A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée entre 1992 et 2017 (12 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre un régime alimentaire riche en isoflavones et une réduction du risque de cancer gastrique

The association between dietary isoflavones intake and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

You, Jie ; Sun, Yafei ; Bo, Yacong ; Zhu, Yiwei ; Duan, Dandan ; Cui, Han ; Lu, Quanjun

Background : Isoflavones, a class of phytoestrogenic compounds, are abundant in soybeans. A number of epidemiological studies have investigated the association between dietary isoflavones intake and the risk of gastric cancer. However, the results are inconclusive. Therefore, the meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary isoflavones intake on the risk of gastric cancer. Methods : Relevant studies from May 1992 to May 2017 were identified through searching PubMed and Web of [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (7 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'intérêt de la metformine pour réduire le risque de cancer de l'endomètre ou de récidive et pour améliorer la survie globale des patientes atteintes de la maladie

Effect of metformin use on the risk and prognosis of endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chu, Danxia ; Wu, Jie ; Wang, Kaili ; Zhao, Mengling ; Wang, Chunfang ; Li, Liuxia ; Guo, Ruixia

Background : Previous studies have suggested that metformin may be useful for preventing and treating endometrial cancer (EC), while the results have been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between metformin use and risk and prognosis of patients with EC. Methods : PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for observational studies evaluating the effect of metformin on EC prevention or treatment. The odds ratio (OR) [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni, cette étude analyse, en fonction du type de promotion effectuée sur internet (publicités payantes sur les sites "Google Search" et "Facebook", publicités gratuites sur les sites "National Childbirth Trust" et "NHS Choices"), l'utilisation et le rapport coût-efficacité d'un outil en ligne d'aide au sevrage tabagique destiné aux femmes enceintes et reposant sur l'envoi automatique de messages personnalisés

Uptake of Tailored Text Message Smoking Cessation Support in Pregnancy When Advertised on the Internet (MiQuit): Observational Study

Emery, L. Joanne ; Coleman, Tim ; Sutton, Stephen ; Cooper, Sue ; Leonardi-Bee, Jo ; Jones, Matthew ; Naughton, Felix

Background : Smoking in pregnancy is a major public health concern. Pregnant smokers are particularly difficult to reach, with low uptake of support options and few effective interventions. Text message–based self-help is a promising, low-cost intervention for this population, but its real-world uptake is largely unknown. Objective : The objective of this study was to explore the uptake and cost-effectiveness of a tailored, theory-guided, text message intervention for pregnant smokers [...]

Menée à partir de 28 polypes et de 3 tumeurs colorectales de stade précoce prélevés sur 24 patients atteints d'une polypose adénomateuse familiale ou d'un syndrome de Lynch (âge moyen : 48 ans ; 62% de femmes), puis menée à partir de 47 carcinomes colorectaux issus du projet "The Cancer Genome Atlas", cette étude analyse le profil immunitaire des lésions colorectales pré-cancéreuses en fonction de leur origine (syndrome de Lynch, polypose adénomateuse familiale ou lésion sporadique)

Immune profiling of premalignant lesions in patients with Lynch syndrome

Chang, K. ; Taggart, M. W. ; Reyes-Uribe, L. ; et al.,

Importance : Colorectal carcinomas in patients with Lynch syndrome (LS) arise in a background of mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency, display a unique immune profile with upregulation of immune checkpoints, and response to immunotherapy. However, there is still a gap in understanding the pathogenesis of MMR-deficient colorectal premalignant lesions, which is essential for the development of novel preventive strategies for LS. Objective : To characterize the immune profile of premalignant lesions [...]

Menée en Angleterre à partir des données de prescriptions médicamenteuses sur la période 2010-2017, cette étude analyse l'effet des recommandations du "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence" concernant la chimioprévention des cancers mammaires sur l'évolution des prescriptions de tamoxifène et de raloxifène

Impact of NICE guidance on tamoxifen prescribing in England 2011–2017: an interrupted time series analysis

Curtis, Helen J. ; Walker, Alex J. ; Goldacre, Ben

Background : Tamoxifen was recommended by NICE in 2013 for chemoprevention of breast cancer, but a recent survey suggested only a quarter of GPs are aware of this. We set out to measure the uptake of tamoxifen, and the alternative raloxifene, in national prescribing data sets. Methods : Tamoxifen and raloxifene data were extracted from England’s monthly prescribing data sets, October 2010–October 2017. We used interrupted time series analysis to reveal national and local responses to [...]