ; Li, Yan ; Smolinski, Justin ; Spees, Colleen ; Yu, Jun-Ge ; Thomas-Ahner, Jennifer M. ; Cui, Min ; Neme, Antonio ; Carlberg, Carsten ; Clinton, Steven K.

We tested whether lifelong modification of vitamin D signaling can alter the progression of early prostate carcinogenesis in studies using mice that develop high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia that is similar to humans. Two tissue-limited models showed that prostate vitamin D receptor (VDR) loss increased prostate carcinogenesis. In another study, we fed diets with three vitamin D3 levels (inadequate = 25 IU/kg diet, adequate for bone health = 150 IU/kg, or high = 1,000 IU/kg) and [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin de cancer sporadique du côlon avec délétion du gène APC, cette étude met en évidence l'intérêt de la vitamine D et du losartan, un antagoniste des récepteurs de l'angiotensine II, pour inhiber la carcinogenèse

Losartan and vitamin D inhibit colonic tumor development in a conditional Apc-deleted mouse model of sporadic colon cancer

Dougherty, Urszula ; Mustafi, Reba ; Haider, Haider I. ; Khalil, Abdurahman ; Souris, Jeffrey S. ; Joseph, Loren ; Hart, John ; Konda, Vani J. ; Zhang, Wei ; Pekow, Joel ; Li, Yan Chun ; Bissonnette, Marc

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-deaths. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is up-regulated in CRC and epidemiological studies suggest RAS inhibitors reduce cancer risk. Since vitamin D receptor negatively regulates renin, we examined anti-cancer efficacy of vitamin D (VD) and losartan (L), an angiotensin receptor blocker. Control Apc+/LoxP mice, and tumor-forming Apc+/LoxP Cdx2P-Cre mice were randomized to unsupplemented Western diet (UN), or diets supplemented with vitamin [...]

Menée in vitro et sur un modèle murin, cette étude analyse l'effet chimiopréventif du delta

Chemoprevention of Azoxymethane-induced Colon Carcinogenesis by Delta-Tocotrienol

Husain, Kazim ; Zhang, Anying ; Shivers, Steve ; Davis-Yadley, Ashley ; Coppola, Domenico ; Yang, Chung S. ; Malafa, Mokenge P.

This study evaluated the preclinical activity of

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de trois vagues d'enquêtes réalisées en 2011, 2014 et 2016 auprès de 1 373, 1 205 et 1 213 adolescents âgés de 11 à 16 ans, cette étude analyse leur susceptibilité au tabagisme avant, pendant et après la mise en place d'une politique interdisant la publicité pour le tabac dans les points de vente

Impact of a ban on the open display of tobacco products in retail outlets on never smoking youth in the UK: findings from a repeat cross-sectional survey before, during and after implementation

Ford, Allison ; MacKintosh, Anne Marie ; Moodie, Crawford ; Kuipers, Mirte A. G. ; Hastings, Gerard B. ; Bauld, Linda

Background : In the UK, a ban on the open display of tobacco products at the point of sale (POS) was phased in between 2012 and 2015. We explored any impact of the ban on youth before, during and after implementation. Methods : A repeat cross-sectional in-home survey with young people aged 11–16 years old in the UK was conducted preban (2011, n=1373), mid-ban (2014, n=1205) and postban (2016, n=1213). The analysis focuses on the never-smokers in the sample (n=2953 in total). Preban, we [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 16 463 participants de type caucasien ou afro-américain et ayant fumé au moins 100 cigarettes au cours de leur vie, cette étude identifie les facteurs socio-démographiques et comportementaux associés au statut tabagique (fumeur ou ancien fumeur)

Determinants of cigarette smoking status in a national cohort of black and white adult ever smokers in the USA: a cross-sectional analysis of the REGARDS study

Parekh, Trisha M. ; Wu, Chengyi ; McClure, Leslie A. ; Howard, Virginia J. ; Cushman, Mary ; Malek, Angela M. ; Harrington, Kathleen F. ; Cherrington, Andrea L. ; Dransfield, Mark T. ; Bhatia, Smita

Objectives : While awareness of cigarette smoking’s harmful effects has increased, determinants associated with smoking status remain understudied, including potential racial differences. We aim to examine factors associated with former versus current smoking status and assess whether these associations differed by race. Setting : We performed a cross-sectional analysis using the population-based Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke(REGARDS)study. Outcome measures : Logistic [...]