A partir de données portant sur 709 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon et sur 1 313 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre la longueur des télomères des leucocytes et le risque de développer la maladie, par sous-type histologique et en fonction de la pratique tabagique

Nested case–control study of telomere length and lung cancer risk among heavy smokers in the beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial

Doherty, Jennifer Anne ; Grieshober, Laurie ; Houck, John R. ; Barnett, Matt J. ; De Dieu Tapsoba, Jean ; Thornquist, Mark D. ; Wang, Ching-Yun ; Goodman, Gary E. ; Chen, Chu

Background : Telomeres protect cells from genomic instability. We examined telomere length and lung cancer risk prospectively in heavy smokers. Methods : In a nested case–control study with 709 cases and 1313 controls, conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between telomere length (global, chromosome 5p, and 13q) and lung cancer risk by histotype, controlling for detailed smoking history. Results : Risks of overall lung cancer and adenocarcinoma were suggestively [...]

A partir de données d'études menées en Italie portant sur 1 475 patients atteints d'un cancer de la cavité buccale et du pharynx, 1 077 patients atteints d'un cancer du larynx, sur 716 patients atteints d'un cancer de l'œsophage, 999 patients atteints d'un cancer de l'estomac, 684 patients atteints d'un cancer du foie, 159 patients atteints d'un cancer des voies biliaires, 688 patients atteints d'un cancer du pancréas et sur 9 720 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation de viandes transformées et le risque de développer la maladie

Processed meat and risk of selected digestive tract and laryngeal cancers

Rosato, Valentina ; Kawakita, Daisuke ; Negri, Eva ; Serraino, Diego ; Garavello, Werner ; Montella, Maurizio ; Decarli, Adriano ; La Vecchia, Carlo ; Ferraroni, Monica

Background/objectives : To assess the association between processed meat and the risk of selected digestive tract and laryngeal cancers. Subjects/methods : We conducted a series of case-control studies between 1985 and 2007 in Italy. The studies included a total of 1475 cases of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, 1077 of the larynx, 716 of the esophagus, 999 of the stomach, 684 of the liver, 159 of the biliary tract, 688 of the pancreas, and a total of 9720 controls. Odds ratios (ORs), and [...]

Menée en Chine à partir de données de deux études de cohorte incluant 130 858 participants, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre l'indice glycémique et la charge glycémique de l'alimentation, une consommation de glucides et le risque de cancer du poumon selon le sexe de l'individu (durée moyenne de suivi : 14,8 et 9,3 ans ; 1 312 cas)

Dietary Glycemic Load, Glycemic Index, and Carbohydrate Intake on the Risk of Lung Cancer among Men and Women in Shanghai

Sun, Jiang-Wei ; Zheng, Wei ; Li, Hong-Lan ; Gao, Jing ; Yang, Gong ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Rothman, Nat ; Lan, Qing ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Xiang, Yong-Bing

To investigate the potential influence of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, or carbohydrate intake and lung cancer risk in Shanghai. We prospectively investigated the associations among 130,858 participants in the Shanghai Women's and Men's Health Studies. Diet was assessed using validated food-frequency questionnaires. Lung cancer cases were ascertained through annual record linkage and every 2?3 years in-home visits. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to calculate hazard [...]

Menée au Japon à partir de données portant sur 43 469 hommes, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre 3 types de régimes alimentaires et le risque de cancer de la prostate (période de suivi : 1995-2012 ; 1 156 cas)

Dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk in Japanese: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study)

Shin, Sangah ; Saito, Eiko ; Sawada, Norie ; Ishihara, Junko ; Takachi, Ribeka ; Nanri, Akiko ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Iwasaki, Motoki ; Sasazuki, Shizuka ; Inoue, Manami ; Tsugane, Shoichiro

Purpose : The development of prostate cancer may be impacted by environmental factors, including diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in a large prospective cohort study among Japanese men. Methods : A total of 43,469 men who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study were followed from 1995 to 1998 to the end of 2012, during which 1,156 cases of prostate cancer were newly identified. Dietary [...]

Menée au Japon auprès de 53 561 femmes âgées de 40 à 69 ans, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle, la taille et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre, par sous-type histologique (durée moyenne de suivi : 18,6 ans ; 180 cas)

Association of BMI and height with the risk of endometrial cancer, overall and by histological subtype: a population-based prospective cohort study in Japan

Kawachi, Asuka ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Budhathoki, Sanjeev ; Sawada, Norie ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Iwasaki, Motoki ; Inoue, Manami ; Tsugane, Shoichiro ; for the JPHC Study Group

Evidence on the association between BMI, height, and endometrial cancer risk, including by subtypes, among Asian populations remains limited. We evaluated the impact of BMI and height on the risk of endometrial cancer, overall and by histological subtype. We prospectively investigated 53 651 Japanese women aged 40–69 years. With an average follow-up duration of 18.6 years, 180 newly diagnosed endometrial cancers were reported, including 119 type 1 and 21 type 2. The association between BMI, [...]

