Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès d'un échantillon de 181 lycéens utilisant la cigarette électronique (âge moyen : 16 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la concentration en nicotine des cigarettes électroniques et l'intensité ainsi que la fréquence du tabagisme ou du vapotage

Associations of electronic cigarette nicotine concentration with subsequent cigarette smoking and vaping levels in adolescents

Goldenson, N. I. ; Leventhal, A. M. ; Stone, M. D. ; McConnell, R. S. ; Barrington-Trimis, J. L.

Importance : Research indicates that electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use (vaping) among adolescents is associated with the initiation and progression of combustible cigarette smoking. The reasons for this association are unknown. Objective : To evaluate whether use of e-cigarettes with higher nicotine concentrations is associated with subsequent increases in the frequency and intensity of combustible cigarette smoking and vaping. Design, Setting, and Participants : In this prospective cohort [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin, cette étude montre que la restriction calorique prévient la tumorigenèse hépatique liée à une substance carcinogène

Caloric Restriction Prevents Carcinogen-Initiated Liver Tumorigenesis in Mice

Ploeger, Jonathan M. ; Manivel, Juan C. ; Boatner, Lauren N. ; Mashek, Douglas G.

Caloric restriction (CR) and endurance exercise elicit wide-ranging health benefits including reduced risk of select cancers. In addition, diet composition influences oncogenesis, although its interactions with exercise and CR are not well understood. Therefore, to investigate the potential interactions between diet and lifestyle interventions on liver tumorigenesis, the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine was administered to 72 male C57Bl/6 mice that were subsequently fed diets enriched with lard [...]

Menée sur des rats exposés à une substance cancérogène, cette étude évalue les effets du fucoïdane, un polysaccharide alimentaire provenant des algues brunes, sur le système immunitaire et la carcinogenèse mammaire, puis analyse les mécanismes d'action

The Protective and Immunomodulatory Effects of Fucoidan Against 7,12-Dimethyl benz[a]anthracene-Induced Experimental Mammary Carcinogenesis Through the PD1/PDL1 Signaling Pathway in Rats

Xue, Meilan ; Liang, Hui ; Tang, Qingjuan ; Xue, Chuanxing ; He, Xinjia ; Zhang, Li ; Zhang, Zheng ; Liang, Zhengyan ; Bian, Kang ; Zhang, Lichen ; Li, Zhuxin

Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that is extracted from brown algae seaweed. This study was designed to evaluate the protective and immunomodulatory effects of dietary fucoidan on 7,12-dimethyl benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced experimental mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups: the control group (control group), the cancer model group (model group), and the F1 and F2 groups, which were fed fucoidan at concentrations of 200 and [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 1 212 participants fumeurs ou non (âge : 18 à 64 ans), cette étude compare l'efficacité de différentes stratégies pour signaler, sur les paquets de cigarettes, la nocivité des substances chimiques retrouvées dans les produits tabagiques

Evaluation of strategies to communicate harmful and potentially harmful constituent (HPHC) information through cigarette package inserts: a discrete choice experiment

Salloum, Ramzi G. ; Louviere, Jordan J. ; Getz, Kayla R. ; Islam, Farahnaz ; Anshari, Dien ; Cho, Yoojin ; O’Connor, Richard J. ; Hammond, David ; Thrasher, James F.

Background : The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has regulatory authority to use inserts to communicate with consumers about harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) in tobacco products; however, little is known about the most effective manner for presenting HPHC information. Methods : In a discrete choice experiment, participants evaluated eight choice sets, each of which showed two cigarette packages from four different brands and tar levels (high vs low), accompanied by an [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 405 et 396 participants, cette étude évalue les effets, sur leurs perceptions des risques liés à la cigarette conventionnelle ou à la cigarette électronique, de l'utilisation par les fabricants de descripteurs orientés santé (100% bio, sans additif, entièrement naturel) sur les emballages des produits tabagiques et des dispositifs électroniques de vapotage

Effects of health-oriented descriptors on combustible cigarette and electronic cigarette packaging: an experiment among adult smokers in the United States

Sanders-Jackson, Ashley ; Tan, Andy S. L. ; Yie, Kyeungyeun

Objective : Certain tobacco companies use health-oriented descriptors (eg, 100% organic) on product packaging and advertising of combustible cigarettes or electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) that create a ‘health halo’ around smoking and vaping. Previous observational research suggests that such language may be associated with more favourable attitudes and reduced risk perceptions toward these brands compared with others. This study aimed to determine the effects of health-oriented descriptors [...]