Menée au Danemark à partir de données portant sur 4 501 participantes éligibles à un dépistage par mammographie sur la période 1993-2001, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause, la densité mammaire et le risque de cancer du sein

Hormone replacement therapy, mammographic density, and breast cancer risk: a cohort study

Azam, Shadi ; Lange, Theis ; Huynh, Stephanie ; Aro, Arja R. ; von Euler-Chelpin, My ; Vejborg, Ilse ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Lynge, Elsebeth ; Andersen, Zorana J.

Purpose : Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use increases breast cancer risk and mammographic density (MD). We examine whether MD mediates or modifies the association of HRT with the breast cancer. Methods : For the 4,501 participants in the Danish diet, cancer and health cohort (1993–1997) who attended mammographic screening in Copenhagen (1993–2001), MD (mixed/dense or fatty) was assessed at the first screening after cohort entry. HRT use was assessed by questionnaire and breast cancer [...]

Menée dans 17 pays à partir de données portant sur 872 femmes porteuses de la mutation BRCA1 entre 1995 et 2017 (âge moyen : 43,4 ans), cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre l'utilisation, après une ovariectomie, d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer du sein (durée moyenne de suivi : 7,6 ans ; 92 cas)

Hormone replacement therapy after oophorectomy and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 mutation carriers

Kotsopoulos, J. ; Gronwald, J. ; Karlan, B. Y. ; et al.,

Importance : Prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is recommended for BRCA1 mutation carriers to prevent ovarian cancer. Whether or not hormone replacement therapy (HRT) initiated after oophorectomy is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer has not been evaluated in a prospective study. Objective : To determine the association between HRT use and BRCA1-associated breast cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants : A prospective, longitudinal cohort study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données portant sur 47 555 femmes afro-américaines, cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation d'hormones exogènes (contraception orale, traitement hormonal de la ménopause) et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre (durée de suivi : 689 546 personnes-années ; 300 cas)

Exogenous Hormone Use and Endometrial Cancer in U.S. Black Women

Sponholtz, Todd R. ; Palmer, Julie R. ; Rosenberg, Lynn A. ; Hatch, Elizabeth E. ; Adams-Campbell, Lucile L. ; Wise, Lauren A.

Background: Although endometrial cancer risk differs among white and black women, few data on its associations with exogenous hormone use in the latter group are available. Studies have reported lower endometrial cancer risk among users of oral contraceptives (OCs), but higher risk among users of estrogen-only female menopausal hormones (FMHs). Evidence for the risk among estrogen plus progestin FMHs users is equivocal. Methods: We followed 47,555 Black Women's Health Study participants with an [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de données portant sur 878 patients atteints d'un lymphome non hodgkinien et sur 4 364 témoins atteints d'un diabète, cette étude évalue l'association entre une utilisation de metformine et le risque de développer la maladie par sous-type histologique

Metformin Is Not Associated with Incidence Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas among Diabetic Patients

Ye, Xibiao ; Zhang, Geng ; Righolt, Christiaan ; Johnston, James B. ; Banerji, Versha ; Gibson, Spencer B. ; Mahmud, Salaheddin M.

Background: Several epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between diabetes and increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the effect of diabetic treatment drugs such as metformin on the risk is unknown. Methods: We conducted a population-based nested case–control study involving 878 NHL cases and 4,364 controls diagnosed with diabetes. Use of metformin and other medications before diagnosis and medical condition histories were assessed using administrative databases. [...]

A partir de données portant sur 45 enfants atteints d'une leucémie lymphoblastique aiguë, cette étude met en évidence le rôle d'une mutation constitutionnelle du gène IKZF1 dans l'étiologie de la maladie, à la fois héréditaire et sporadique

Germline Genetic IKZF1 Variation and Predisposition to Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Churchman, Michelle L. ; Qian, Maoxiang ; te Kronnie, Geertruy ; Zhang, Ranran ; Yang, Wenjian ; Zhang, Hui ; Lana, Tobia ; Tedrick, Paige ; Baskin, Rebekah ; Verbist, Katherine ; Peters, Jennifer L. ; Devidas, Meenakshi ; Larsen, Eric ; Moore, Ian M. ; Gu, Zhaohui ; Qu, Chunxu ; Yoshihara, Hiroki ; Porter, Shaina N. ; Pruett-Miller, Shondra M. ; Wu, Gang ; Raetz, Elizabeth ; Martin, Paul L. ; Bowman, W. Paul ; Winick, Naomi ; Mardis, Elaine ; Fulton, Robert ; Stanulla, Martin ; Evans, William E. ; Relling, Mary V. ; Pui, Ching-Hon ; Hunger, Stephen P. ; Loh, Mignon L. ; Handgretinger, Rupert ; Nichols, Kim E. ; Yang, Jun J. ; Mullighan, Charles G.

Somatic genetic alterations of IKZF1, which encodes the lymphoid transcription factor IKAROS, are common in high-risk B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and are associated with poor prognosis. Such alterations result in the acquisition of stem cell-like features, overexpression of adhesion molecules causing aberrant cell-cell and cell-stroma interaction, and decreased sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Here we report coding germline IKZF1 variation in familial childhood ALL [...]